Background: Paralympic Powerlifting (PP) training tends to promote fatigue and oxidative stress. Objective: To analyze the effects of ibuprofen use on performance and oxidative stress in ...post-training PP athletes. Methodology: Ten national level PP athletes (age: 27.13 ± 5.57) were analyzed for oxidative stress in post-training. The study was carried out in three weeks, (1) familiarization and (2 and 3) evaluated the recovery with the use of a placebo (PLA) and ibuprofen (IBU), 800 mg. The Peak Torque (PT), Torque Development Rate (TDR), Fatigue Index (FI), reactive substances to thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) and sulfhydryl groups (SH) were evaluated. The training consisted of five sets of five repetitions (80–90%) 1-Repetition Maximum (1-RM) in the bench press. Results: The IBU showed a higher PT (24 and 48 h, p = 0.04, ɳ2 p = 0.39), a lower FI (24 h, p = 0.01, ɳ2p = 0.74) and an increased lymphocyte count (p < 0.001; ɳ2p = 4.36). There was no change in oxidative stress. Conclusions: The use of IBU provided improvements in strength and did not protect against oxidative stress.
Black shading nets are widely used in the protected cultivation of vegetables as a technique for controlling light and temperature, while the colored shading nets, with special optical properties to ...improve the use of solar radiation, appeared recently in the agricultural plastics market. Light quality transmitted by gray, aluminized, pearl, blue, red and black (control) nets with 30% shade was evaluated, as well as its effects on photosynthetic properties and fruits production of cucumber plants. Treatments (shade nets) were established under a randomized complete block design with four repetitions. The red net transmitted 23.7 and 40.3% more photosynthetic photon flux density (400 to 700nm) and red light (600 to 700nm) and the blue net transmitted 36% more blue light (400 to 500nm) in comparison with the respective transmissions of black net. All nets increased the photosynthetic responses: transpiration, stomatal conductance and CO2 assimilation, observed in plants grown under black net. Leaf greenness (41.6 SPAD units) and foliar area (90dm2) increased 22.8 and 38.9% with the red net, while the dry weight of leaf (52.5g) increased 21.9% with pearl net. Pearl, red, aluminized and blue nets showed to be viable alternatives because the production of fruit increased in 71, 48, 46 and 46%, respectively, in comparison with the conventional black net (52t ha-1).
RESUMO: As malhas de sombreamento preto são amplamente utilizadas no cultivo protegido de hortaliças como uma técnica para controlar a luz e a temperatura; enquanto as malhas de sombreamento coloridas, com propriedades ópticas especiais para melhorar o uso da radiação solar, apareceram recentemente no mercado de plásticos agrícolas. A qualidade de luz transmitida por malhas cinza, aluminizada, pérola, azul, vermelha e preta (controle) com 30% de sombreamento foi avaliada, assim como seus efeitos nas propriedades fotossintéticas e na produção de frutos de plantas de pepino. Os tratamentos (malhas de sombreamento) foram estabelecidos sob o desenho de blocos completos casualizados, com quatro repetições. A malha vermelha transmitiu 23,7 e 40,3% mais densidade de fluxo de fótons fotossintéticos (400 a 700nm) e luz vermelha (600 a 700nm) e a malha azul transmitiu 36% mais luz azul (400 a 500nm) em comparação com as respectivas transmissões de malha preta. Todas as malhas aumentaram as respostas fotossintéticas: transpiração, condutância estomática e assimilação de CO2, observadas em plantas cultivadas sob malha preta. O verde da folha (41,6 unidades SPAD) e a área foliar (90dm2) aumentaram 22,8 e 38,9% com a malha vermelha, enquanto o peso seco da folha (52,5g) aumentou 21,9% com a malha pérola. As malhas pérola, vermelha, aluminizada e azul mostraram-se como alternativas viáveis, pois a produção de frutos aumentou em 71, 48, 46 e 46%, respectivamente, em comparação à malha convencional preta (52t ha-1).
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
La cebolla es de lento crecimiento, poca altura y raíces pequeñas. Por eso tiene desventaja ante las malezas; las cuales, si no son controladas afectan el rendimiento del cultivo. El objetivo del ...presente trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la combinación de los herbicidas preemergentes Pendimethalin, Oxifluorfen, Oxadiazón, Acetoclor y Flumioxazin sobre la población de malezas y el rendimiento del cultivo. El experimento se estableció durante el ciclo otoño-invierno 2016-2017 en un predio en Culiacán, Sinaloa. Se tuvieron 16 tratamientos, incluido el testigo sin aplicación de herbicidas. El diseño experimental fue de bloques completos al azar, con tres repeticiones. En la variable densidad de plantas, el testigo sin aplicación fue el tratamiento con mayor densidad de malezas. Asimismo, la mejor combinación para inhibir la emergencia de malezas fue Acetoclor con Flumioxazin. Además, Flumioxazin solo o combinado se encuentra entre los tratamientos con menor densidad de malezas. En lo referente a la variable biomasa de malezas y eficiencia de los herbicidas, todos los tratamientos fueron superiores en eficacia al testigo. Además, la combinación de Pendimethalin con Acetoclor tuvo mejor comportamiento con 0.253 kg m-2. En la variable rendimiento del cultivo de cebolla e índice de maleza, las mejores combinaciones fueron Pendimethalin con Acetoclor y Oxifluorfen solo con 2.97 y 2.92 kg m-2, respectivamente. En contraparte el tratamiento Flumioxazin solo, tuvo menor rendimiento. Con respecto a la pérdida de efectividad biológica de herbicidas, se encontró que, en conjunto, por la pérdida de efectividad, aparecen en promedio 674 individuos de malezas ha-1 diariamente.
Background: Variable resistance training has recently become a component of strength and conditioning programs. Objective: This randomized counterbalanced cross-over study aimed to investigate the ...use of elastic bands (EB) and the traditional method (TRAD) and force indicators in a training session. Methods: 12 Paralympic athletes (age: 28.60 ± 7.60 years) participated in this three-week study. In the first week, the participants were familiarized with EB and TRAD and were tested for maximal repetition (1-RM). The research occurred in weeks 2 and 3, which included the pre-post training, during which the following measures were extracted: maximum isometric force (MIF), the peak torque (PT), rate of force development (RFD), fatigue index (FI), and time to MIF (Time). The athletes performed two tests, EB and TRAD, separated by a one-week interval. Results: Significant differences were found between the pre- and post-test for 1RM (p = 0.018, η2p = 0.412), MIF (p = 0.011, η2p = 0.415), PT (p = 0.012, η2p = 0.413), and RFD (p = 0.0002, η2p = 0.761). With the use of EB, there was a difference in RFD between TRAD before and EB after (p = 0.016, η2p = 0.761). There were significant differences in the before and after for FI between TRAD and EB (p < 0.001) and for Time (p < 0.001), indicating that training with the use of elastic bands promotes overload, characterized by increased fatigue and decreased strength. Conclusions: Training with EB did not decrease 1RM, PT, MIF or RFD, however, there was an increase in fatigue and time to reach MIF when compared to the method with fixed resistance.
Dynamic knee valgus (DKV) is a frontal plane knee kinematic alteration that has been associated with patellofemoral pain (PFP) in female runners. DKV is commonly assessed in clinical practice by ...measuring frontal plane knee projection angle (FPPA) during squat tests. However, it remains unclear whether the DKV observed in these tests is similar to or correlates with that observed during running in female runners. The aims of this cross-sectional study were to correlate and compare DKV, by measuring FPPA values, in a lateral step-down (LSD) squat test and running in female runners with and without PFP. A two-dimensional (2D) video analysis of the LSD test and running was carried out for 21 asymptomatic female runners and 17 PFP female runners in order to determine FPPA values. A Pearson correlation test and a factorial ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc correction were used for statistical analysis. The FPPAs recorded in the LSD test were significantly higher than those recorded during running in the asymptomatic (16.32° ± 5.38 vs. 4.02° ± 3.26, p < 0.01) and PFP groups (17.54° ± 7.25 vs. 4.64° ± 3.62, p < 0.01). No significant differences were found in FPPA values between asymptomatic and PFP runners during the LSD test (16.32° ± 5.38 vs. 17.54° ± 7.25, p = 0.55) and running (4.02° ± 3.26 vs. 4.64° ± 3.62, p = 0.58). There was a small (r < 0.3) and non-significant (p > 0.05) correlation in FPPAs between the LSD test and running in both groups. According to our results, DKV was not similar during the LSD test and running, and there was no significant correlation in FPPA values between the LSD test and running in both groups. Therefore, clinicians and therapists should be aware of these findings when using the LSD test in clinical practice to evaluate DKV in female runners with or without PFP.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
El uso de abonos orgánicos en sistemas de fertilización integrada es una alternativa para la recuperación de la fertilidad de los suelos y elevar la productividad de los cultivos. El objetivo fue ...determinar la contribución de fertilizantes sintéticos y orgánicos, así como del CO2 producido durante el compostaje, en el crecimiento de las plantas y el rendimiento de chile jalapeño cultivado en mini-túnel. Se usó un diseño de bloques al azar con ocho tratamientos y tres repeticiones. Las variables evaluadas fueron: concentración de CO2 en el aire interno del mini-túnel; altura de planta; diámetro de tallo; verdor foliar; peso seco de raíces, tallos, hojas y total por planta; rendimiento de frutos, total y de calibres comerciales. Los tratamientos con fertilizantes sintéticos + lombricomposta + CO2 de compostaje (T1), lombricomposta + CO2 de compostaje (T5), fertilizantes sintéticos + CO2 de compostaje (T3), y CO2 de compostaje (T7), incrementaron la concentración de dióxido de carbono dentro de los mini-túneles en 142, 113.8, 78.9 y 66.6%, respectivamente, comparados con el testigo positivo (T4), en el cual solo se usó fertilizantes sintéticos (378.6 ppm). T1, T2 (fertilizantes sintéticos + lombricomposta) y T3, aumentaron el peso seco de planta en 51.2, 31.1 y 8.4%, y en 50, 24 y 12.1% el rendimiento total, en comparación con las mismas variables obtenidas en T4: 104.4 g planta-1 y 41.2 t ha-1, respectivamente. La producción de chile jalapeño mejoró significativamente con la adición de lombricomposta y/o CO2 de compostaje a la fertilización convencional sintética.
Malnutrition in heart failure (HF) is frequent and associated with a worse prognosis. Due to differences in investment and the profile of those assisted, the objective of this study was to evaluate ...the frequency of malnutrition in hospitalized patients with HF and its association with clinical outcomes in the public and private health systems. Methodology: A cross-sectional study, with 247 volunteers hospitalized with HF in three public hospitals and one private hospital in Aracaju, SE, Brazil. A subjective global nutritional assessment (SGA) and mini nutritional assessment (MNA) were performed. Results: Sample with 72.5% users of the public health system and 75.3% with malnutrition (public = 74.9%; private = 76.5%; p = 0.793). Regardless of the healthcare system, hospital stay (>14 days) was longer (p = 0.020) among those with malnutrition (48.4%) than well-nourished patients (29.5%). Malnutrition in the public system had higher mortality (7.5%; 5.8%; p < 0.001) and hospital transfer rate (21.1%; 0.0%; p < 0.001) than those in the private system. Death after discharge was observed only in the public system (p = 0.039). Conclusion: Malnutrition was frequent in both systems and was associated with longer hospital stays and, in the public hospital, in-hospital death and transfers.
Background: The high rates of hospitalization and mortality caused by Heart Failure (HF) have attracted the attention of health sectors around the world. Dietary patterns that involve food ...combinations and preparations with synergistic or antagonistic effects of different dietary components can influence the worsening and negative outcomes of this disease. Objectives: To describe the dietary patterns of patients hospitalized for HF decompensation and associate them with demographic, economic, and clinical factors, and the type of care provided in Sergipe. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study that is part of the Congestive Heart Failure Registry (VICTIM-CHF)” of Aracaju/SE. Prospective data collection took place with all patients hospitalized between April 2018 and February 2021 in cardiology referral hospitals, 2 public and 1 private. The data collected were sociodemographic, clinical, lifestyle, anthropometric and food consumption variables. Daily dietary intake was estimated by applying a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. The extraction of dietary patterns, by exploratory factor analysis, was performed after grouping the foods according to the nutritional value and form of preparation into 34 groups. To assess the association between the factorial scores for adherence to the standards and the variables studied, the Mann-Whitney U test was applied. Linear regressions were also performed, considering the dietary pattern (one for each pattern) as a dependent variable. Results: The study included 240 patients hospitalized for HF decompensation, most of them elderly (mean age 61.12 ± 1.06 years), male (52.08%) and attended by the Unified Health System—SUS (67.5%). Three dietary patterns were identified, labeled “traditional” (typical foods of the Brazilian northeastern population added to ultra-processed foods), “Mediterranean” (foods recommended by the Mediterranean diet) and “dual” (healthy foods combined with fast and easy-to-prepare foods like snacks, bread, sweets and desserts). Adherence to the “traditional” pattern was greater among men (p < 0.031) and non-diabetics (p < 0.003). The “Mediterranean” was more consumed by the elderly (p < 0.001), with partners (p = 0.001) and a lower income (p < 0.001), assisted by the SUS (p < 0.001) and without hypertension (p = 0,04). The “dual” diet pattern had greater adherence by the elderly (p < 0.001), self-declared non-black (p = 0.012), with higher income (p < 0.001), assisted in the private sector (p < 0.001) and with less impaired functional capacity (p = 0.037). It was also observed that being female (p = 0.031) and being older reduced the average scores of performing the “traditional” pattern (p = 0.002). Regarding the type of service, being from the public service reduced the average scores for adhering to the “dual” pattern (p = 0.008). Conclusions: Three dietary patterns representative of the population were found, called traditional, Mediterranean and dual, which were associated with demographic, economic and clinical factors. Thus, these standards must be considered in the development of nutritional strategies and recommendations in order to increase adherence to diets that are more protective against cardiovascular diseases.
Los Oomycetes son un grupo de organismos que alberga géneros y especies destructivas de plantas cultivadas y silvestres. En México, especialmente en el Estado Sinaloa, la información sobre esos ...organismos y su presencia en aguas superficiales empleadas para el uso agrícola es escasa. Esta investigación se realizó con el objetivo de determinar la presencia de especies del género Pythium en aguas empleadas para la irrigación agrícola en el Valle de Culiacán, Sinaloa, México. De septiembre de 2018 a enero de 2019, en 39 puntos de muestreo (presas, ríos, canales y estanques de almacenamiento de agua para uso agrícola), se colocaron trampas flotantes con frutos de pera, empleados como frutos-ebo. De los sitios muestreados, se obtuvieron cinco aislados pertenecientes al género Pythium, los cuales fueron identificados mediante características morfológicas, extracción y secuenciación de ácidos nucleicos; además, se determinó su patogenicidad a plantas y frutos de tomate, chile y pepino. Los resultados determinaron la presencia de Pythium aphanidermatum, P. pachycaule y P. torulosum, los cuales resultaron patogénicos a plantas y frutos de tomate, chile y pepino.
Las vermicompostas incrementan la disponibilidad y asimilación de nutrimentos y sustancias naturales promotoras del crecimiento. Adicionalmente, contribuyen en numerosas respuestas fisiológicas en ...plantas, tales como aumento de crecimiento y rendimiento. Se realizó una investigación con el objetivo de comparar el efecto de auxinas sintéticas y vermicomposta en el crecimiento y rendimiento de calabacita (Cucurbita pepo L.), cultivada bajo condiciones de invernadero. Se utilizó un diseño de bloques al azar con cinco tratamientos: auxinas sintéticas (Amcotone®) aplicadas al follaje (AUX); vermicomposta (VioHache®) incorporada al suelo en dosis de 5 (DBV), 10 (DMV) y 15 Mg ha-1 (DAV); además de un testigo (TES). Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que tanto las auxinas sintéticas como todas las dosis de vermicomposta promovieron el crecimiento de las plantas. Los rendimientos más altos, 40.5 y 37.9 Mg ha-1, fueron obtenidos con DBV y DMV, respectivamente. La calabacita de tamaño mediano (18.9 a 22.8 cm, 3.9 a 4.4 cm, 101 a 225 g) fue la más producida, con 58.6 a 74.5% del rendimiento total. El rendimiento de calabacita mediana obtenido con auxinas sintéticas o vermicomposta se incrementó desde 26.9 (DMV) hasta 61.1% (DBV), comparado con TES (17.5 Mg ha-1).
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