The aim of this project was to study the kinetics of both Tl and Tc-99m MIBI in PBM by evaluating tumor to normal tissue ratio in early (E) images acquired within 1/2 hour and delayed (D) images ...acquired three hours following the i.v. injection of 3 mCi (111 MBq) of Tl and 20 mCi (740 MBq) of MIBI on 2 separate days in 49 patients. The washout index was calculated from E ratio minus D ratio divided by E ratio. A negative ratio indicating build up of activity in D images and a positive ratio indicated washout of activity from the E images. In addition, the findings were correlated with the following immunohistochemical parameters: pathological grading, number of cells in mitotic division (PCNA- Ki-67), angiogenesis (well formed and ill formed blood vessels) and presence or absence of Bcl 2 Oncogene (release antiapoptotic signals). Results showed that in all benign and malignant lesions, MIBI showed consistent washout varying from 19-27% while with Tl, there was persistent washout in all benign lesions and mixed washout or buildup varying from +16% to minus 17% in malignant lesions, (E) ratios showed a reasonable correlation between Tl and MIBI (r = 0.5). There was more significant correlation between the D ratios (r = 0.8). Due to high (E) MIBI uptake ratios and their higher percentage of washout than Tl, delayed ratios came close to each other. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed benign lesions presented with low mitotic rate: Ki-67 (71.4%), PCNA (14.2%), low amount of ill formed blood vessels (42.8%) and high amount well formed blood vessels (100%). While malignant lesions presented with high mitotic rate Ki-67 was (96.7%), PCNA (100%), high amount of ill formed blood vessels (73.3% in GII and 100% in Grade III) and less amount of well formed blood vessels of 90% and 83.4% in Grade II and III respectively. Bcl-2 was variable in both benign and malignant lesions with 71.4% in benign, 73.4% in GII and 16.7 in GIII malignancy. In conclusion, early uptake ratio in both benign and malignant tumors is related to the degree of angiogenesis, percentage of ill formed blood vessels, high mitotic activity reflected by high grade of tumor and high percentage of PCNA and Ki-67.
It is widely accepted that the Epstein-Barr virus is etiologically associated with the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The human papillomavirus is also associated with inverted papilloma. We ...used the polymerase chain reaction technique to detect both viruses in both types of tumors. Flow cytometry was also used to study the DNA pattern and proliferative behavior of the tumors in relation to the viruses. EBV was detected in 13/20 (65%) of NPC specimens, and in none of IP (n = 10) or control specimens (n = 10). This indicates the contribution of EBV as an etiologic factor in NPC. Five cases of NPC (25%) were positive for HPV 16, two of them were EBV positive. Four HPV 16 positive cases were found among cases with inverted papilloma, but none among the control cases. Flow cytometry revealed that all NPC, IP, and control samples were diploid except one aneuploid NPC sample. Proliferative capacity (PC) of primary tumors was predictive of tumor recurrence in NPC. Using 13.6% as a cut-off point for PC, we were able to discriminate between high risk and low risk groups with 100% sensitivity and 86% specificity. PC can be used as a baseline prognostic parameter in NPC, making it possible to modify courses of treatment in an attempt to inhibit tumor recurrence.
I.
The influence of sowing dates (Oct. 21, Nov. 10, Nov. 30 and Dec. 21), weed control treatments using Brominal, Tribunil herbicides as compared to hand weeding and unweeded treatments on the yield ...performance of newly released spring wheat varieties (Sakha 8, Sakha 61 and Giza 157 was studied during 1980/81, 1981/82 and 1982/83 seasons. According to the combined analysis the results could be summarized as follows:
1
Sowing date had significant effect on grain yield and some other characters such as plant height, days to heading and maturity, weight of grains per spike and 1000‐grain weight. Highest grain yield was obtained when wheat was sown during Nov. Dry weight of weeds was not significantly affected by sowing date.
2
Differences between cultivars reached to the significant level in plant height, spike length, number of grains per spike and 1000‐grain weight.
3
Weed control treatments had significant effect on most studied traits. Grain yield was nearly the same when Tribunil (3.5 kg/ha), Brominal (2.4 1/ha) or hand weeding was used. Grain yield of unweed treatment decreased by 10.9%, 10.9% and 9.8% compared to the former treatments, respectively.
4
Data showed that Tribunil was more effective on both grassy and broad leaved weeds, however, Brominal was effective only on broad leaved.
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