COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is frequent and can constitute a barrier to the dissemination of vaccines once they are available. Unequal access to vaccines may also contribute to socioeconomic ...inequalities with regard to COVID-19. We studied vaccine hesitancy among persons living in homeless shelters in France between May and June 2020 (n = 235). Overall, 40.9% of study participants reported vaccine hesitancy, which is comparable to general population trends in France. In multivariate regression models, factors associated with vaccine hesitancy are: being a woman (OR = 2.55; 95% CI 1.40–4.74), living with a partner (OR = 2.48, 95% CI 1.17–5.41), no legal residence in France (OR = 0.51, 95% CI 0.27–0.92), and health literacy (OR = 0.38, 95% CI 0.21, 0.68). Our results suggest that trends in vaccine hesitancy and associated factors are similar among homeless persons as in the general population. Dissemination of information on vaccine risks and benefits needs to be adapted to persons who experience severe disadvantage.
International collaboration in science has received increasing attention given emphases on relevance, generalizability, and impact of research. Implementation science (IS) is a growing discipline ...that aims to translate clinical research findings into health services. Research is needed to identify efficient and effective ways to foster international collaboration in IS. Concept-mapping (CM) was utilized with a targeted sample for preliminary exploration of fostering international collaboration. Concept-mapping is a mixed-method approach (qualitative/quantitative) particularly suited for identifying essential themes and action items to facilitate planning among diverse stakeholders. We sought to identify key factors likely to facilitate productive and rewarding international collaborations in implementation research.
We identified eleven dimensions: Strategic Planning; Practicality; Define Common Principles; Technological Tools for Collaboration; Funding; Disseminate Importance of Fostering International Collaboration in IS; Knowledge Sharing; Innovative & Adaptive Research; Training IS Researchers; Networking & Shared Identity; Facilitate Meetings. Strategic Planning and Funding were highest rated for importance and Strategic Planning and Networking and Shared Identity were rated most feasible to institute. Fostering international collaboration in IS can accelerate the efficiency, relevance, and generalizability of implementation research. Strategies should be developed and tested to improve international collaborations and engage junior and experienced investigators in collaborations advancing implementation science and practice.
IntroductionRCTs have demonstrated CRC screening efficacy. However, programme implementation requires substantial resources. Reliable estimates of the potential screening impact in a population would ...facilitate timely decisions about establishing programmes. Many countries lack the capacity and detailed knowledge of the distribution of the disease in the population for complex modelling, particularly medium-resource countries. Simple methods for estimating the future impact of CRC screening in such settings would be a useful tool in cancer control planning.MethodsFor the 27 EU countries, population projections by country, sex and quinquennium were obtained from the UNpopin database. Country-, sex- and age-specific mortality rates were obtained from GLOBOCAN2002. The method requires stating parameters for the following factors: screening interval, age at screening attendance, participation rate and programme duration. Estimates for these parameters were derived from FOBt RCT results; simultaneous programme introduction throughout a country and high quality management were assumed.Results600 000 to 1.05 million CRC deaths could be avoided over 25 years in the EU depending on the screening interval and compliance rate, for programmes offered to the 50–74-year-old population.ConclusionsA method for estimating the population impact of CRC screening has been developed which requires minimum epidemiologic and technical support. The accuracy of the method should be assessed by comparing these preliminary results with sophisticated modelling approaches and with up-to-date estimates of CRC burden in populations in which screening coverage is known. Countries contemplating CRC screening, but lacking detailed knowledge of the disease burden, should develop this capacity in the early translational phase of programme planning.
IntroductionColorectal cancer (CRC) is the 4th most common cause of cancer death worldwide. The efficacy of screening in reducing CRC mortality has been proven in RCTs. The EU recommends ...population-based screening with appropriate quality at each step in the screening process. Evidence-based, multidisciplinary European Guidelines for Quality Assurance in Colorectal Cancer Screening and Diagnosis have been developed by experts and will be published shortly by the European Commission. The EU Guidelines include a summary table of performance standards in CRC screening.MethodsA multidisciplinary, pan-European group of experts in implementation, evaluation and quality assurance of colorectal cancer screening led by an editorial board drafted and revised the guidelines outline and key clinical questions covering the entire screening process. An expert literature group provided additional scientific support in defining the questions, conducting the respective literature reviews and evaluating the evidence. The bibliographic searches (Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library) covered the years 2000–2008. In selected cases, references not identified by the above process were included in the evidence base, for example, relevant articles published after 2008 identified by the authors.ResultsFor 13 parameters sufficient evidence was found from published trials and the experience in implementation of population-based screening programmes to achieve consensus on recommended targets across the EU.ConclusionsInitial performance standards have been developed which are suitable for a pan-European setting. Programmes should monitor numerous additional parameters to maintain and continuously improve quality. All standards should be constantly reviewed and revised accordingly with regard to results achieved and best clinical practice.
Population-based screening for early detection and treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) and precursor lesions, using evidence-based methods, can be effective in populations with a significant burden ...of the disease provided the services are of high quality. Multidisciplinary, evidence-based guidelines for quality assurance in CRC screening and diagnosis have been developed by experts in a project co-financed by the European Union. The 450-page guidelines were published in book format by the European Commission in 2010. They include 10 chapters and over 250 recommendations, individually graded according to the strength of the recommendation and the supporting evidence. Adoption of the recommendations can improve and maintain the quality and effectiveness of an entire screening process, including identification and invitation of the target population, diagnosis and management of the disease and appropriate surveillance in people with detected lesions. To make the principles, recommendations and standards in the guidelines known to a wider professional and scientific community and to facilitate their use in the scientific literature, the original content is presented in journal format in an open-access Supplement of
Endoscopy.
The editors have prepared the present overview to inform readers of the comprehensive scope and content of the guidelines.
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