In this project, a series of hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolites with various mesopore sizes were synthesized by using trimethylbenzene (TMB), decane and dodecanethiol as micellar expanders. Firstly, an ...environment was designed to investigate the effect of different concentrations of micellar expanders on the formation of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) micelles. Then, the results were used to synthesize hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolites. The dynamic light scattering technique was employed to characterize the micelle formation mechanism besides determining the size of the micelles. Also, SEM, BET and XRD analyses were used to characterize the hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolites. The results showed that each micellar expander has a different interaction with CTAB molecules which helped us to prepare a desirable hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolite with different pore sizes and structures. By using this strategy, we succeeded to synthesize three different hierarchical microporous/mesoporous zeolites with enlarged pores at around 5, 7 and 10 nm.
Graphical abstract
Some dermatological diseases can be life-threatening. Urticaria and angioedema are common reasons for patients to seek treatment at an emergency department. Severe, generalized urticaria and ...angioedema can endanger patients' lives by involving the airways and causing anaphylactic shock. The humor-based Persian Medicine (PM) concepts of
and
, referring to two kinds of skin lesions, have similarities to urticaria and angioedema, respectively. This article aims to provide scientific evidence regarding the application of PM as an early intervention strategy in the emergency management of urticaria and angioedema.
This was a narrative review of PM studies identified by searching medical databases using search terms related to these diseases, as well as risk-associated keywords such as "fatal", "death", "life-threatening", "emergency", "cupping", and "bloodletting". Data were then compared, interpreted, and analyzed.
PM scholars consider the human body as a unified whole and believe in an inner power (Nature) which stems from the body. When the presence of excessive hot substances cause an imbalance of bodily humors, Nature directs their heated vapors sharply toward the skin, thus causing
and
. If there is a high risk of inflammation spreading to vital organs under severe conditions, urgent manual interventions are crucial.
In serious conditions of urticaria and angioedema,
or bloodletting and
can be effective in speeding up the control of lesions and reducing morbidity and mortality. Consequently, the development of integrated Persian and conventional medicines may provide new therapeutic pathways for skin emergencies.
Objectives. Neonatal jaundice or hyperbilirubinemia is one of the common findings in neonatal medicine. Severe disease can cause neurological damage and even Kernicterus. Magnesium ion is the most ...important N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist. The most commonly used treatment for jaundice is phototherapy, but the effect of phototherapy on serum magnesium is less investigated. In this study, we aim to investigate the effects of phototherapy on total serum magnesium levels in icteric neonates. Methods. This prospective cohort study was carried out on 160 neonates with jaundice referring to the Besat Hospital of Hamadan. Based on the bilirubin level, newborns were divided into three subgroups of mild, moderate, and severe disease which were subjected to single, double, and intensive phototherapy, respectively. Serum bilirubin and magnesium levels were measured before and after phototherapy and compared using parametric tests. Results. Subjects have a mean intrauterine age of 38.8 weeks and a jaundice onset age of 3.8 days. In all groups, serum magnesium levels were within the normal range before phototherapy. After phototherapy, on the other hand, the most reduction of total serum magnesium was in the double phototherapy group, which was −0.13±0.42 mg/dl (P=0.018). The change in serum magnesium level was not significant in the single phototherapy (−0.02±0.25) and intensive phototherapy (−13.55±2.73) groups (P>0.05). Conclusion. In the present study, serum magnesium did not increase significantly before the treatment in three groups. After treatment, a significant reduction was seen in the double phototherapy group.
Background and aims: Surgery is an important and life-saving health service that can treat many of the congenital anomalies. This study aimed to investigate the possible causes and outcomes of ...non-cardiac surgeries in newborns admitted to the neonatal invasive care unit (NICU) department of Be’sat Hospital in Hamadan during the period 2011 to 2017. Methods: This study included all neonates (482 newborns) who were admitted to the NICU department of Be’sat hospital during the period 2011-2017 due to non-cardiac surgery, and had hospital records. The required information was extracted from their hospital records and the surgical outcomes and complications were analyzed with respect to other variables such as the gender, type of delivery, gestational age, birth weight, and disease. Results: According to our study results, 80.5% of the newborns had the gastrointestinal disease which was the most common cause of surgery found in this study. Moreover, imperforated anus (20.8%) and esophageal atresia (17.1%) were among the most common disorders. Esophageal atresia (33.9%) was detected to be the most common disease among the newborns who died during the course of the study. The results from the study showed that the outcome of surgery had statistically significant relationship with gender (P=0.011), type of breastfeeding/feeding (P<0.001), gestational age (P<0.001), and birth weight (P<0.001). Conclusion: Fetal examinations during pregnancy and neonatal care immediately after birth were recommended for early diagnosis of esophageal atresia, diaphragmatic hernia, and imperforated anus. Since gender (male), breastfeeding, normal gestational age, and normal birth weight had a significantly positive effect on surgery outcome, higher quality care was also recommended for infants lacking these characteristics.
Introduction: Hyperbilirubinemia is a common complication among neonates. The objective of this cross-sectional study was the prevalence of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency among ...neonates with hyperbilirubinemia in the west of Iran. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, the records of neonates with hyperbilirubinemia who were hospitalised in Hamadan located in the west of Iran, from 2011 to 2016 were reviewed. After reviewing and studying each of the mentioned files, the necessary information was entered in the relevant checklists. Then, the neonates were divided into two groups, including the group with G6PD enzyme deficiency in the case study group and the G6PD enzyme-free group in the control study group. All statistical analyses were conducted in SPSS version 21 software and P < 0.05 was statistically considered significant. Results: A total of 1545 neonates with hyperbilirubinemia was reviewed. Among them, 40 neonates were in the case group and 1505 were in the control group. The prevalence of G6PD deficiency in the present study was 2.58% among neonates with hyperbilirubinemia which has a similar gender distribution. There were statistically significant differences between case and control groups based on total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, reticulocyte count, time of appearance of jaundice, duration of receiving phototherapy and hospitalisation (P < 0.05). Conclusion: We proposed that cord blood G6PD screening be conducted among neonates. This can be affected in identifying G6PD-deficient neonates who might require a longer hospital stay after birth, with monitoring of their serum bilirubin before and after discharge.
Background and purpose: Urticaria is one of the most widespread skin inflammatory diseases that reduce the quality of life, especially in chronic cases. Considering the very close compatibility of ...urticaria and angioedema with Shara and Mashara in Persian Medicine, this paper aimed at comparing their signs, symptoms, and etiology and suggests a more comprehensive diagnostic perspective and paves the way for further researches. Materials and methods: This narrative review was conducted using the main manuscripts of Persian medicine and international medical databases using relevant keywords such as urticaria, angioedema, Shara, Mashara, etc. Data were then compared, interpreted, and analyzed. Results: The symptoms of urticaria and angioedema such as sudden nocturnal pruritus and the causes of increased heat in the body were found to be similar to those of Shara and Mashara. The cascade of inflammatory factors, dilation, and increased permeability of blood vessels can be comparable to sudden movement of the vapor of warm blood to narrowed pores of the skin. Conclusion: Persian and conventional medicine share similar perspectives on urticaria and angioedema. The food digestion process and function of the body's major organs in production of healthy blood are too important. Therefore, integrating Persian and conventional medicine could be effective in diagnosis and treatment of these inflammatory diseases.
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