4,4-Bis(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydro-2-phenylbenzo
e- and 4,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydro-2-phenyl-(4
’-chlorobenzo)
e-1,3,2-dioxaphosphepin-5-ones react with hexafluoroacetone to form unusual ...propeller type structures – 3,3,10,10-tetrakis-(trifluoromethyl)-1-phenyl-6,7-benzo- and 3,3,10,10-tetrakis(trifluoromethyl)-1-phenyl-6,7-(4
’-chlorobenzo)-2,4,8,9-tetraoxa-1-phosphatricyclo3.3.2.01,5decenes (5-carbaphosphatrane derivatives), the structure of which has been determined by NMR spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.
The possibility of using of easily available 1-(α-aminobenzyl)-2-naphthols as chiral auxiliaries in the synthesis of non-racemic α-aminophosphonates has been shown.
We have isolated clones containing the gene for tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) from a mouse genomic library. Four out of five clones containing the TNF-alpha gene also hybridized to a human ...lymphotoxin (TNF-beta) probe. We constructed a restriction enzyme cleavage map of a 6.4 kb region from one of the genomic clones. From partial sequencing data and hybridizations with exon-specific oligonucleotide probes, we conclude that this region contains the mouse TNF-alpha and TNF-beta genes in a tandem arrangement, that they are separated by only about 1100 bases, and that their intron-exon structure is very similar to that seen in man. We probed genomic blots of DNA from human/mouse hybrids containing single mouse chromosomes for the presence of the mouse TNF genes. The results show that the genes are located on mouse chromosome 17, which also contains the major histocompatibility complex. Therefore, both the mouse and the human TNF genes are tandemly arranged and located on the same chromosome as the MHC.
The structure of the vanadium-bearing resources in our country has been determined by the availability of the primary raw material - the vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite ores of the Ural. However, ...there is one other rich source of vanadium - the wastes from heating and electric power plants (HPPs). Fuel oils and oil-water emulsions that contain vanadium are burned as fuel at these facilities, so that vanadium oxides are concentrated in the ash residues deposited on the heating surfaces or in the sludges formed in the wash solutions. HPP wastes are actively used in industry in certain countries. Although the recycling of vanadium-bearing wastes from power plants has not yet been successfully introduced in Russia on an industrial scale, there is no question that it would be environmentally and economically expedient. About 370,000 tons of low-grade (less than 10% V sub 2 O sub 5 by weight) high-sulfur sludge has been accumulated in the sludge ponds of heating and power plants, and every year the losses (in dumps and wastes gases) reach an average of 5000-6000 tons of vanadium and up to 1400 tons of nickel. At the same time, preliminary estimates indicate that the oil reserves which still exist in Russia contain up to 7-10 million tons of vanadium. Together with nickel, this concentration of vanadium represents a substantial percentage of the impurities present in the heavy fractions of the oil.
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