Fokus na pokus Dvojković, Karolina; Pavlović Šijanović, Sanja; Kristek, Kristina
Politehnika,
06/2020, Letnik:
4, Številka:
1
Paper, Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Prirodni procesi idealni su primjer za provođenje nastave usmjerene prema djelovanju koja daje učenicima mogućnost preuzimanja inicijative u učenju gdje radoznalost, kreativnost i eksperimentiranje s ...idejama nadmašuju zacrtani plan tradicionalne nastavne teme. Ako se u cijeli proces uključe interdisciplinarnost i informacijsko – komunikacijske tehnologije, teorijski koncepti postaju realistični, učenicima olakšavaju razumijevanje realnih događanja kojima svjedoče svaki dan. U našoj svakodnevici promatramo i doživljavamo stanja flore i faune kroz osjetila za miris, sluh, vid itd. Međutim, postoji mogućnost dokazivanja da se mogu doživjeti i druge informacije u našoj okolini. Paralelnim snimanjem i bilježenjem u vidljivom i infracrvenom spektru dobivamo dvostruke informacije naše okoline. Kako izgledaju objekti i priroda u bliskom infracrvenom spektru? Informacije koje nose objekti, biljke i živa bića u bliskom infracrvenom spektru moguće je usporediti sa doživljajem u spektru kojega percipira naše oko. Postoji korelacija refleksije svjetla između vizualne i infracrvene apsorpcije. Razlika vizualne i infracrvene apsorpcije svjetla na flori i fauni omogućuje kamuflaže u kretanju i u okolišu. Skrivanje u flori i fauni posebno je zanimljivo. U radu pokazujemo sinkroniziranu interdisciplinarnost i primjenu tehnologije u odgojno – obrazovnom procesu u kojemu se uspostavlja odnos sa „stvarnim životom“, životnim okruženjem učenika, uzajamnom povezanosti stvari u životu sa svim ostalim aspektima određene znanosti, discipline ili predmeta, a rezultat je aktivnosti koje u sinergiji provode učenici prirodoslovno-matematičkog usmjerenja i nastavnici.
Fokus na pokus Dvojković, Karolina; Pavlović Šijanović, Sanja; Kristek, Kristina
Politehnika (Online),
06/2020, Letnik:
4, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Natural processes are an ideal example of actionoriented teaching that gives students the opportunity to take the initiative in learning where curiosity, creativity, and experimentation with ideas go ...beyond the set scenario of a traditional teaching topic. If interdisciplinarity and information and communication technologies are included in the process, theoretical concepts become realistic, making it easier for students to understand the real events they witness every day. In our everyday life, we observe and experience the state of flora and fauna through the senses of smell, hearing, sight, etc. However, there is the possibility of proving that other information can be experienced in our environment. By parallel recording in the visible and infrared spectrum, we obtain double information about our environment. What do objects and nature look like in the nearinfrared spectrum? The information carried by objects, plants, and living beings in the near-infrared spectrum can be compared to the experience in the spectrum perceived by our eye. There is a correlation of light reflection between visual and infrared absorption. The difference between visual and infrared light absorption on flora and fauna allows camouflage in motion and in the environment. Hiding in flora and fauna is especially interesting. The paper shows the synchronized interdisciplinarity and application of technology in the educational process in which a relationship is established with "real life", the living environment of students, and the interconnectedness of things in life with all other aspects of science, discipline or subject. The result is activities that are carried out in synergy by students of science and mathematics and teachers.
Abiotic and biotic stresses, such as mineral nutrition deficiency (especially nitrogen) and
attack, pose a global threat with devastating impact on wheat yield and quality losses worldwide. This ...preliminary study aimed to determine the effect of
inoculation and two different nitrogen levels on oxidative status and antioxidative response in nine wheat varieties. Level of lipid peroxidation, activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase), phenolics, and chloroplast pigments content were measured. In general, wheat variety, nitrogen, and
treatment had an impact on all tested parameters. The most significant effect had a low nitrogen level itself, which mostly decreased activities of all antioxidant enzymes and reduced the chloroplast pigment content. At low nitrogen level,
treatment increased activities of some antioxidative enzymes, while in a condition of high nitrogen levels, antioxidative enzyme activities were mostly decreased due to
treatment. The obtained results provided a better understanding on wheat defense mechanisms against
under different nitrogen treatments and can serve as an additional tool in assessing wheat tolerance to various environmental stress conditions.
Fusarium head blight and inadequate nitrogen fertilization can cause numerous biochemical changes in wheat. The main aim of this study was to determine the effects of Fusarium inoculation and a ...broader range of different nitrogen fertilization on the defense response in the spikes of four wheat varieties, varying in FHB susceptibility. Total soluble phenolics content, activities of enzymes involved in phenol metabolism (PAL and PPO), and total antioxidant capacity were determined as indicators of defense response. In both growing seasons, Fusarium inoculation altered PHE content in wheat spikes, indicating involvement of PHE in the defense response to Fusarium attack. Increased PHE content in the partially resistant varieties (Apache and Graindor) indicates involvement of PHE in the defense response and better disease tolerance in the more resistant varieties. Breeding wheat varieties with enhanced PHE synthesis could be a promising strategy to control FHB. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that emphasizes the effects of Fusarium infection and a broader range of different nitrogen fertilization on PHE and enzymes involved in PHE metabolism. In addition, this is the first study using the FRAP method to determine the antioxidant capacity of wheat tissues under the influence of Fusarium infection and different nitrogen fertilization.
Fusarium head blight and inadequate nitrogen fertilization can cause numerous biochemical changes in wheat. The main aim of this study was to determine the effects of Fusarium inoculation and a ...broader range of different nitrogen fertilization on the defense response in the spikes of four wheat varieties, varying in FHB susceptibility. Total soluble phenolics content, activities of enzymes involved in phenol metabolism (PAL and PPO), and total antioxidant capacity were determined as indicators of defense response. In both growing seasons, Fusarium inoculation altered PHE content in wheat spikes, indicating involvement of PHE in the defense response to Fusarium attack. Increased PHE content in the partially resistant varieties (Apache and Graindor) indicates involvement of PHE in the defense response and better disease tolerance in the more resistant varieties. Breeding wheat varieties with enhanced PHE synthesis could be a promising strategy to control FHB. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that emphasizes the effects of Fusarium infection and a broader range of different nitrogen fertilization on PHE and enzymes involved in PHE metabolism. In addition, this is the first study using the FRAP method to determine the antioxidant capacity of wheat tissues under the influence of Fusarium infection and different nitrogen fertilization.
Pri uzgoju je pšenica izložena brojnim abiotičkim i/ili biotičkim stresnim čimbenicima koji mogu negativno
djelovati na prinos i kvalitetu. U ovome je radu analiziran utjecaj abiotičkoga stresa ...uzrokovanog deficitom
dušika i biotičkoga stresa izazvanog fitopatogenom gljivom Fusarium culmorum na biomarkere oksidacijskoga
stresa u listu zastavičaru devet sorata ozime pšenice (Ficko, U-1, Galloper, BC Mandica, BC Opsesija, Ingenio,
Isengrain, Felix i Bezostaya-1). Kao pokazatelji oksidacijskoga stresa mjereni su koncentracija vodikova
peroksida i razina lipidne peroksidacije, dok je antioksidacijski odgovor određen mjerenjem koncentracije
fenolnih spojeva i aktivnosti antioksidacijskih enzima. Sorta pšenice i tretman dušikom imali su značajan
utjecaj na sve ispitivane biomarkere oksidacijskoga stresa u listu zastavičaru, dok je utjecaj tretmana gljivom
Fusarium bio manje izražen. Najznačajniji utjecaj na mjerene pokazatelje stresa imao je uzgoj u uvjetima niske
razine dušika, pri čemu je u većini sorata vidljiv trend povećanja koncentracije vodikova peroksida i razine
lipidne peroksidacije te smanjenja aktivnosti antioksidacijskih enzima. Dobiveni su rezultati prokomentirani
i uspoređeni s prijašnjim rezultatima biokemijskih analiza provedenih na klasu pšenice. Značajno jake
korelacije između lista zastavičara i klasa u mjerenim parametrima nije bilo, što uz sortno-specifični odgovor
upućuje i na tkivno-specifičan antioksidacijski odgovor.
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