The dentate gyrus (DG) has distinct roles along its dorso-ventral axis. In the mouse, we recently demonstrated that dorsal DG (dDG) stimulation enhances exploratory behavior (Kheirbek et al., 2013). ...Dopamine (DA) release in the Nucleus Accumbens (NAcc), which belongs to the reward system, could be a key target of dDG mediating this motivation-related behavior. Here, an optogenetic stimulation of either ventral (vDG) or dDG granule cells was coupled with NAcc DA release monitoring using in vivo microdialysis. Only dDG stimulation enhanced NAcc DA release, indicating differential interconnections between dDG and vDG to the reward system.
From the ethyl acetate extract (EtOAc) of the Vietnamese
leaves, a new flavone 8-
-glycoside 2'',6''-di-
-acetylvitexin (
), together with six known analogs
were isolated. Their structures were ...determined by spectral methods and compared with literature data. In α-glucosidase inhibitory assay, the EtOAc extract and its flavone and biflavone derivatives possessed the significant IC
range of 9.17-97.53 µM, as compared with that of the positive control acarbose (249 µM). Flavones and biflavones showed are better than flavone glycosides in both α-glucosidase and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities.
Three new xanthones, garcimckeans A-C (1-3) were isolated from the methanol extract of the stems of Garcinia mckeaniana (Clusiaceae). Their structures were established by extensive spectroscopic ...analysis (HR-ESI-MS and 1 D and 2 D NMR) and by comparison of the spectral data with those reported in the literature. Compounds 1-3 displayed weak cytotoxic activity toward KB, Lu, HepG2, and MCF7 cell lines using the MTT assay with IC
50
values ranging from 71.03 ± 2.93 to 90.40 ± 7.13 µM compared to that of the positive control compound, ellipticine (IC
50
: 1.22 ± 0.10 ∼ 2.44 ± 0.2 µM).
Objectives
The aim of this study was to assess acceptance of COVID‐19 vaccination and the willingness to pay (WTP) for it, and investigate associated factors among pregnant women in Vietnam.
Methods
...Cross‐sectional survey of pregnant women in two obstetric hospitals in Hanoi and Ca Mau provinces, Vietnam. Data on acceptance and WTP for COVID‐19, demographic characteristics, maternal characteristics, and risk perceptions toward COVID‐19 were collected. Multivariate logistic and linear regression models were performed to identify factors associated with the acceptance and WTP for the vaccine.
Results
Of 651 pregnant women, 60.4% accepted to receive the vaccine, and 82.6% of the total pregnant women were willing to pay for a COVID‐19 vaccine with the mean amount of WTP of USD 15.2 (SD ± 27.4). The most common reason for refusing vaccination was “Worry about the safety of the vaccine” (66.9%) in Hanoi and “The preventive effect of COVID‐19 is low” (45.2%) in Ca Mau. A higher income, having children, self‐perceived risk of COVID‐19 infection, and perceived risk to friends were associated with a higher likelihood of acceptance and WTP for the vaccine.
Conclusions
Implementing COVID‐19 vaccination and resource mobilisation among pregnant women in Vietnam is feasible, although communication programmes to improve risk perception and awareness about vaccine should be developed for facilitating acceptance of the vaccine.
This study aimed to examine fear of childbirth and willingness to pay for fear-prevention services in pregnant women. A multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted on pregnant women in two ...obstetric hospitals in Vietnam. The Fear of Birth Scale was utilized to evaluate fear of childbirth. Multivariable, generalized linear regression and logistic regression models were performed to identify associated factors with fear of childbirth, demand, and willingness to pay for prevention services. Of 900 pregnant women, fear of childbirth was moderately high with a mean score of 18.1 (SD = 2.3). Age of partner; ever having complications of pregnancy; attitudes toward different aspects of childbirth delivery; satisfactions with friends, parents, and siblings’ care; and information support were associated with fear of childbirth. Only 33.8% participants had a demand for the prevention service, and 43.7% were willing to pay for this service with an average amount of $US 10.0 per month (SD = 72.0). Our study suggested that individualized psychological counseling and information-seeking guidance should be provided appropriately and differently for multiparous and nulliparous women for reducing fear and improving the acceptability of the prevention services.
New propene derivative 1-(3
,4
-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-(2
-hydroxy-5-(3
-hydroxypropyl)-3
-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (
), along with three known triterpenoids ursolic acid (
), pomolic acid (
), ...and maslinic acid (
) were isolated from the leaves of
species. All structures were assigned by spectroscopic analysis. Compound
showed potent cytotoxicity against four cancer cell lines (KB, HepG2, Lu, and MCF7) with the IC
values of 3.19, 2.87, 2.33, and 2.44 µM, respectively.
The use of naturally occurring materials with antibacterial properties has gained a great interest in infected wound management. Despite being an abundant resource in Vietnam, chitosan and its ...derivatives have not yet been intensively explored for their potential in such application. Here, we utilized a local chitosan source to synthesize chitosan oligomers (OCS) using hydrogen peroxide (H
O
) oxidation under the microwave irradiation method. The effects of H
O
concentration on the physicochemical properties of OCS were investigated through molecular weight, degree of deacetylation, and heavy metal contamination for optimization of OCS formulation. Then, the antibacterial inhibition was examined; the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration (MIC and MBC) of OCS-based materials were determined against common skin-inhabitant pathogens. The results show that the local Vietnamese chitosan and its derivative OCS possessed high-yield purification while the molecular weight of OCS was inversely proportional and proportional to the concentration of H
O
, respectively. Further, the MIC and MBC of OCS ranged from 3.75 to less than 15 mg/mL and 7.5-15 mg/mL, respectively. Thus, OCS-based materials induce excellent antimicrobial properties and can be attractive for wound dressings and require further investigation.
Nowadays, the raising in agriculture productions is required to meet the demand for growing population. Besides macronutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and to a lesser degree, calcium, ...sulfur and magnesium) requirements, plants need micronutrients (copper, iron, zinc, boron...) to ensure productivity as well as high agricultural quality. The activity of these elements is greatly affected by very small changes in environmental factors such as pH, mechanical composition and organic matter in the soil. Therefore, there must be another way to effectively bring these elements to the crop. This leads to research and development of a new fertilizer to provide nutrients more effectively. This study reports the synthesis of a new nanofertilizer incorporating micronutrients with hydroxyapatite (nHA) and its impacts on Asparagus officinalis germination. FESEM images show that the nanofertilizer particles were in rod-shaped with diameters of 20-25 nm and length of approximately 86 nm, while EDX image reveals micronutrient compositions: Ag (696 mg kg−1), Zn (619 mg kg−1), Cu (427 mg kg−1), Co (519 mg kg−1g) and Fe (751 mg kg−1). The 10-day-long Asparagus officinalis seeds test proved a faster germination rate (46.4 1.2 mm/10 days) compared to that of normal treatment (35.3 0.8 mm/10 days). When asparagus was used the micronutrients nano system, they had the ability to grow faster than unused. These results suggest promising application of nanoferitilizer in agriculture.
Breastfeeding should begin as soon as possible after birth and continue exclusively to 6 months of age. In Vietnam, as in many other countries, breastfeeding is decreasing because of modern ...lifestyles and the promotion of infant formula. It is important to provide mothers, family members, and the community with the knowledge and strategies to improve breastfeeding rates. Smartphones are almost ubiquitous in Vietnam and of the potential to provide information about breastfeeding. This study aimed to document the process of designing and developing a mobile app to increase breastfeeding rates in Vietnamese women.
We used a four-step mixed methods approach with a literature review, formative research (22 in-depth interviews and 49 self-administered online questionnaires), and testing of prototype apps (3 focus groups discussion and external experts). Formative research and focus group discussion involved 99 participants. Finally, the revisions of the app were tested. All of the formative research was undertaken in Hanoi in 2019-2020. Target behaviors followed by key determinants, to improve breastfeeding self-efficacy were studied and this information was then applied in developing the messages and library content. Barriers and facilitators to breastfeeding were identified from literature reviews and qualitative research. The messages were targeted at not only mothers but also included fathers, mothers-in-law, or families.
Mothers were mostly concerned about the initiation of breastfeeding, preventing and reducing difficulties encountered during breastfeeding, and nutrition for breastfeeding mothers. Mental health and well-being in the postnatal period are also concerns. Three key features to be included in the app were identified from the formative research: (1) notifications; (2) an information library; and (3) a searching function. The research found that the app should be installed during pregnancy rather than after delivery (81% vs 17%, respectively). Notifications that convey breastfeeding messages should be sent 2-3 times per week.
The development of the app followed a best practice approach, including the involvement of stakeholders and grounding in behavior change theory. The next step is to evaluate the effectiveness of the BeBo mobile app in a well-conducted randomized controlled trial.
ACTRN12619000531112.
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