As a key use of image processing, object detection has boomed along with the unprecedented advancement of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and its variants since 2012. When CNN series develops to ...Faster Region with CNN (R-CNN), the Mean Average Precision (mAP) has reached 76.4, whereas, the Frame Per Second (FPS) of Faster R-CNN remains 5 to 18 which is far slower than the real-time effect. Thus, the most urgent requirement of object detection improvement is to accelerate the speed. Based on the general introduction to the background and the core solution CNN, this paper exhibits one of the best CNN representatives You Only Look Once (YOLO), which breaks through the CNN family's tradition and innovates a complete new way of solving the object detection with most simple and high efficient way. Its fastest speed has achieved the exciting unparalleled result with FPS 155, and its mAP can also reach up to 78.6, both of which have surpassed the performance of Faster R-CNN greatly. Additionally, compared with the latest most advanced solution, YOLOv2 achieves an excellent tradeoff between speed and accuracy as well as an object detector with strong generalization ability to represent the whole image.
We report on the generation of large energy, widely wavelength tunable pulses in an erbium-doped fiber laser passively Q-switched by a topological insulator saturable absorber (TI-SA). The TI-SA is ...prepared through an optical deposition method. Its saturating intensity and modulation depth are measured to be about 57 MW/cm 2 and 22%, respectively. We show that the high modulation depth of TI-SA allows the generation of stable Q-switched pulses with per-pulse energy up to 1.5 μJ and its broadband saturable absorption favors the tunable Q-switching operation from 1510.9 nm to 1589.1 nm. Our study suggests that TI: Bi 2 Te 3 could be a promising saturable absorber for both the high energy and broadband optical applications.
•There is no mutational hot spot in the KIAA1840 gene.•The mutational spectrum of SPG11 is wide, and frameshift mutations are the most common type followed by nonsense mutations.•SPG11 exhibited ...significant clinical and genetic heterogeneity.•No clear genotype-phenotype correlation was observed.
Hereditary spastic paraplegia type 11 (SPG11) is the most common subtype of autosomal recessive hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP), to date, there are more than 181 different KIAA1840 gene mutations detected, and yet the genetic landscape of SPG11 is far from complete. To find the clinical and genetic characteristics of SPG11, we performed a reanalysis of the clinical features and genotype-phenotype correlations in all reported studies exhibiting SPG11 mutations. A total of 339 patients were collected, their mean age at onset was 13.10 ± 3.65 years, with initial symptoms like gait disturbance (107/195, 54.87%) and mental retardation (47/195, 24.10%). Cognitive decline (228/270, 84.44%) was the most common complex manifestation stepped by dysarthria (134/195, 68.72%), neuropathy (112/177, 63.28%), amyatrophy, sphincter disturbance (60/130, 46.15%) and ataxia (90/194, 46.39%). The most common brain MRI abnormality is thinning of the corpus callosum (TCC) (173/190, 91.05%), followed by periventricular white matter changes (130/158, 82.28%), cerebral or cerebellar cortical atrophy (55/107, 51.40%). The mutational spectrum associated with KIAA1840 gene is wide, and frameshift mutations are the most common type followed by nonsense mutations. Our reanalysis demonstrated that SPG11 exhibited significant clinical and genetic heterogeneity, and no clear genotype-phenotype correlation was observed. There is no mutational hot spot in the KIAA1840 gene, which emphasizes the need to analyse the whole gene in clinical practice. In addition to conventional genetic testing methods, further mRNA analysis should be conducted on some cases to yield a definitive diagnosis.
The electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is a promising strategy of nitrogen fixation into ammonia under ambient conditions. However, the development of electrochemical NRR is highly ...bottlenecked by the expensive noble metal catalysts. As a representative 2D nonmetallic material, black phosphorus (BP) has the valence electron structure similar to nitrogen, which can effectively adsorb the inactive nitrogen molecule and activate its triple bond. In addition, the relatively weak hydrogen adsorption can restrict the competitive and vigorous hydrogen evolution reaction. Herein, ultrafine BP quantum dots (QDs) are prepared via liquid‐phase exfoliation and then assembled on catalytically active MnO2 nanosheets through van der Waals interactions. The obtained BP QDs/MnO2 catalyst demonstrates admirable synergetic effects in electrochemical NRR. The monodisperse BP QDs providing major activity manifest excellent ammonia production steadily with high selectivity, which benefits from the robust confinement of the BP QDs on the wrinkled MnO2 nanosheets with decent activity. A high ammonia yield rate of 25.3 µg h−1 mgcat.−1 and faradic efficiency of 6.7% can be achieved at −0.5 V (vs RHE) in 0.1 m Na2SO4 electrolyte, which are dramatically superior to either component. The isotopic labelling and other control tests further exclude the external contamination possibility and attest the genuine activity.
Monodisperse black phosphorus quantum dots exfoliated from bulk phase are elaborately confined on wrinkled MnO2 nanosheets via facile van der Waals interactions. The consequent double‐active BP QDs/MnO2 composite as electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction catalyst demonstrates superior synergy effect, revealing admirable activity, selectivity, stability, and durability.
miRNAs play a systematical role in CRC proliferation, metastasis, angiogenesis, autophagy, apoptosis, and chemoradiotherapy, revealing that relevant miRNAs can serve as potential targets for CRC ...therapy.
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•MicroRNAs play significant roles in the progression of colorectal cancer.•MicroRNAs are associated with the chemoradiotherapy of colorectal cancer.•MicroRNAs could serve as potential targets for colorectal cancer therapy.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is known as the third most common cancer as well as the fourth most deadly cancer worldwide. CRC accounts for approximately 10 % of all new cancer cases globally, remaining the second most frequent cause of cancer-related deaths. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding RNAs that can affect a variety of cellular and molecular targets. Depending on the cell environment in which the information is expressed, miRNAs can serve as a CRC suppressor or promoter and play essential roles in several biological processes. In this review, we summarized the relationship between miRNAs and proliferation, metastasis, angiogenesis, autophagy, apoptosis, and the chemoradiotherapy of CRC, revealing that relevant miRNAs could serve as potential targets for CRC therapy.
Urban villages are typical informal settlements in Chinese cities where rural villages were gradually surrounded by urban built environments during urbanisation. In the era of urban renewal, these ...“urban enclaves” have been systematically demolished due to their “chaotic” building layouts and “backward” appearance. Existing policies related to the redevelopment of urban villages mainly follow a “demolish-rebuild” orientation, while lacking sufficient consideration of the mechanisms behind their environmental aspects and performances. In the long run, such a direction of urban redevelopment will hinder the achievement of sustainable development goals. This paper reviews the major municipal-level policies that relate to urban villages and urban renewal in Shenzhen through the adoption of systematic literature survey and content analysis. An analytical framework of “Three Contents and Six Instruments” is established to examine the highlighted and overlooked aspects of these policies. Results reveal that Shenzhen’s implemented policies aim to formulise, modernise, and consequently homogenise urban villages into “urban-like modern communities” through the following upgrades: urban infrastructure development, improvement of sanitation conditions, and building façade beautification. However, these approaches for “environmental enhancement” were not primarily based on identifying and understanding the real causes of the exhibiting “environmental problems.” Meanwhile, the inspiration and inheritance of informal rules, especially the involvement and participation of residents for the rehabilitation of urban villages have been entirely overlooked. These two overlooked crucial aspects should be introduced in policy-making and integrated with existing adopted strategies to match local contexts and resolve specific issues. The paper advocates to extend the connotation of the concept of environment from an infrastructural consideration to a mechanism-based and performance-orientation thinking during the making of urban renewal policies. It suggests that environment could be utilised as an inclusive medium to efficiently frame and link multiple aspects in the policies.
•Demolish-rebuild-oriented urban village renewal affects urban land use and sustainability.•Content analysis was adopted to identify focused and overlooked aspects of Shenzhen’s policies.•Environmental evaluation and informal intervention were overlooked in the existing policies.•Guidance and framework for inclusive and sustainable urban renewal policy-making are provided.
Abstract
Informatization has become an inevitable trend in office, and it is also the main way for modern business society to improve work efficiency. From the observation of the reform of file ...management in practice, its main direction is based on computer technology. This research selects three aspects based on computer technology, including information resource management, technology management and service management. It mainly discusses the integration and utilization of information resources, technology management promotion measures and innovative service management system paths.
In this paper, Fourier transforms in big data technology is used to realize the data preprocessing process of vocal signals from analog signals to digital signals and to explore the identification ...law of various music styles in vocal teaching in colleges and universities. According to the application of a convolutional neural network in vocal music teaching, the evaluation model of vocal music teaching based on a convolutional neural network is constructed by utilizing a convolutional neural network with accurate sensitivity and high-speed eigenvalue training speed. Starting from the design of relevant variables and the selection of evaluation tools, the experimental study of emotional therapy for the integration of percussion instruments and vocal music teaching is designed, and statistical analysis and simulation analysis are used to analyze the integration of musical instruments and vocal music teaching in the context of music core literacy. The results show that the evaluation error of the recurrent neural network method is 10.07%, while the minimum value is 0.24%. The maximum evaluation error of the convolutional neural network method is 8.22%, and the minimum evaluation error is 0.22%. The evaluation results of the quality of the integrated teaching of percussion instruments and vocal music of the model in this paper are better than the evaluation method of recurrent neural networks. During the maintenance period, when subject three was given weekly emotional therapy for teaching percussion instruments and vocal fusion, it was found that the subject’s emotional behavioral problems also completely subsided. This study realizes that the elimination of negative emotions in the teaching of musical instrument elements and college vocal music has a facilitating effect on the formation of students’ core musical literacy perspective.
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