Few studies have specifically investigated the inverse relationship between reduced quality of life in different domains and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) serum levels in older adults. Therefore, ...this study investigates the cross-sectional association between quality of life and inflammation in older Brazilian adults.
Data were collected from 1255 participants from the third wave (2010) of the Brazilian Health, Well-being and Aging study (SABE), a community-based cohort study of aging. Inflammation was assessed using CRP serum levels and quality of life (QoL) was measured using the 12-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12) questionnaire. The covariates included age, sex, education level, financial sufficiency, number of non-communicable diseases, self-reported doctor diagnosed diseases, Activity of Daily Living (ADL) difficulties, Body Mass Index (BMI), and waist circumference.
The fully adjusted models showed that older adults with low scores in the physical domain of the SF12 (OR 1.34, 95%CI 1.02;1.77) and high BMI values (> 30) (OR 2.05, 95%CI 1.50;2.81) were more likely to present high CRP serum levels.
Our findings suggest a significant association of lower scores in the physical domain of quality of life and the presence of obesity with high CRP serum levels.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
To describe the personal protective equipment training strategies during the beginning of the pandemic and to investigate the association between training and COVID-19 infection among healthcare ...workers.
This cross-sectional study conducted between March and May 2020 included 7,142 healthcare professionals who were eligible for both online and face-to-face simulation-based training on personal protective equipment use. Simulation training attendance was assessed by reviewing the attendance list, and the COVID-19 sick leave records recovered from the institutional RT-PCR database used to grant sick leave. The association between personal protective equipment training and COVID-19 was investigated using logistic regression, adjusted for sociodemographic and occupational characteristics.
The mean age was 36.9 years (± 8.3), and 72.6% of participants were female. A total of 5,502 (77.0%) professionals were trained: 3,012 (54.7%) through online training, 691 (12.6%) through face-to-face training, and 1,799 (32.7%) through both strategies. During the study period, 584 (8.2%) COVID-19 cases were diagnosed among these professionals. The number of positive RT-PCR tests was 180 (11.0%) for untrained professionals, 245 (8.1%) for those trained only online, 35 (5.1%) for those trained face-to-face, and 124 (6.9%) for those trained with both strategies (p<0.001). Participants who received face-to-face training had a 0.43 lower risk of contracting COVID-19.
Personal protective equipment training decreased the odds of COVID-19 among healthcare professionals, with face-to-face simulation-based training being most effective.
Elderly persons who live alone in Brazil and their lifestyle Negrini, Etienne Larissa Duim; Nascimento, Carla Ferreira do; Silva, Alexandre da ...
Revista brasileira de geriatria e gerontologia,
10/2018, Letnik:
21, Številka:
5
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Abstract Objective: to assess the prevalence of elderly persons living alone in Brazil, based on covariates of health status, behavior and socio-demographic characteristics. Method: data from 11,967 ...individuals (aged 60 or over) were obtained from the National Health Survey (Brazil, 2013). Living alone was defined as residing in a one-person household. The prevalence of individuals living alone was stratified by socio-demographic conditions and geographic region. Living alone was also assessed as a factor for outcomes of physical functioning, behavior and health conditions. Poisson regression models were used to evaluate the prevalence ratios and a 95% confidence interval was applied. Results: in Brazil, 15.3% of people aged 60 years and over live alone. This condition is more prevalent in higher income regions; however, more lower-income individuals were affected. Prevalence was higher among women and individuals aged 75 years or more. Living alone was associated with difficulties in instrumental activities of daily living (prevalence ratio 1.15; 95% confidence interval 1.04-1.28); the reporting of an illness in the two prior to the study (PR=1.35; 95%CI=1.16-1.57); watching television (five or more hours daily) (PR=1.40; 95%CI=1.26-1.56) and falls in the previous year (PR=1.35; 95%CI=1.10-1.66). Elderly persons living alone also had worse eating habits, with a less frequent intake of meat, beans and salads than their counterparts who lived with others. Conclusion: elderly persons living alone in Brazil have a worse health status and health-related habits. These findings represent a challenge and should motivate social and health policies aimed at fulfilling the greater needs of adults who grow old alone.
Resumo Objetivo: avaliar a prevalência de idosos morando sozinhos no Brasil, segundo condições de saúde, comportamento e características sociodemográficas. Método: dados de 11.967 indivíduos (60 anos ou mais) foram obtidos da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (Brasil, 2013). Morar sozinho foi definido por residir em domicílios unipessoais. A prevalência de indivíduos que moram sozinhos foi estratificada por condições sociodemográficas e regiões geográficas. Morar sozinho também foi avaliado como fator para resultados sobre funcionalidade física, comportamento e condições de saúde. Modelos de regressão de Poisson avaliaram razões de prevalência e intervalos de confiança (95%). Resultados: no Brasil, 15,3% das pessoas (60 anos ou mais) moram sozinhas. Essa condição foi ainda mais prevalente em regiões de renda mais elevada; mas foram mais afetados os indivíduos de baixa renda. Houve maior prevalência entre mulheres e pessoas com 75 anos ou mais. Morar sozinho foi associado a dificuldades nas atividades instrumentais da vida diária (razão de prevalência 1,15; intervalo de confiança de 95% 1,04-1,28); ao relato de alguma doença durante as duas semanas anteriores (RP=1,35; IC95%=1,16-1,57); assistir televisão (cinco ou mais horas diárias) (RP=1,40; IC95%=1,26-1,56) e quedas no último ano (RP=1,35; IC95%=1,10-1,66). Indivíduos idosos que moram sozinhos também relataram piores hábitos alimentares, menor consumo de carne, feijão e saladas do que seus colegas que moram acompanhados. Conclusão: os idosos que vivem sozinhos no Brasil apresentam pior estado de saúde e hábitos relacionados à saúde. Esses achados são desafiadores e devem impulsionar políticas sociais e de saúde para o atendimento das maiores necessidades dos adultos que envelhecem sozinhos.
Objetivo: verificar a prevalência e os fatores associados ao sobrepeso e à obesidade em adolescentes do ensino fundamental da rede municipal de Santos. Método: Um estudo transversal realizado em 2014 ...e 2015 quando foram aplicados questionários e realizadas medidas antropométricas em 680 adolescentes para obtenção do Índice de Massa Corpórea e Relação Cintura/Estatura. Realizou-se Teste Qui-Quadrado e o Modelo de Regressão Logística para estimar a associação de obesidade ou sobrepeso dos adolescentes segundo características de interesse. Adotou-se nível de significância menor ou igual a 0,05. Resultados: Observou-se uma prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade em 19,97% e 19,85%, respectivamente. Os adolescentes com Relação Cintura/Estatura igual ou superior à 0.50 apresentaram chance elevada de sobrepeso ou obesidade. Estudantes nascidos de parto normal estiveram protegidos em cerca de 27% para apresentar sobrepeso ou obesidade, porém esta relação não foi significante. Estudantes nascidos com peso inferior à 1500 gramas apresentaram chance elevada para ser obeso ou apresentar sobrepeso, os nascidos com peso entre 1500 e 2499 gramas apresentaram chance reduzida. Discussão: A prevalência de obesidade encontrada foi superior aos estudos realizados na década passada. Conclusão: Houve uma alta prevalência de sobrepeso/obesidade nos adolescentes do ensino fundamental da rede municipal da cidade de Santos. Os fatores associados, nesse estudo, foram o peso de nascimento e a Relação Cintura Estatura. ABSTRACTThe high prevalence of obesity in adolescents from municipal schools in Santos and associated factorsObjective: To verify the prevalence and factors associated with overweight and obesity among adolescents from elementary school in the municipal network of Santos. Method: A cross-sectional study conducted in 2014 and 2015 when questionnaires were applied and anthropometric measures were performed in 680 adolescents of the municipal network, in order to obtain the Body Mass Index and Waist / Stature Ratio. The Chi-Square test and the Logistic Regression Model were used to estimate the association between obesity and overweight in adolescents according to characteristics of interest. A significance level of less than or equal to 0.05 was adopted. Results: It was observed a prevalence of overweight and obesity in 19.97% and 19.85%, respectively. Adolescents with an Waist-to-height greater than or equal to 0.50 presented a high chance of being overweight or obese. Students born in normal birth were protected in about 27% to be overweight or obese, but this relation was not significant. Students born weighing less than 1500 grams had a high chance of being obese or overweight, those born with a weight between 1500 and 2499 grams had a reduced chance. Discussion: The prevalence of obesity was higher than in the previous decade. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of overweight / obesity in primary school adolescents in the city of Santos. The associated factors, in this study, were the birth weight and the Waist-to-height ratio.
Objective: To verify the prevalence and factors associated with overweight and obesity among adolescents from elementary school in the municipal network of Santos. Method: A cross-sectional study ...conducted in 2014 and 2015 when questionnaires were applied and anthropometric measures were performed in 680 adolescents of the municipal network, in order to obtain the Body Mass Index and Waist / Stature Ratio. The Chi-Square test and the Logistic Regression Model were used to estimate the association between obesity and overweight in adolescents according to characteristics of interest. A significance level of less than or equal to 0.05 was adopted. Results: It was observed a prevalence of overweight and obesity in 19.97% and 19.85%, respectively. Adolescents with an Waist-to-height greater than or equal to 0.50 presented a high chance of being overweight or obese. Students born in normal birth were protected in about 27% to be overweight or obese, but this relation was not significant. Students born weighing less than 1500 grams had a high chance of being obese or overweight, those born with a weight between 1500 and 2499 grams had a reduced chance. Discussion: The prevalence of obesity was higher than in the previous decade. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of overweight / obesity in primary school adolescents in the city of Santos. The associated factors, in this study, were the birth weight and the Waist-to-height ratio. Key words: Obesity. Adolescent. Association. Objetivo: verificar a prevalencia e os fatores associados ao sobrepeso e a obesidade em adolescentes do ensino fundamental da rede municipal de Santos. Metodo: Um estudo transversal realizado em 2014 e 2015 quando foram aplicados questionarios e realizadas medidas antropometricas em 680 adolescentes para obtencao do Indice de Massa Corporea e Relacao Cintura/Estatura. Realizou-se Teste Qui-Quadrado e o Modelo de Regressao Logistica para estimar a associacao de obesidade ou sobrepeso dos adolescentes segundo caracteristicas de interesse. Adotou-se nivel de significancia menor ou igual a 0,05. Resultados: Observouse uma prevalencia de sobrepeso e obesidade em 19,97% e 19,85%, respectivamente. Os adolescentes com Relacao Cintura/Estatura igual ou superior a 0.50 apresentaram chance elevada de sobrepeso ou obesidade. Estudantes nascidos de parto normal estiveram protegidos em cerca de 27% para apresentar sobrepeso ou obesidade, porem esta relacao nao foi significante. Estudantes nascidos com peso inferior a 1500 gramas apresentaram chance elevada para ser obeso ou apresentar sobrepeso, os nascidos com peso entre 1500 e 2499 gramas apresentaram chance reduzida. Discussao: A prevalencia de obesidade encontrada foi superior aos estudos realizados na decada passada. Conclusao: Houve uma alta prevalencia de sobrepeso/obesidade nos adolescentes do ensino fundamental da rede municipal da cidade de Santos. Os fatores associados, nesse estudo, foram o peso de nascimento e a Relacao Cintura Estatura. Palavras-chave: Obesidade. Adolescencia. Associacao.
Dado o acelerado processo de envelhecimento populacional vivenciado no Brasil e no mundo, é importante identificar quais as melhores maneiras de avaliar a saúde da pessoa idosa inserida na comunidade ...ou institucionalizada. Neste sentido, a Organização Mundial de Saúde preconiza a avaliação desta população por meio da condição funcional. Diferentes instrumentos se propõem a este fim, seja evidenciando o desempenho de atividades ou capacidade funcional, por métodos aferido ou referido. No entanto, existe grande diferença entre estas possíveis maneiras de avaliação da pessoa idosa e poucos estudos que abordem este tema. Objetivo: comparar a avaliação de atividades básicas de vida diária (ABVD) por meio do desempenho referido e aferido em pessoas idosas residentes na comunidade. Método: Estudo transversal que avaliou 40 idosos que realizavam tratamento ou acompanhamento médico em dois ambulatórios (clínica médica e ortopedia) no município de Londrina (PR). Esta amostra foi avaliada frente desempenho funcional por meio da Medida de Independência Funcional (MIF) e o desempenho referido foi verificado a partir da utilização de um questionário padronizado. Ao todo, 12 atividades básicas de vida diária foram avaliadas por ambos os métodos. Para possibilitar a comparação entre as respostas obtidas em cada instrumento, houve um processo de categorização no qual cada idoso era classificado como independente; tendo dificuldade ou utilizando adaptação para realizar a atividade; ou necessitando de ajuda. Foi utilizado o teste do coeficiente de Kappa e teste de correlação de Spearman para comparar a concordância entre os métodos de avaliação da condição funcional. Resultados: Os idosos residentes na comunidade apresentavam média etária de 71,6 anos (IC 95% 72,8;79,4) e maior proporção de mulheres (52,5) e a maioria dos participantes não apresenta comprometimento da função cognitiva. Dentre as atividades avaliadas, aquelas relacionadas ao uso e acesso ao vaso sanitário foram as que a presentaram menor concordância. Já locomoção, alimentação, controle de fezes, banho e vestir-se são aquelas mais comparáveis. Pela comparação entre os métodos de avaliação foi possível observar que a avaliação de modo aferido evidencia indivíduos com menor nível funcional frente a avaliação autorreferida das mesmas atividades. As dificuldades aferidas e referidas estiveram relacionadas com a condição de saúde do idoso avaliado, sendo que idosos provindos do ambulatório ortopédico apresentavam maior comprometimento de atividades que comprometiam membros superiores ou inferiores. Foi possível concluir que a avaliação de ABVD utilizando desempenho referido ou aferido apresenta respostas similares para maioria das atividades avaliadas, com grau de concordância substancial. No entanto, as respostas obtidas pelo método de avaliação autorreferido devem ser interpretadas com cautela, principalmente quando da avaliação do uso e acesso ao vaso sanitário. Os métodos de avaliação avaliados são complementares e quando possível ambos devem ser aplicados para avaliação funcional de pessoas idosas.
About the accelerated ageing process experienced in Brazil and the world, it is important to identify the best ways to check the health of the older persons inserted in the community. In this sense, the World Health Organization indicates the assessment of functional condition as good option to evaluate this population. Different instruments are proposed and it can be done by the assessment of capacity or performance, by measured or (self) reported methods. However, these methods are different and there are few studies that address this issue. Objective: To compare the evaluation of activities of daily living (ADL) by reported or measured performance in older adults living in community. Methods: Cross-sectional study that evaluated 40 subjects who were undergoing treatment or medical care at two clinics (generical medicine and orthopedics) in Londrina (PR). This sample was evaluated from the functional performance through the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and reported performance was observed from the use of a standardized questionnaire. Twelve ADL were assessed by both methods. To enable a comparison of obtained responses with each instrument, the subjects were classified as independent; with difficulty or using adaptation to perform the activity; or who needing help. We used the Kappa coefficient test to compare the agreement among the methods to assess functional condition. Results: community-dwelling older adults had a mean age of 71.6 years (95% CI 72.8; 79.4) and higher proportion of women (52.5) and most of the participants does not have impaired cognitive function. Among the activities evaluated, those related to the use and access to the toilet showed the least agreement. Already locomotion, feeding, control stool, bathing and dressing are those more comparable. In the comparison process, it was observed that the older adults had lower functional level when the assessment is made by measured performance against reported assessment of the same activities. The measured and reported difficulties were related to the health condition of the evaluated elderly, and older persons in treatment of orthopedic clinic had greater commitment in activities involving the arms or legs, structures in rehabilitation process. When we evaluated community-dwelling elderly, there was a higher level of agreement between measured functional condition and reported performance. We concluded that the evaluation of ABVD using measured or reported performance shows similar responses to most of the activities evaluated, with substantial degree of agreement. However, the responses obtained by self-reported assessment method should be interpreted with caution, especially when assessing the use of and access to toilet. The methods of this evaluation are complementary and it is a better option when both can be applied for functional assessment of elderly.
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