Both human genes and environmental exposures, due to complex interplay, play important role in the cancer etiology. Vitamin D is associated with a reduced risk of incidence and mortality of several ...human cancers. This study will aim to investigate the possible effects of individual polymorphisms in vitamin D receptor (VDR) as well as effects of VDR haplotypes on response to vitamin D supplementation in breast cancer survivors.
This is an interventional study in which the effects of vitamin D supplementation on plasma vitamin D levels, inflammatory and antioxidant biomarkers and factors associated with cell proliferation, differentiation, damage, and apoptosis will be investigated stratified by variations in VDR genotype. The present study will be conducted on breast cancer survivors referred to the Shohadaye Tajrish hospital and its associated clinics. One hundred ninety-eight breast cancer survivors will receive 4000 IU of vitamin D3 daily for 12 weeks. VDR Fok1, ApaI, TaqI, BsmI, and Cdx-2 genotype will be determined at the end of the study and responses to vitamin D supplements (inflammatory, antioxidant, cell proliferation, differentiation, damage, and apoptosis biomarkers) will be compared between the three subgroups of each VDR polymorphism as well as different VDR haplotype categories.
Genetic variation is a fundamental factor influencing individuals' divergent responses to diet, nutritional status, metabolic response, and diet-related health disorders. Furthermore, studies of gene and environment interactions will provide a precise and accurate assessments of individuals' dietary requirements by considering both the genetic and environmental aspects simultaneously. The results of the current study, to some extent, will highlight the discrepancies existing in the findings of different studies regarding vitamin D, VDR, and cancer by considering both the genetic and environmental aspects simultaneously. If responses to vitamin D supplementation could be modified by VDR SNPs, determining the distribution of VDR polymorphisms in both breast cancer survivors and healthy populations will provide a new insight into the vitamin D requirements of individuals to prevent cancer and its related mortality based on their genotypes. Trial registration This trial has been registered on Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) under the identification code: IRCT2017091736244N1, registration date: 2017-11-10, http://www.irct.ir/trial/27153.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the main cause of death and is characterized by atherosclerosis in coronary arteries. Inflammation plays a crucial role in the progression and development of ...atherosclerosis.
The present study consisted of 132 Iranian individuals who underwent coronary angiography, 65 patients with CAD, and 67 controls. The matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), TNF-α, IL-6, and vitamin D serum levels were measured by the ELISA technique. The gene expression of MMP-9 and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMP-1) was estimated by real-time PCR assay.
A considerable increase in levels and PBMC gene expression of MMP-9 and serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were found in CAD patients compared with controls. A significant decrease was detected in vitamin D levels of CAD patients in comparison with controls. A considerable direct correlation was found between MMP-9 levels and MMP-9 and TIMP1 gene expression in CAD patients. MMP-9 levels positively correlated with LDL-C in CAD patients. The correlation between TIMP1 gene expression and IL-6 levels was also negatively significant. There were positive correlations between MMP-9 levels with IL-6 and TNF-α serum levels in CAD patients.
This study showed that the interaction between MMPs, TIMP1, and cytokines could play a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The present study suggested that high levels of TNF-α and IL-6 and vitamin D deficiency in our studied patients could disturb the MMP-9/TIMP-1 balance and lipid metabolism, leading to plaque formation/ rupture in predisposed CAD patients.
ABSTRACT The effect of ethanolic mulberry leaf extract (MLE) and mulberry leaf powder (MLP) on glycemic control, serum adiponectin, visfatin and lipid profile in type2 diabetic rats have been ...investigated. 30 male wistar rats randomly divided into 5 groups. One group was randomly assigned as control (I) and diabetes was induced in others by administration of streptozotocin (STZ) (55 mg/kg body weight) 15 minutes after the administration of nicotinamide (110 mg/kg body weight) intraperitoneally. Finally, fasting blood glucose (FBG), lipid profile, adiponectin and visfatin were assessed after 6 weeks. Lipid profiles including serum FBG, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL) and visfatin significantly decreased and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and adiponectin increased in the two groups of treated diabetic rats in comparison to the diabetic control (p<0.05). For all the investigated factors, there was no significant difference between two treatment methods. However, MLP was more effective than MLE in improving visfatin. Results showed that MLE and MLP possess hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities and play an important role in regulating the secretion of adipokines such as adiponectin and visfatin.
ABSTRACT Morous Alba, known as white mulberry contains many oxidative flavonoids, widely used in the treatment of many diseases like hyperglycemia, inflammation, fever and cancer. In the present ...study we investigated the interaction of extracted flavonoids from Iranian Morus Alba leaves with DNA as a main target for anticancer drugs. Various spectroscopic techniques (UV/Vis, CD and Fluorescence Spectroscopy) were used to detect the interaction. In vivo studies also were done to confirm the effectiveness of the extracted flavonoids. The spectroscopic results showed that the extracted flavonoids bind to DNA especially to the sugar-phosphate backbone and making DNA conformational changes upon this binding. Experiments on the cancerous mice with solid tumors indicated that the treatment of mice with these extracted flavonoids increased significantly the life span but they did not have any effects on the tumor size reduction. These data suggest that Morus Alba flavonoids may use as an effective natural anticancer drug in the near future.
is a prevalent sexually transmitted infection cause trichomoniasis. In this study prevalence and genotype of Iranian isolates of
infected (dsRNA) viruses were evaluated by PCR-RFLP and obtained ...patterns were then confirmed by sequence analysis and genotype of these Iranian isolates confirmed again.
Ten strains of
were collected from 1700 vaginal samples of women referred to hospitals associated with Iran University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran during Feb 2016 to Jul 2017, evaluated in points of infection to
Virus (TVV-1) were used in a PCR-RFLP. All of ten isolates of T. vaginalis were examined by designed nested PCR for actin gene and then digestion patterns of three endonuclease enzymes of HindII, MseI and RsaI were evaluated and genotype of these isolates was defined.
By combination of fragments pattern of three enzymes of HindII, RsaI and MseI, three genotypes were found; six genotypes E, two genotypes G and two genotypes I. The most dominant genotypes were genotype E. Among four TVV infected isolates two genotype E, one genotype G and one genotype I were found, however among six uninfected
isolates to TVV-1, all of three genotypes were also found.
Three genotypes E, G and I in
infected with dsRNA isolates were found, however, these three genotypes in
without virus were also observed. Further study is needed to evaluate genotypes of
, which infected virus in more great T. vaginalis population.
ABSTRACT This work aimed to determine whether seropositivity to Helicobacter pylori infection was an independent risk factor for hyperhomocysteinemia patients with cardiovascular disease. The H. ...pylori IgG, IgA and homocystein levels in 96 patients with cardiovascular disease and 64 participants free of cardiovascular disease as control subjects were determined by ELISA assay. The results showed that seropositivity to H. pylori IgG and IgA levels of coronary artery disease (CAD)patients was significantly higher than the controls and CAD patients with H. pylori IgG and IgA negative antibodies. A significant correlation was found between the seropositivity to H. pylori IgG and homocysteine levels of CAD patients in comparison with the controls and CAD patients with seronegativity to H. pylori IgG and IgA (r=0.233, P= 0.019 ). The involvement of H. pylori infection in atherosclerosis process was based on the chronic inflammation, which might facilitate the CAD-related pathologies. The effect of the presence of H. pylori infection on homocysteine levels elevation in the CAD patients (as a risk factor independent of other traditional factors) was remarkable.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune and inflammatory disease. Our study aimed to determine the effect of saffron supplement on clinical outcomes and metabolic profiles in patients with ...active RA. In this randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial, 66 women older than 18 years old received 100 mg/day either saffron supplement in the intervention group (n = 33) or matched placebo in the placebo group (n = 33) for a period of 12 weeks. Sixty‐one patients (30 in the control and 31 in the saffron group) remained for the final analysis. No adverse effects were reported by the patients. Saffron supplementation significantly decreased the number of tender (−1.38 ± 1.66 vs. 0.10 ± 0.40, p < .001) and swollen (−2.12 ± 2.34 vs. 0.63 ± 2.79, p < .001) joints, pain intensity based on visual analogue scale (−18.36 ± 15.07 vs. −2.33 ± 5.04), p < .001), and disease activity score (DAS28) (−0.75 ± 0.67 vs. 0.26 ± 0.77, p < .001) at the end of intervention between the two groups and in saffron group compared with baseline values. Physician Global Assessment (p = .002) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were significantly improved after intervention (24.06 ± 12.66 vs. 32.00 ± 14.75, p = 0.028). High‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein reduced at the end of the intervention in the saffron group compared with baseline values (12.00 ± 7.40 vs. 8.82 ± 7.930, p = .004). Tumor necrosis factor alpha, interferon gamma, and malondialdehyde were decreased, and total antioxidant capacity were increased, but their differences between the two groups were not significant (p > .05). According to the results, saffron supplements could positively and significantly improve clinical outcomes in RA patients.
Aberrant DNA methylation has been shown to inactivate tumor suppressor genes during carcinogenesis. MicroRNA-149 (miR-149) was recently demonstrated to function as a tumor suppressor gene in ...glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). However, the potential linkage of miR-149 levels and the underlying epigenetic regulatory mechanism in human GBM has not been studied. We used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to investigate the levels of miR-149 in GBM tissues, their matched adjacent normal tissues, and glioblastoma U87MG cell line. Using bisulfite genomic sequencing technology, DNA methylation status of upstream region of miR-149 was evaluated in study population groups and the U87MG cell line. After treatment of cells with 5-aza-2′-deoxycitidine (5-aza-dC), the DNA methylation status, gene expression, and target protein levels of miR-149 were investigated. Our studies revealed that methylation and expression levels of miR-149 were significantly increased and decreased, respectively in GBM patients relative to the adjacent normal tissues (P < 0.01). MiR-149 suppressed the expression of AKT1 and cyclin D1 and reduced the proliferative activities of the U87MG cell line. Treatment of U87MG cells with 5-aza-dC reversed the hypermethylation status of miR-149, enhanced the expression of its gene, and decreased target mRNA and proteins levels (P < 0.01). These findings suggest that the methylation mechanism is associated with decreased expression levels of miR-149, which may in turn lead to the increased levels of its oncogenic target proteins.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Obesity is one of the major public health concerns that is closely associated with obesity-related disorders such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, and atherosclerosis. ...Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease characterized by excess cholesterol deposition in the arterial intima and the formation of foam cells. Adipocytokines or adipokines are secreted by the adipose tissue as endocrine glands; adiponectin and adipolin are among these adipokines that are associated with obese and insulin-resistant phenotypes.
Adipolin and adiponectin are cytokines that exert substantial impact on obesity, progression of atherosclerosis, insulin resistance, and glucose metabolism. In this paper, we review the formation of macrophage foam cells, which are associated with atherosclerosis, and the macrophage mechanism, which includes uptake, esterification, and release.
We also summarize current information on adipose tissue-derived hormone and energy homeostasis in obesity. Finally, the role of adipokines, e.g., adipoline and adiponectin, in regulating metabolic, cardiovascular diseases is discussed.
•Cardiovascular disease has the highest mortality rate in the world.•Adipolin and adiponectin improves glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity.•Adipolin is involved in insulin signaling by increasing the phosphorylation of proteins such as MAPK, Akt, and IRS.•Adipoline and adiponectin can prove promising for cardiovascular disease treatment.
Atherosclerosis as a progressive inflammatory disease is the main cause of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). Multiple genetic and environmental factors are involved in susceptibility to atherosclerotic ...vascular diseases. FOXO1 gene acts as a key molecular proinflammatory transcription factor and the FBOX32 gene as an F-box protein plays pivotal roles in regulation of muscle atrophy and inhibition of the pathologic cardiac hypertrophy. MiR-27a has been reported to contribute to atherosclerosis prevention and the inflammatory processes of atherosclerosis. MicroRNA-23a has been found to promote atherosclerotic plaque progression and vulnerability. Hence, given the importance of these subjects, the present study was carried out to investigate the expression levels of the desired genes.
In this case-control study, 82 patients with CAD and 80 healthy controls were investigated. Expression levels of miRNAs -27a and 23a, FOXO1, Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) in the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs), serum concentration of IL6 and TNF-α of the studied subjects were evaluated using the real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique. The correlation between the variables was also investigated.
Results of the study demonstrated that expression of FOXO1, IL-6, TNF-α, miR-27a, and miR-23a increased in the PBMCs of the patients with CAD and their expression levels were significantly correlated with the severity of stenosis. A significant decrease was observed in the expression of SIRT1 in the patients with CAD compared to the healthy controls. Furthermore, the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to find the effectiveness of FOXO1 and miRNA-27a gene expression as a diagnostic marker for CAD.
Findings of the study suggested that miRs-27a and FOXO1 genes have a potential role in the progression of atherosclerosis and mediate the molecular and genetic disturbances of the intracellular communication in the atherosclerosis.