The thermodynamic consistency of binary vapor–liquid equilibrium data has been examined for 46 binary alcohol
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hydrocarbon systems with 310 data sets in total (145 isobaric and 165 isothermal sets) ...using the PAI test proposed in our previous study. The PAI test permits an overall check of the data by combining three tests: a point test, an area test, and an infinite dilution test. In this work, the PAI test was incorporated with the NRTL equation for fitting data. The results of the PAI test for the vapor–liquid equilibrium data showed that the PAI test was able to strictly select reliable data.
Clinical studies on cefpirome (CPR), a new cephem antibiotic, were investigated in 39 cases of surgical infections. 1. Blood levels were determined by HPLC and bioassay method after intravenous ...administration of CPR 1 g. The mean levels were 71.7±19.9μg/ml immediately after drip infusion, and 9.0 ±4.6μg/ml after 6 h. Maximum levels in urine were 1300-3230 μg/ml at 1-2 h. 2. Maximum levels in several human tissues, such as the gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, thyroid, subcutaneous fat, peritoneum and omentum, were 44.6, 15.9, 11.4, 9.31, 14.1, 22.8 and 11.1 μg/g at about 4 h after intravenous administration of CPR 1 g, respectively. 3.As to transfer of CPR into bile in patients with an indwelling T-tube, the maximum level was dose-dependedly 27.9μg/ml and 55.3 μg/ml 2 h after administration of CPR 1 g or 2 g. 4.In two patients with gastric cancer received intravenously CPR 1 g, peak levels of CPR in ascitic fluid were 13.9 and 22.5μg/ml at 3 h after drip infusion on the first postoperative day. 5.The clinical result in 15 patients, (2 with diffuse peritonitis, 1 with abdominal abscess, 8 with cholecystitis, and 4 with cholangitis), was excellent in 1, good in 10, fair in 3 and unknown in 1, with a clinical efficacy rate being 78.6%. As abnormal laboratory findings, elevated BUN and creatinine in only one case were noted.
Biapenem (BIPM) is a new 4β methyl carbapenem antibiotic with a broad antibacterial activity against various types of bacteria and is stable to human renal dehydropeptidase-I. Clinical investigations ...on BIPM in surgical filed were carried out, and the results were as follows; 1) The concentration of BIPM in plasma and bile were determined in 4 PTCD patients receiving 60 min intravenous drip design infusion of 300 and 600mg of BIPM by crosover design. Peak levels were plasma, 19.2±9.1 and 39.8±19.5g/ml after completion of infusion and thore in bile, were 45±16 and 117±6.1g/ml at 1h, respectivery. It was clearly observed a dose response in plasma and bile levels of BIPM between 300 and 600mg administration. 2) BIPM after a single intravenous infusion of 600mg for 60min showed the fast and good penetration to the abdominal wall and intraabdominal organ tissues: the peak concentration in each tissue was 5.6 (stomach), 0.16 (liver), 2.6 (gallbladder), 0.9 (pancreas), 1.1 (spleen), 3.3 (peritnneum), 3.1 (muscle), and 0.9g/g (subcutanous tissue), respectivery. 3) BIPM at a dose of 300mg was administered once to three times daily for 2 to 14 days to 45 patients: 10 with peritonitis, 6 with appendicitis or diverticulitis, 3 with abdominal abscess, 4 with liver abscess, 7 with cholecystitis or cholangitis, 2 with wound infection, 11 with periproctal abscess and 2 with subcutaneous abscess. The clinical efficacy was excellent in 17 patinets, good in 26, fair in 1 and poor in 1, and the efficacy rate was 95.6%. Bacteriological affects of BIPM in 31 patients were 90.3%. Abnormal laboratory data were observed elevated GOT and GPT and increased platelet count each in 1 patient. Therefore, BIPM in expected to be a useful antibacterial agent surgical infections.
