A single-phase current-limiting transformer has been developed based on flux transfer. The transformer consists of two independent iron cores, one primary coil, two separate secondary coils, and ...superconducting windings/loops. Two iron cores are in a mechanical contact and clamped. Superconducting windings/loops act as coupling/decoupling mechanism between two iron cores. The transformer has been made operational via a switchgear of the applied dc current for a potential use in the current limitation when the transition between the superconducting and normal (quench) states can be triggered. DC and ac currents can be applied simultaneously in fault and no-fault conditions to mimic the realistic cases of use. With decoupling ac energy transfer, we propose that conventional switching off may be replaced with the approach described.
Objective The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of adult attention deficit- hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) co morbidity with primer SAD, and the influence of this co morbidity on ...various demographic and clinical variables in patients. Method 108 patients were applied DSM-IV (SCID-I) and diagnosed as SAD. These patients were assessed with Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale version 1.1 (ASRS v 1.1), 85 (78.7%) of these patients who fulfilled 4 and more item, were assed with K-SADS-PL (Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children—Present and Lifetime Version) ADHD module. The patients also evaluated with LSAS, BDI, GAF, SDS (Sheehan Disability Scale). 41 patients, who were diagnosed with SAD and comorbid current active ADHD (SAD- ADHD group) compared with 43 SAD patients without lifetime ADHD (SAD- without ADHD group) in terms of sociodemographical, clinical features and scales. Results 65 patients met the diagnostic criteria for adult ADHD. Of these patients, 31 were predominantly inattentive type, 3 were predominantly hyperactive type, 7 were combined type, 24 patients were diagnosed as ADHD-NOS. Conclusion The rates of the co morbidity ADHD in SAD patients were higher (especially inattentive dominant type). In the presence of comorbid ADHD, the severity of SAD increases and functioning decreases, and the course of SAD are influenced. In the presence of ADHD, antidepressant induced hypomanic switch occurs more frequently (26.8% to 0%).
In this paper, we report the doping effects of succinic acid, C
4
H
6
O
4
(from 0 to 30 wt%) on the lattice parameter, critical temperature (
T
c
), critical current density (
J
c
), upper critical ...field (
H
c2
), and irreversibility field (
H
irr
) in MgB
2
superconductor. It was found that MgB
2
doped with 10 wt% C
4
H
6
O
4
and sintered at 900 °C exhibited excellent
J
c
above 10
4
A cm
−2
at 5 K and 8 T. Impurity scattering due to C substitution, improved crystallinity and the least amount of MgO in 10 wt% doped sample improves
J
c
very significantly. The MgO amount is rapidly increased in 20 and 30 wt% doped samples which causes a strong depression of
J
c
,
H
c2
,
H
irr
due to poor inter and intra-grain connectivity.
► Silicone oil addition enhances the flux pinning mechanism leading to higher Jc’s. ► 600°C can lead to a reduction of the lattice parameters and RRR values. ► Significant enhancement of Hc2, Hirr. ► ...In-field magnetic and transport Jc–H are observed to increase. ► Enhancement of n-value are also observed in the sample sintered at 600°C.
The effects of sintering temperature on the lattice parameters, full width at half maximum (FWHM), strain, critical temperature (Tc), critical current density (Jc), irreversibility field (Hirr), upper critical field (Hc2), and resistivity (ρ) of 10wt.% silicone oil doped MgB2 bulk and wire samples are investigated in state of the art by this article. The a-lattice parameter of the silicone oil doped samples which were sintered at different temperatures was drastically reduced from 3.0864Å to 3.0745Å, compared to the un-doped samples, which indicates the substitution of the carbon (C) into the boron sites. It was found that sintered samples at the low temperature of 600°C shows more lattice distortion by more C-substitution and higher strain, lower Tc, higher impurity scattering, and enhancement of both magnetic Jc and Hc2, compared to those sintered samples at high temperatures. The flux pinning mechanism has been analyzed based on the extended normalized pinning force density fp=Fp/Fp,max scaled with b=B/Bmax. Results show that surface pinning is the dominant pinning mechanism for the doped sample sintered at the low temperature of 600°C, while point pinning is dominant for the un-doped sample. The powder in tube (PIT) MgB2 wire was also fabricated by using of this liquid doping and found that both transport Jc and n-factor increased which proves this cheap and abundant silicone oil doping can be a good candidate for industrial application.
The aim of this study is to identify the effects of formalism in teaching on primary and secondary school mathematics teacher trainees' algebraic and geometric interpretations of the notions of ...linear dependency/independency. Quantitative research methods are drawn in order to determine differences in success levels between algebraic and geometric interpretations of the linear dependency/independency of vectors presented in two- and three-dimensional space. On the other hand, qualitative research methods were utilized in order to investigate thinking modes involved in the geometric interpretation of the same notion. The participants were a total of 144 teacher trainees registered at the Selçuk University, Education Faculty in 2007-2008 academic year. 33 participants were first year students at Secondary Mathematics Education Department, while 111 were second year students at Primary Mathematics Education Department. The results indicated that correlations between the formal definition of the notions of linear dependency/independency and the items of the test which required algebraic and geometric interpretation were both low. Yet, the correlation for the algebraic dimension of the test was higher than the geometric dimension. Likewise, algebraic mean success score was significantly higher than the geometric mean score.
We develop elasticity theory to predict the energies of topological defects in carbon nanostructures. The theory is a simple, quantitatively accurate and transferable continuum approach to predicting ...defect formation energies that obviates the need for computationally expensive quantum mechanical methods. Thus the theory has the potential to serve as the basis for thermodynamic and multi-scale modelling of the structural properties of carbon nanostructures.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Meats are considered a valuable part of the human diet and a best source of B-group vitamins. Thus, investigations that measure the losses by cooking and bioaccessibilities of micronutrients are ...crucial to knowing the vitamin amounts in meats. The aim of this research was to investigate the content and loss of thiamine in meats by four different cooking practices, boiling, roasting, grilling, and frying, and to determine the bioaccessibility of thiamine in cooked meats by a simulated in vitro human gastrointestinal digestion system. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to detect the contents of thiamine in each raw and cooked meat. In raw meats, the measured thiamine amounts varied from 58.67 to 159 µg/100 g. After cooking, the amounts of thiamine ranged between 21 – 93 µg/100 g. While the lowest thiamine loss was determined in the boiled mutton thigh (8%), the highest loss was found in roasted veal thigh and mutton sleeve with 64%. The bioaccessibilities of thiamine in meats after digestion ranged from 12 to 83 µg/100 g. The highest thiamine bioaccessibility was in the grilled veal chop with 91%, while the lowest bioaccessibility was found in the roasted mutton sleeve with 12%. The bioaccessibility of vitamins may be remarkably influenced by factors such as stability, pH of the gastrointestinal tract, and temperature. Determining the bioaccessibility of thiamine in meats after cooking and digestion is important for the correct evaluation of the daily intake values ??of these vitamins.
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