Advances in fruit aroma volatile research El Hadi, Muna Ahmed Mohamed; Zhang, Feng-Jie; Wu, Fei-Fei ...
Molecules,
07/2013, Letnik:
18, Številka:
7
Journal Article, Book Review
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Fruits produce a range of volatile compounds that make up their characteristic aromas and contribute to their flavor. Fruit volatile compounds are mainly comprised of esters, alcohols, aldehydes, ...ketones, lactones, terpenoids and apocarotenoids. Many factors affect volatile composition, including the genetic makeup, degree of maturity, environmental conditions, postharvest handling and storage. There are several pathways involved in volatile biosynthesis starting from lipids, amino acids, terpenoids and carotenoids. Once the basic skeletons are produced via these pathways, the diversity of volatiles is achieved via additional modification reactions such as acylation, methylation, oxidation/reduction and cyclic ring closure. In this paper, we review the composition of fruit aroma, the characteristic aroma compounds of several representative fruits, the factors affecting aroma volatile, and the biosynthetic pathways of volatile aroma compounds. We anticipate that this review would provide some critical information for profound research on fruit aroma components and their manipulation during development and storage.
Abstract Paeonia ostii is an industrial crop with broad prospects, and folks have habit of drinking its stamen tea in China, but its beneficial healthy effects remain largely unclear. Here, we ...identified its main active components, evaluated its antioxidant activity, and examined its safety property and its beneficial effects in the model animal Caenorhabditis elegans. The results showed that P. ostii stamen (POS) contained many active components with high antioxidant activity. Moreover, POS tea did not cause lethality, influence growth, locomotion behavior and reproduction, and induce intestinal autofluorescence in C. elegans. Furthermore, 1.2 mg·mL-1 of POS tea treatment significantly extended the lifespan and improved growth, locomotion behavior and intestinal autofluorescence of C. elegans, while its reproduction and Escherichia coli OP50 growth were not affected. In addition, POS tea treatment significantly induced stress resistance to extend the lifespan of C. elegans under heat stress and oxidative stress conditions. All these suggested that POS tea was safe and had beneficial healthy effects, which could provide a theoretical basis for its production and popularization.
Abstract Paeonia ostii is an industrial crop with broad prospects, and folks have habit of drinking its stamen tea in China, but its beneficial healthy effects remain largely unclear. Here, we ...identified its main active components, evaluated its antioxidant activity, and examined its safety property and its beneficial effects in the model animal Caenorhabditis elegans. The results showed that P. ostii stamen (POS) contained many active components with high antioxidant activity. Moreover, POS tea did not cause lethality, influence growth, locomotion behavior and reproduction, and induce intestinal autofluorescence in C. elegans. Furthermore, 1.2 mg·mL-1 of POS tea treatment significantly extended the lifespan and improved growth, locomotion behavior and intestinal autofluorescence of C. elegans, while its reproduction and Escherichia coli OP50 growth were not affected. In addition, POS tea treatment significantly induced stress resistance to extend the lifespan of C. elegans under heat stress and oxidative stress conditions. All these suggested that POS tea was safe and had beneficial healthy effects, which could provide a theoretical basis for its production and popularization.
Qatar, a country with a strong health system and a diverse population consisting mainly of expatriate residents, has experienced two large waves of COVID-19 outbreak. In this study, we report on 2634 ...SARS-CoV-2 whole-genome sequences from infected patients in Qatar between March-2020 and March-2021, representing 1.5% of all positive cases in this period. Despite the restrictions on international travel, the viruses sampled from the populace of Qatar mirrored nearly the entire global population’s genomic diversity with nine predominant viral lineages that were sustained by local transmission chains and the emergence of mutations that are likely to have originated in Qatar. We reported an increased number of mutations and deletions in B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 lineages in a short period. These findings raise the imperative need to continue the ongoing genomic surveillance that has been an integral part of the national response to monitor the SARS-CoV-2 profile and re-emergence in Qatar.
One Health is increasingly recognized as an optimal approach to address the global risk of health threats originating at the human, animal, and ecosystem interface, and their impact. Qatar has ...successfully practiced One Health approach for investigation and surveillance of zoonotic diseases such as MERS-CoV, and other health threats. However, the current gaps at institution and policy level hinder the sustainment of One Health. In this paper, we have assessed the potential for implementation of One Health Framework to reinforce and sustain One Health capacities in Qatar for 2022–2027. To implement One Health Framework in the country, Qatar Joint External Evaluation (JEE) report, lessons learnt during One Health experiences on zoonotic, vector-borne, and food borne diseases were used to present an outline for multisectoral coordination. In addition, technical capacities of One Health and factors that are required to operationalize it in the country were also assessed in series of meetings and workshops held at Ministry of Public Health on March 2022. Present health care infrastructure and resources were found to be conducive for effective management and response to shared health threats as evident during MERS-CoV, despite being more event based. Regardless, the need for more sustainable capacity development was unanimously emphasized. The consensus between all relevant stakeholders and partners was that there is a need for better communication channels, policies and protocols for data sharing, and the need to invest more resources for better sustainability. The proposed framework is expected to strengthen and facilitate multilateral coordination, enhanced laboratory capacity and network, improve active surveillance and response, risk communication, community engagement, maximize applied research, and build One Health technical work force. This would enable advancement and sustainment of One Health activities to prevent and control health threats shared between humans-animals-ecosystem interface.
•MERS-CoV in Qatar constituted the catalyst for One Health Framework (OHF) development.•Technical capacities of One Health and factors that are required to operationalize this approach were evaluated.•Healthcare infrastructure and resources were found to be conducive for effective management and response to health threats.•Needs are emphasizing better communication channels, policies, and protocols for data sharing, and invest resources.•OHF proposes to strengthen multilateral coordination, improve active surveillance and response and build OH technical work force.
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