•We model intensive production of shrimp considering partial harvesting strategies.•Improving management can increase production from 2690 to 3524kgha−1.•Reduction in variability is obtained by ...improving management and increasing farm size.•Final weight of shrimp, and length of daily aeration are the most important factors.
Partial harvesting is an alternative for managing cash flow of aquaculture farms. We use deterministic and stochastic models to analyze zootechnical, water quality and management factors influencing intensive production of shrimp when incorporating partial harvesting strategies. Data from a commercial farm in the State of Nayarit, Mexico were used for modeling. The main factors affecting shrimp production and its variability were: final weight and growth rate of shrimp, water temperature, pond size, length of daily aeration, and the time when the first partial harvest is conducted. Using the largest pond size (4.0ha), minimum length of aeration (7.5h), and first harvesting at 8.5 weeks resulted in a minimum total harvest of 2690kgha−1 (partial and final harvests of 643, 269, 1075, and 703kgha−1). Using the smallest pond size (1.0ha), maximum length of aeration (7.9h), and first harvesting at 11.5 weeks resulted in a maximum total harvest of 3524kgha−1 (partial and final harvests of 1111, 234, 997, and 1182kgha−1). The increase in shrimp production from improved management was 31%. The stochastic model showed that increasing farm size from 1 to 40ha diminished the variability of shrimp production by 84.0%, meaning a reduction of 2.2% per hectare as size increased. Sensitivity analysis indicated that, overall, final weight of shrimp and length of aeration are the most important factors determining production. The models can be used to determine, in future research, the optimum harvesting strategy, using a bioeconomic approach.
Sierra Rica is a mountain island located in the plains of the northeastern region of the Chihuahua Desert and has a diversity of vegetation patterns. To study this patterns the vegetation was ...characterized using GIS and cluster analysis, which identified five community types: pine forest (780 ha), oak forest (1640 ha), grassland (550 ha), desert scrub (866 ha), and rosetophyllous desert scrubland (628 ha). By the use of TWINSPAN software, four main vegetation groups containing 10 main plant associations were identified: (1) Pinus-Quercus forest, (2) grassland, (3) pine forest, (4) Rhus-Juniperus, (5) Pinus-Quercus and xeric species, (6) grassland-desert scrub, (7) desert microphyll scrub, (8) Quercus-Aloysia-Bouteloua association, (9) Acacia constricta scrubland, and (10) Larrea tridentata scrubland. The association among groups and species was significant (P < 0.0001). The subsequent analysis shows a high dependence among species inside the main groups and independence between groups.
Sierra Rica es una montaña aislada ubicada en las planicies del noreste del Desierto Chihuahuense, presentando variación en la vegetación. La vegetación se clasificó por medio de SIG, el cual mostró cinco diferentes tipos de vegetación: bosque de pino (780 ha), bosque de encino (1640 ha), pastizal (550 ha), matorral desértico micrófilo (866 ha) y matorral desértico rosetófilo (628 ha). Para las asociaciones vegetales se utilizó un análisis de conglomerados mediante el programa TWINSPAN. Este análisis generó cuatro grupos principales, de los cuales se derivan 10 asociaciones vegetales: (1) bosque de Pinus-Quercus, (2) pastizal, (3) bosque de pino, (4) Rhus-Juniperus, (5) Pinus-Quercus y especies xéricas, (6) pastizal-matorral desértico, (7) matorral desértico micrófilo, (8) matorral de Quercus-Aloysia-Bouteloua, (9) Acacia constricta y (10) matorral de Larrea tridentata. La asociación entre cada uno de los grupos con las especies fue significativa (P < 0.0001). El análisis de correspondencias muestra una alta dependencia entre grupos con las especies e independencia entre grupos.
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Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NMLJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
El propósito del presente artículo sobre los bonos de carbono es transmitir soluciones para la mitigación del carbono que emiten las empresas industriales y que permita favorecer el medio ambiente ...mediante certificaciones e incentivos a las empresas que cumplan con los requisitos ya propuestos dentro Mecanismo de Desarrollo Limpio MDL. El mercado del carbono, también conocido como certificado de emisiones reducidas es un mecanismo donde su principal objetivo es ayudar a países en vías de desarrollo a cumplir con las reducciones de gases de efecto invernadero. Los proyectos del mercado de bonos de carbono permiten que los países industrializados y empresas contaminantes reduzcan sus emisiones de GEI a través de proyectos de energía renovables.
carbono que emiten las empresas industriales y que permita favorecer el medio ambiente mediante certificaciones e incentivos a las empresas que cumplan con los requisitos ya propuestos dentro ...Mecanismo de Desarrollo Limpio MDL. El mercado del carbono, también conocido como certificado de emisiones reducidas es un mecanismo donde su principal objetivo es ayudar a países en vías de desarrollo a cumplir con las reducciones de gases de efecto invernadero. Los proyectos del mercado de bonos de carbono permiten que los países ndustrializados y empresas contaminantes reduzcan sus emisiones de GEI a través de proyectos de energía renovables.
Our work group designed and synthesized a promissory compound N-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propylpentanamide (HO-AAVPA). The HO-AAVPA is a HDAC1 inhibitor and antiproliferative in cancer cell lines. ...However, HO-AAVPA is poor water solubility and enzymatically metabolized. In this work, the fourth-generation poly(amidoamine) dendrimer (PAMAM-G4) was used as a drug deliver carrier of HO-AAVPA. Moreover, HO-AAVPA and HO-AAVPA-PAMAM complex were submitted to forced degradation studies (heat, acid, base, oxidation and sunlight). Also, the HO-AAVPA-PAMAM-G4 complex was assayed as antiproliferative in a breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). The HO-AAVPA-PAMAM-G4 complex was obtained by docking and experimentally using three pH conditions: acid (pH = 3.0), neutral (pH = 7.0) and basic (pH = 9.0) showing that PAMAM-G4 captureand protect the HO-AAVPA from forced degradation, it is due to sunlight yielded a by-product from HO-AAVPA. In addition, the PAMAM-G4 favored the HO-AAVPA water solubility under basic and neutral pH conditions with significant difference (F
= 259.9, p < 0.001) between the slopes of the three conditions being the basic condition which solubilizes the greatest amount of HO-AAVPA. Finally, the HO-AAVPA-PAMAM-G4 complex showed better antiproliferative effects on MCF-7 (IC
= 75.3 μM) than HO-AAVPA (IC
= 192 μM). These results evidence that PAMAM-G4 complex improve the biological effects of HO-AAVPA.
Industrial chlorinated solvents continue to be among the most significant issues in groundwater (GW) pollution worldwide. This study assesses the effectiveness of eight novel oxidation treatments, ...including persulfate (PS), ferrous sulfate, sulfidated nano-zero valent iron (S-nZVI), and potassium ferrate, along with their combinations, for the potential in situ remediation of GW polluted with chlorinated solvents (1,2-dichloroethylene, trichloroethylene, and tetrachloroethylene). Our bench-scale results reveal that the combined addition of PS and S-nZVI can effectively eliminate trichloroethylene (10 µg/L), achieving removal rates of up to 80% and 92% within 1 h, respectively, when using synthetic GW. In the case of real GW, this combination achieved removal rates of 69, 99, and 92% for cis-1,2-dichloroethylene, trichloroethylene, and tetrachloroethylene, respectively, within 24 h. Therefore, this proposed remediation solution resulted in a significant reduction in the environmental risk quotient, shifting it from a high-risk (1.1) to a low-risk (0.2) scenario. Furthermore, the absence of transformation products, such as vinyl chloride, suggests the suitability of employing this solution for the in situ remediation of GW polluted with chlorinated solvents.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules recognized as important regulators of gene expression. Although plant miRNAs have been extensively studied in model systems, less is known in other plants ...with limited genome sequence data. We are interested in the identification of miRNAs in Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean) to uncover different plant strategies to cope with adverse conditions and because of its relevance as a crop in developing countries. Here we present the identification of conserved and candidate novel miRNAs in P. vulgaris present in different organs and growth conditions, including drought, abscisic acid treatment, and Rhizobium infection. We also identified cDNA sequences in public databases that represent the corresponding miRNA precursors. In addition, we predicted and validated target mRNAs amongst reported EST and cDNAs for P. vulgaris. We propose that the novel miRNAs present in common bean and other legumes, are involved in regulation of legume-specific processes including adaptation to diverse external cues.
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•Non-surviving COVID-19 patients have higher levels of anti-RBD IgA antibodies.•IL-6, IL-10, sFas and granulysin discriminate surviving and non-surviving patients.•Intestinal ...permeability markers are increased in patients with secondary infections.•Increased intestinal permeability may be a source of these secondary infections.
The clinical presentation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), ranges between mild respiratory symptoms and a severe disease that shares many of the features of sepsis. Sepsis is a deregulated response to infection that causes life-threatening organ failure. During sepsis, the intestinal epithelial cells are affected, causing an increase in intestinal permeability and allowing microbial translocation from the intestine to the circulation, which exacerbates the inflammatory response. Here we studied patients with moderate, severe and critical COVID-19 by measuring a panel of molecules representative of the innate and adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2, which also reflect the presence of systemic inflammation and the state of the intestinal barrier. We found that non-surviving COVID-19 patients had higher levels of low-affinity anti-RBD IgA antibodies than surviving patients, which may be a response to increased microbial translocation. We identified sFas and granulysin, in addition to IL-6 and IL-10, as possible early biomarkers with high sensitivity (>73 %) and specificity (>51 %) to discriminate between surviving and non-surviving COVID-19 patients. Finally, we found that the microbial metabolite d-lactate and the tight junction regulator zonulin were increased in the serum of patients with severe COVID-19 and in COVID-19 patients with secondary infections, suggesting that increased intestinal permeability may be a source of secondary infections in these patients. COVID-19 patients with secondary infections had higher disease severity and mortality than patients without these infections, indicating that intestinal permeability markers could provide complementary information to the serum cytokines for the early identification of COVID-19 patients with a high risk of a fatal outcome.
Current computer systems are accumulating huge amounts of information in several application domains. The outbreak of COVID-19 has increased rekindled interest in the use of data mining techniques ...for the analysis of factors that are related to the emergence of an epidemic. Data mining techniques are being used in the analysis and interpretation of information, which helps in the discovery of patterns, planning of isolation policies, and even predicting the speed of proliferation of contagion in a viral disease such as COVID-19. This research provides a comprehensive study of various data mining algorithms that are used in conjunction with epidemiological prediction models. The document considers that there is an opportunity to improve or develop tools that offer an accurate prognosis in the management of viral diseases through the use of data mining tools, based on a comparative study of 35 research papers.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is the leading cause of lower extremity amputation worldwide and is directly associated with comorbidity, disability and mortality. Oxidative stress mechanisms have been ...implicated in the pathogenesis of these wounds. Intra‐lesional infiltration of epidermal growth factor has emerged as a potential therapeutic alternative to allow for physiological benefit while avoiding the proteolytic environment at the centre of the wound. The aim of this study was to characterise the response of patients with DFUs to epidermal growth factor treatment in terms of redox status markers. Experimental groups included patients with DFUs before and 3–4 weeks after starting treatment with epidermal growth factor; compensated and non‐compensated diabetic patients without ulcers; and age‐matched non‐diabetic subjects. Evaluations comprised serum levels of oxidative stress and antioxidant reserve markers. Patients with DFUs exhibited the most disheveled biochemical profile, with elevated oxidative stress and low antioxidant reserves, with respect to non‐ulcerated diabetic patients and to non‐diabetic subjects. Epidermal growth factor intra‐lesional administration was associated with a significant recovery of oxidative stress and antioxidant reserve markers. Altogether, our results indicate that epidermal growth factor intra‐ulcer therapy contributes to restore systemic redox balance in patients with DFUs.
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