This article examines Ingmar Bergman's first (and only) television adaptations of dramatist August Strindberg: The Storm (1960) and A Dream Play (1963). Both were broadcast live and favorably ...received by contemporary critics. A recurrent reaction was that television finally "did justice" to these plays from the early 20th century; implying, as did Raymond Williams in his 1974 book on television, that Strindberg's later drama somehow "anticipated" television. This claim is explored in relation to various thematic and formal expressions of temporality in both plays (motifs of enclosed spaces, telephones, clouds, and faces and the dialectics of progress and repetition) and the specificities of television (the "management of liveness," " mobile privatization," monitoring, etc.). The type of historicity involved in the claim that art may anticipate oncoming media technology is related to Walter Benjamin's notion of pre- and post-history.
Media Times Kaun, Anne; Fornäs, Johan; Ericson, Staffan
International journal of communication,
2016, Letnik:
10
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The Special Section presents the work of the Scandinavian network Mediatization Times, which has gathered scholars with diverse backgrounds to discuss the complex relationship between time and the ...media. The contributions link to discussions of history and memory, liveness, and simultaneous presence as well as cultural techniques and infrastructures for temporal mediation. The section suggests that there is a renewed need to discuss temporal aspects of media and social change in the context of digital culture.
The objective was to examine injury rates and associated risk factors in a representative sample of climbers. A random sample (n=606) of the Swedish Climbing Association members was sent a postal ...survey, with an effective response rate of 63%. Self‐reported data regarding climbing history, safety practices and retrospective accounts of injury events (recall period 1.5 years) were obtained. Descriptive statistical methods were used to calculate injury incidences, and a two‐step method including zero‐inflated Poisson's regression analysis of re‐injuries was used to determine the combination of risk factors that best explained individual injury rates. Overall, 4.2 injuries per 1000 climbing hours were reported, overuse injuries accounting for 93% of all injuries. Inflammatory tissue damages to fingers and wrists were the most common injury types. The multivariate analysis showed that overweight and practicing bouldering generally implied an increased primary injury risk, while there was a higher re‐injury risk among male climbers and a lower risk among the older climbers. The high percentage of overuse injuries implies that climbing hours and loads should be gradually and systematically increased, and climbers regularly controlled for signs and symptoms of overuse. Further study of the association between body mass index and climbing injury is warranted.
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Purpose. Both heart rate variability (HRV) and inflammatory markers are carrying prognostic information in coronary heart disease (CHD), however, we know of no studies examining their relation in ...CHD. The aim of this study, therefore, was to assess the association between HRV and inflammatory activity, as reflected by the levels of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), IL‐1 receptor antagonist (IL‐1ra) and C‐reactive protein (CRP).
Subjects and methods. Consecutive women patients who survived hospitalization for acute myocardial infarction, and/or underwent a percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty or a coronary artery bypass grafting were included and evaluated in a stable condition 1 year after the index events. An ambulatory 24‐h ECG was recorded during normal activities. SDNN index (mean of the standard deviations of all normal to normal intervals for all 5‐min segments of the entire recording) and the following frequency domain parameters were assessed: total power, high frequency (HF) power, low frequency (LF) power and very low frequency (VLF) power. Levels of high‐sensitivity CRP were measured by nephelometry, IL‐6 and IL‐1ra concentrations were determined by enzyme immunoassay.
Results. Levels of IL‐6 showed an inverse relation with HRV measures even after controlling for potential confounding factors. The P‐values were 0.02, 0.04, 0.01, 0.03, 0.18 for the multivariate association with SDDN index, total power, VLF power, LF power and HF power respectively. In contrast, the inverse relationship between HRV measures and CRP or IL‐1ra levels were weak and nonsignificant. Correlation coefficients for the relationship between IL‐6 and HRV measures were both uni‐ and multivariately higher than for the relationship between HRV measures and any other factors evaluated in this study.
Conclusion. Concentration of IL‐6 showed a negative, independent association with HRV in women with CHD. Thus, increased inflammatory activity, as reflected by IL‐6 levels, may represent a new auxiliary mechanism linking decreased HRV to poor prognosis in CHD.
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