Različite studije o produkciji vijesti u Njemačkoj i SAD-u pokazale su da je
novinarski proces stvaranja tekstova u velikoj mjeri rutinski. Postoje više ili
manje rutinski i institucionalizirani ...načini prikupljanja, izbora i objavljivanja
informacija. Metodom analize tekstova mjerili smo dvije varijable (tip događaja
i provjerljivost izvora) na uzorku slovenskih dnevnih novina (Delo, Dnevnik
i Večer). Naša analiza potvrđuje hipotezu da se rutinizira novinarski posao
u tranzicijskom razdoblju (od 1990. do 2000.). Povećava se korištenje izvora
službi za odnose s javnošću i drugih institucionaliziranih izvora, posebice u
najvećem slovenskom dnevniku Delo. Novinarsko izvještavanje godine 2000.
većinom se temelji na pseudodogađajima i rutinskim zbivanjima, a smanjuje se
aktivno novinarsko djelovanje. Naše istraživanje također otkriva da se povećao
udio netransparentnog navođenja izvora. Zaključak je da sve veću rutinizaciju
slovenskoga novinarstva možemo pripisati (i) tranzicijskim promjenama
u društvu, posebice onim gospodarskim, te komercijalizaciji masovnih medija,
što je potaknulo promjene u procesu novinarskog rada.
In this chapter we focus on the media portrayal content of a specific traumatic event and journalists’ discourse about it in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIH). Despite the growing role and authority of ...journalists in shaping our understanding of collective pasts, the possible role of journalists as active agents in contributing to heightening tensions has been marginalized. Analyzing media texts can demonstrate how a “specific, limited truth” about the start of war in BIH is being selected, instrumentalized, and legitimized in the public awareness. Focus on journalists’ perceptions of war and positive post-violence offers an understanding of different views about the start of the war, and guilt. This is why the basic research questions here deal with how journalists in BIH represent the violent past. Specifically, how do they cover a specific traumatic event and what are their perceptions about possibilities of realizing positive post-violence? Research on post-conflict processes looks at the ways in which people attempt to recreate their social fabric in ways appropriated to the changes in their social environment. Thus, the larger question that we are interested in here is whether journalists, like storytellers, frame their stories according to their ethnical belonging and the cultural environment? Furthermore, what media conditions might make possible positive post-violence after violent conflict?
Plasmids exhibit great diversity of gene content and host ranges and are famous for quick adaptation to the genetic background of the bacterial host cell. In addition to observing ever evolving ...plasmids, some plasmids have conserved backbones: a stable core composition and arrangement of genes in addition to variable regions. There are a few reports of extremely conserved plasmids. Here we report the complete sequence of pRK100 plasmid – a large, well-characterized conjugative F-like plasmid found in an Escherichia coli strain isolated from a urinary tract infection patient in 1990. The sequence shows that the 142 kb-long pRK100 plasmid is nearly identical to plasmids circulating in distant geographical locations and found in different host E. coli strains between 2007 and 2017. We also performed additional functional characterization of pRK100. Our results showed that pRK100 does not have a strong pathogenicity phenotype in porcine primary bladder epithelial cell culture. Moreover, the conjugation of pRK100 seems to strongly depend on recipient characteristics. These observations and identification of the pRK100 plasmid in different strain genotypes leave the extreme sequence conservation and broad distribution of this plasmid unexplained.
•Conjugative pRK100 is a 142 kb-long multireplicon plasmid.•pRK100 plasmid contains multiple virulence factors, such as toxin/antitoxin pairs and iron uptake systems.•pRK100 is uniquely conserved for over 20 years and found around the world.
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