Semiconductor nanoparticles, such as quantum dots (QDs), were used to
carry out experiments in vivo and ex vivo with Trypanosoma cruzi .
However, questions have been raised regarding the nanotoxicity ...of QDs
in living cells, microorganisms, tissues and whole animals. The
objective of this paper was to conduct a QD nanotoxicity study on
living T. cruzi protozoa using analytical methods. This was
accomplished using in vitro experiments to test the interference of the
QDs on parasite development, morphology and viability. Our results show
that after 72 h, a 200 μM cadmium telluride (CdTe) QD solution
induced important morphological alterations in T. cruzi, such as DNA
damage, plasma membrane blebbing and mitochondrial swelling. Flow
cytometry assays showed no damage to the plasma membrane when incubated
with 200 μM CdTe QDs for up to 72 h (propidium iodide cells),
giving no evidence of classical necrosis. Parasites incubated with 2
μM CdTe QDs still proliferated after seven days. In summary, a low
concentration of CdTe QDs (2 μM) is optimal for bioimaging,
whereas a high concentration (200 μM CdTe) could be toxic to
cells. Taken together, our data indicate that 2 μM QD can be used
for the successful long-term study of the parasite-vector interaction
in real time.
The use of drugs in patients who have undergone bariatric surgery Geraldo, Mariana de Sousa Prado; Fonseca, Fernando Luiz Affonso; Gouveia, Marisa Regina de Fatima Veiga ...
International Journal of General Medicine,
01/2014, Letnik:
7, Številka:
default
Journal Article, Book Review
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
According to the World Health Organization, obesity has become an epidemic in the 21st century affecting around 300 million people of all ages worldwide. Clinical treatment modalities for this ...disease are limited and ineffective when it comes to morbidly obese patients (body mass index - the weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared - surpasses 40 kg/m(2)). Therefore, the alternative, surgical treatment, is the best option for these patients, namely gastric restrictive procedures or an intestinal bypass culminating in a malabsorptive syndrome. In the past 20 years, there has been a 70% increase in the number of bariatric procedures all over the world. The main pharmacokinetic consequence observed in the postoperative period of these individuals is a higher or lower absorption of orally administered drugs.
We present a method for visualizing numerical simulations of Bose-Einstein condensates, discuss the visualization process, which includes selecting a color scheme and the application of a volume ...rendering model, and describe our visualization's impact on associated scientific research.
Studies on the effects of decapitation, head transplantation and ecdysone therapy on the ultrastructural organization of the midgut in 5th-instar larvae of
Rhodnius prolixus, were carried out. ...Control insects had a typical and significant organization of the epithelial cells (mainly microvilli, extracellular membrane layers and basal portion of the epithelial cells) of the midgut (stomach and intestine) during the entire period of the experiment. However, the host larvae, when decapitated 1 day after feeding, demonstrated significant changes in the ultrastructural organization of the epithelial cells of these compartments. In converse experiments, head transplantations from untreated donors 4–5 days after feeding into headless larvae sustained the ultrastructural organization of the epithelial cells in the midgut. Oral therapy with ecdysone (5 μg/mL of blood meal) in decapitated insects significantly reversed the altered organization of the stomach and intestine. These results point to a brain factor, possibly the prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH) which stimulates ecdysteroid production in the prothoracic glands, may be a factor responsible, directly or indirectly, for the midgut cell organization in
R. prolixus.
Behavioral Addictions Kenneth Paul Rosenberg, MD, Laura Curtiss Feder, PsyD
2014, 2014-04-25
eBook
DSM-V broke new ground in May of 2013, designating a new disorder called "behavioral addiction." Clinicians immediately wanted to know: how is a behavioral addiction different from an impulse control ...disorder? What are the criteria for determining that some behaviors are addictions rather than impulses? What, if anything, does this mean in terms of effective treatment? Behavioral Addictions is the first and most authoritative text ever written on the subject of behavioral addictions. This comprehensive work explains the criteria used to determine addiction, the evidence for identifying assorted behaviors as addictions, and the evidence-based treatment for each. With contributions from preeminent experts covering an exhaustive list of behavioral addictions, this book is unique in its coverage of behavioral addictions, their criteria, and treatment. It is a valuable and timely resource for any clinician treating addictions. * A guide to understanding the new DSM-V designation of behavioral addiction * Defines the criteria for behavior to be consideredan addiction designation * Discusses the evidence for behaviors meeting addiction criteria * Identifies what is now, likely will be, and is not a behavioral addiction per evidence * Discussesbehaviors formerly considered impulse control disorders * Presents evidence-based treatment for each behavioral addiction
Analysis of zymograms with SDS-polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis
containing gelatin as substrate, and performed on samples of haemolymph
or fat body taken from Rhodnius prolixus inoculated or not ...with
Enterobacter cloacae, demonstrated distinct patterns of protease
activities: (i) in the haemolymph two proteases were induced in insects
inoculated with bacteria; (ii) two proteases were detected in the fat
bodies derived from non-inoculated controls or insect inoculated with
sterile culture medium; (iii) haemolymph and fat body had both the same
apparent molecular weights proteases (46 and 56 kDa); and (iv) these
enzymes were characterized as metallo-proteases. The association of
these enzymes in Rhodnius infected with bacteria was discussed.
The structure of an isolated vortex in a dilute two-component neutral superfluid Fermi gas is studied within the context of self-consistent Bogoliubov-de Gennes theory. Various thermodynamic ...properties are calculated, and the shift in the critical temperature due to the presence of the vortex is analyzed. The gapless excitations inside the vortex core are studied, and a scheme to detect these states and thus the presence of the vortex is examined. The numerical results are compared with various analytical expressions when appropriate.
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