Photothermal Therapy
In article number 2301739, Wenbo Hu and co‐workers present an excimer‐mediated intermolecular nonradiative (interNR) decay channel to produce a giant photothermal effect for ...high‐efficient in vivo phototheranostics. A deep understanding of the interNR decay provides novel guidelines for developing more advanced organic photothermal materials.
Additive manufacturing has significant advantages in complex parts of the vehicle manufacturing. As additive manufacturing is a kind of precise production activity, different components of ...manufacturing instruments need to be located in appropriate positions to ensure accuracy. The visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) can be considered to be a practical means for this purpose. Considering dynamic characteristics of additive manufacturing scenarios, this paper constructs a deep learning-enhanced robust SLAM approach for production monitoring of additive manufacturing. The proposed method combines the semantic segmentation technique with the motion-consistency detection algorithm together. Firstly, the Transformer-based backbone network is used to segment the images to establish the a prior semantic information of dynamic objects. Next, the feature points of dynamic objects are projected by the motion-consistency detection algorithm. Then, the static feature points are adopted for feature matching and position estimation. In addition, we conducted a couple of experiments to test function of the proposed method. The obtained results show that the proposal can have excellent performance to promote realistic additive manufacturing process. As for numerical results, the proposal can improve image segmentation effect about 10% to 15% in terms of scenarios of visual SLAM-based additive manufacturing.
Coxsackievirus A2 (CV-A2) has emerged as an important etiological agent in the hand, foot, and mouth disease and herpangina pathogen spectrum because of its high global prevalence. In the present ...study, we investigated the evolutionary dynamics of CV-A2 circulating in China. We analyzed a total of 163 entire VP1 sequences of CV-A2, including 74 sequences generated from the present study and 89 sequences collected from the GenBank database. Phylogenetic analysis based on the entire VP1 nucleotide sequences confirmed the persistent circulation of the predominant genotype D in mainland of China since 2008. Cluster analysis grouped the sequences into two distinct clusters, clusters 1 and 2, with most grouped under cluster 2. After 2012, cluster 1 was gradually replaced by cluster 2. Results of Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo analysis suggested that multiple lineages of genotype D were transmitted in mainland of China at an estimated evolutionary rate of 6.32×10(-3) substitutions per site per year, which is consistent with the global evolutionary rate of CV-A2 (5.82×10(-3) substitutions per site per year). Continuous transmission and evolution of CV-A2 resulted in the genetic polymorphism.
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Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
•A theoretical model of the vibration system under load was first developed.•A experiment was conducted to explore the influence of thermo-mechanical load on vibration system.•An ultrasonic vibration ...drilling test was performed to verify the theoretical analysis and the experimental results.
The vibrational characteristics of ultrasonic vibration system play an important role in the stability and processing effect in ultrasonic machining. In this study, a theoretical analysis and experimental verification were employed to investigate the effect of the thermo-mechanical load on the vibrational characteristics of ultrasonic vibration system. Initially, a dynamic model was designed to analyze the influence of the thermo-mechanical load on the vibration characteristics. Based on the model, the single variable method was adopted to explore the effect of different mechanical loading and the rigidity coefficient of the tool on the vibrational characteristics. Then the experiment was conducted by imposing variable loads on the tool end face, and the amplitude, current, frequency and temperature of ultrasonic system were measured. Finally, the ultrasonic vibration drilling test was conducted to verify the experimental results. It was observed that the ultrasonic amplitude initially increased and later decreased with the increase in static load. In addition, with the increase in static load, the thermal effect was significant and the ultrasonic frequency presented a similar tendency, as the ultrasonic amplitude. Meanwhile, the variation of ultrasonic frequency was not significant under the thermo-mechanical load. The results of this study could provide a favorable reference in the design of an ultrasonic vibration system and selection the different tools in ultrasonic machining.
Abstract It is well-known that multimodal imaging can integrate the advantages of different imaging modalities by overcoming their individual limitations. As ultra-high field magnetic resonance ...imaging (MRI) will be inevitably used in future MRI/X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanner, it is highly expected to develop high-performance nano-contrast agents for ultra-high field MR and CT dual-modality imaging, which has not been reported yet. Moreover, specific behavior of nano-contrast agents for ultra-high field MRI is a challenging work and still remains unknown. Herein, a novel type of NaHoF4 nanoparticles (NPs) with varied particle sizes were synthesized and explored as high-performance dual-modality contrast agents for ultra-high field MR and CT imaging. The specific X-ray absorption and MR relaxivity enhancements with varied nanoparticle diameters (3 nm, 7 nm, 13 nm and 29 nm) under different magnetic field (1.5/3.0/7.0 T) are investigated. Based on experimental results and theoretical analysis, the Curie and dipolar relaxation mechanisms of NaHoF4 NPs are firstly separated. Our results will greatly promote the future medical translational development of the NaHoF4 nano-contrast agents for ultra-high field MR/CT dual-modality imaging applications.
OBJECTIVETo investigate whether elevated plasma trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) levels are associated with initial stroke severity and infarct volume.
METHODSThis cross-sectional study included 377 ...patients with acute ischemic stroke and 50 healthy controls. Plasma TMAO levels were assessed at admission. Stroke infarct size and clinical stroke severity were measured with diffusion-weighted imaging and the NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Mild stroke was defined as an NIHSS score <6.
RESULTSPlasma TMAO levels were higher in patients with ischemic stroke than in healthy controls (median 5.1 vs 3.0 μmol/L; p < 0.001). Every 1–µmol/L increase in TMAO was associated with a 1.13-point increase in NIHSS score (95% confidence interval CI 1.04–1.29; p < 0.001) and 1.69-mL increase in infarct volume (95% CI 1.41–2.03; p < 0.001) after adjustment for vascular risk factors. At admission, 159 patients (42.2%) had experienced a mild stroke, and their plasma TMAO levels were lower compared to those with moderate to severe stroke (median 3.6 vs 6.5 µmol/L; p < 0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of plasma TMAO level in predicting moderate to severe stroke was 0.794 (95% CI 0.748–0.839; p < 0.001), and the optimal cutoff value was 4.95 μmol/L. The sensitivity and specificity of TMAO levels ≥4.95 μmol/L for moderate to severe stroke were 70.2% and 79.9%, respectively.
CONCLUSIONSPatients with ischemic stroke had higher plasma TMAO levels compared to healthy controls. Higher plasma TMAO level at admission is an independent predictor of stroke severity and infarct volume in patients with acute ischemia.
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•The interface of carbon fiber/vinyl ester resin composite was designed by self-migration of acrylamide.•An acrylamide-rich interphase region was formed and the interfacial bond ...energy was increased.•Acrylamide molecules were driven by the greatest average atomic binding energy with the fiber surface.•Acrylamide molecules chemically bonded the carbon fiber surface and vinyl ester resin.•The interfacial strength of carbon fiber/vinyl ester resin composite was enhanced significantly.
A molecular dynamics simulation was performed to investigate the migration of acrylamide (AM) to the carbon fiber (CF) surface from a liquid vinyl ester resin (VE), as well as the effect on the interfacial strength of CF/VE composite. The analysis of monomer concentration profile after the system equilibrium shows that an AM-rich interphase region was formed and the interfacial bond energy was increased. This can be explained by the greatest average atomic binding energy of AM with the CF surface. The migration of AM was confirmed experimentally by a depth profiling method using plasma etching and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The AM molecules in interphase could chemically bond CF surface and VE matrix. As a result, the interface shear strength and interlaminar shear strength of CF/VE composite were enhanced by 126.98% and 81.86%, respectively.
Given that an increasing number of patients who received orthodontic treatment during their childhood or adolescence are seeking retreatment in contemporary China, it is of great necessity to ...comprehensively understand their motivations. A valid and reliable self-designed questionnaire, based on the Index of complexity, outcome and need (ICON), was distributed online to college freshmen who received orthodontic treatment during their childhood or adolescence. After collecting their basic information and orthodontic retreatment needs data from the survey, the participants' general self-perception of front facial appearance, lateral facial appearance and tooth alignment, as well as their self-perceived dental alignment, occlusal status, oral function and psychological status, were assessed. Correlation analysis, Chi-square test, Kruskal-Wallis test and logistic regression were performed. Reliability was evaluated for 20 paired questionnaires, and all questions were found to be reliable (intraclass correlation coefficient, >0.70). Among the 1609 participants with a history of orthodontic treatment, 45.56% were males and 54.44% were females. Their mean age was 18.48 ± 0.91 years. Our results showed that self-perceived front facial appearance, lateral facial profile, tooth alignment, occlusal status, oral function and psychological status were significantly correlated with orthodontic retreatment needs. Both appearance and psychological status affected their self-perceived dental alignment and occlusal status. In conclusion, patients who received orthodontic treatment during their childhood or adolescence in contemporary China seek orthodontic retreatment because they desire better aesthetics of their front facial appearance and tooth alignment, especially the anterior region of the tooth, the lower part of the face and a decent pronunciation. Additionally, psychological concerns should be viewed as an urge, while intraoral factors should be viewed as the foundation during future clinical practice regarding orthodontic retreatment in this age group.
Establishing an accurate prediction model of pipeline corrosion depth is of great practical significance for effectively evaluating the service life of pipeline, which has the advantages of saving ...manpower and financial resources. Based on the basic theory of gray GM (1,1) model, the improved GM (1,1) models were established by using the method of background value optimization (improved model I), translation transformation (improved model II) and combination of background value optimization and translation transformation (improved model III), and the differences of prediction accuracy between the improved models and the traditional model were analyzed. The results show that the mean relative errors of improved models are lower than those of traditional model. When the coefficient C is 30, the mean relative errors of improved model II and improved model III are only 1.073% and 1.097%. The accuracy of each improved model is higher than that of the traditional model, and the accuracy of improved model III is generally high. With the increase of coefficient C, the prediction accuracy of improved model III and improved model II gradually increases, the reasonable selection of coefficient C is helpful to improve the accuracy of improved model II and improved model III.
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