The diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is difficult and requires a battery of tests and clinical findings. The purpose of this review is to summarize all current evidence for common ...and new serum biomarkers utilized in the diagnosis of PJI.
We searched two literature databases, using terms that encompass all hip and knee arthroplasty procedures, as well as PJI and statistical terms reflecting diagnostic parameters. The findings are summarized as a narrative review.
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were the two most commonly published serum biomarkers. Most evidence did not identify other serum biomarkers that are clearly superior to ESR and CRP. Other serum biomarkers have not demonstrated superior sensitivity and have failed to replace CRP and ESR as first-line screening tests. D-dimer appears to be a promising biomarker, but more research is necessary. Factors that influence serum biomarkers include temporal trends, stage of revision, and implant-related factors (metallosis).
Our review helped to identify factors that can influence serum biomarkers' level changes; the recognition of such factors can help improve their diagnostic utility. As such, we cannot rely on ESR and CRP alone for the diagnosis of PJI prior to second-stage reimplantation, or in metal-on-metal or corrosion cases. The future of serum biomarkers will likely shift towards using genomics and proteomics to identify proteins transcribed via messenger RNA in response to infection and sepsis.
2018;7:85-93.
Advanced Measuring System F. Mihai, Niculae; De Guillaume, Jin; K. Sivasubramanian, Kartick ...
International journal of modeling and optimization,
11/2022
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The proposed measuring system is a practical method of measuring linear objects, straight or angular, of variable length, and with great precision. The system uses a digital measuring system, ...consisting of a motor connected to a stopper that can be moved to the required cutting position, a mechanical movement system consisting of a screw and ball nut and a locking device with a rotary offset. The electronic system consists of a Human Machine Interface (HMI) data input, an electronic measuring controller, and a servo motor with an encoder for high precision distance measurement. The whole system is coordinated by software which allows for several measurement options: in inches, illustrated with either decimals or fractions, or in millimeters. The user input and stopper position are displayed in real time. The device facilitates the adjustment of speed and acceleration parameters. Additionally, the offset dimensions can vary according to user-defined lengths. The graphical interface is very user-friendly and consists of 5 pages for various settings and display of information.
MET exon 14 skipping mutation has emerged as a new oncogenic driver in NSCLC with available targeted therapies, including Food and Drug Administration–approved inhibitors capmatinib and tepotinib. ...Potential resistance mechanisms are beginning to be described and include several on-target and off-target mutations. Here, we report an emergent secondary RET fusion in a patient with a primary MET exon 14 skipping mutation that progressed on capmatinib after the initial response. Subsequently, this patient received both a RET inhibitor (selpercatinib) followed by another MET-targeted treatment (tepotinib) without clinical benefit. Thereafter, cabozantinib, a multikinase inhibitor with activity against RET and MET was started with a rapid clinical and radiologic benefit.
An increasing number of Arab countries are instituting family planning programs to lower their populations' high fertility rates. This article examines Arab governments' perceptions of their ...countries' fertility situation, their desire to intervene in order to reduce or increase the rate of population growth, and the measures they have taken to influence the level of fertility. Special attention is given to family planning programs and access to methods of fertility regulation. A combination of stronger program effort and improved socioeconomic conditions account for much of the variation in contraceptive prevalence rates in 11 countries. Socioeconomic setting and political factors are found to be of primary importance in determining Arab fertility policies.
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