•Climatic phenomena such as ENSO attenuate the effect of fertilizers on gulupa fruit quality and productive traits.•In tropical climates, rainfall has a significant impact on gulupa fruit quality and ...yield.•Integrated fertilization is a sustainable alternative for gulupa production in the Amazon.
The gulupa (Passiflora edulis Sims f. edulis) is one of the main fruit trees that are part of Colombia's export supply. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of chemical fertilizers alone (control) or together with integrated fertilization (humic acids or vermicompost; two separate treatments), on the yield and quality of gulupa fruit during two consecutive production cycles in the Colombian Amazon foothills. The climatic conditions were monitored and the phenological state of the plant was related to the average temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, solar radiation, and vapor pressure deficit. The integrated fertilization with vermicompost offered better values in productive parameters (fresh weight, number of fruits and equatorial diameter) irrespective of the cycle considered, but the fruit quality attributes were similar irrespective of the fertilization treatment tested. The fluctuations of the climatic variables of precipitation, relative humidity and solar radiation in both cycles (the second rainiest and affected by the ENSO phenomenon) reduced the quality of the fruit (whole fruit firmness by 19%, dry matter and pulp total titratable acidity by 24%, total soluble solids by 8%, individual sugars by 49%, organic acids by 63% and antioxidant capacity by 67%) as well as the productive parameters during the second cycle. These results demonstrate the high degree of influence exerted by the climate on productive and fruit quality attributes that are decisive in the production and marketing of the fruit.
•Analytical method to identify and quantify AS and AES in marine sediments.•Evaluation of concentration levels of AS and AES in marine sediments near wastewater discharge points.•Statistical study of ...the presence of AS and AES in marine sediments.
Alcohol sulfates (AS) and alcohol ethoxysulfates (AES) are all High Production Volume and ‘down-the-drain’ chemicals used globally in detergent and personal care products, resulting in low levels ultimately released to the environment via wastewater treatment plant effluents. They have a strong affinity for sorption to sediments. Almost 50% of Tenerife Island surface area is environmentally protected. Therefore, determination of concentration levels of AS/AES in marine sediments near wastewater discharge points along the coast of the Island is of interest. These data were obtained after pressurized liquid extraction and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Short chains of AES and especially of AS dominated the homologue distribution for AES. The Principal Components Analysis was used. The results showed that the sources of AS and AES were the same and that both compounds exhibit similar behavior. Three different patterns in the distribution for homologues and ethoxymers were found.
Background
Age is a major risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE), yet patients aged ≥90 years are under‐represented in clinical trials of anticoagulant therapy. The objectives were to describe ...and compare patient clinical characteristics, treatments, and outcomes (VTE recurrence, bleeding, and mortality) during the first 3 months of anticoagulation between VTE patients aged ≥90 years and those aged <90 years.
Methods
We analyzed data from the Registro Informatizado Enfermedad TromboEmbὀlica (RIETE), an ongoing global observational registry of patients with objectively confirmed acute VTE.
Results
From January 2001 to October 2022, 96,701 patients were registered in RIETE, of whom 3262 (3.4%) were aged ≥90 years. Patients aged ≥90 years were less likely to be men, and to have experienced cancer or recent surgery, but more likely to manifest immobility, chronic heart failure, anemia, renal insufficiency, or dementia than those aged <90 years. Most (99.6%) patients aged ≥90 years were receiving anticoagulant therapy. During the first 3 months, 26 patients aged ≥90 years developed VTE recurrences, 116 experienced major bleeding, and 564 died. Among patients initially presenting with pulmonary embolism (PE), deaths due to PE exceeded those due to fatal bleeding (76 vs. 19). Among those initially presenting with isolated deep‐vein thrombosis (DVT), it was the reverse (2 vs. 11 deaths).
Conclusions
In patients aged ≥90 years, the difference in the outcome of anticoagulant treatment depending on the initial presentation of VTE could suggest a need for different management approaches. Clinical trials evaluating the optimal duration of anticoagulation according to initial VTE presentation are warranted to limit excess deaths in this particular population.
The period between fruit set and full ripening of arazá fruit grown in the Colombian Amazonia was 55
±
5 days. Three stages of a sigmoidal growth were identified and longitudinal and equatorial ...traits fitted a logistic model better than three-degree polynomial models. Fruit growth clearly exhibited three different physiological stages, identified as follows: S1, involving cellular division during the first 14 days; S2, maximum fruit growth, during which cellular expansion took place (up to day 50), and a final S3 state of 5 days to reach physiological maturity. After this time, the fruit can be harvested with a dull green coloration. Parenchyma was the principal fruit tissue, and no support tissues (sclerenchyma or collenchyma) were evident. The respiratory pattern of arazá fruit was climacteric, with maximum respiration rates of around 200
mg CO
2
kg
−1
h
−1, preceded by a peak of ethylene production (20
μL C
4H
4
kg
−1
h
−1), a change in skin color from green to yellow, a total soluble solids value of 5°Brix, an increase in the sucrose and fructose content up to 2.8
μmol
g
−1, a pH which increased to 3
units, and a decrease in titratable acidity to 400
mmol H
+
L
1−. Malic acid was the main organic acid in the edible pulp and ascorbic acid was present in a concentration of 17.8
μmol
g
−1. Skin color (as measured by hue angle) combined with titratable acidity and fruit firmness can be recommended as harvest indices for arazá fruit.
To determine the case-fatality rate (CFR) at the end of the intensive phase of tuberculosis (TB) treatment, and factors associated with fatality.
TB patients diagnosed between 2006 and 2013 were ...followed-up during treatment. We computed the CFR at the end of the intensive phase of TB treatment, and the incidence of death per 100 person-days (pd) of follow-up. We performed survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression, and calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
A total of 5,182 patients were included, of whom 180 (3.5%) died; 87 of these deaths (48.3%) occurred during the intensive phase of treatment, with a CFR of 1.7%. The incidence of death was 0.028/100 pd. The following factors were associated with death during the intensive phase: being >50 years (HR = 36.9;CI:4.8-283.4); being retired (HR = 2.4;CI:1.1-5.1); having visited the emergency department (HR = 3.1;CI:1.2-7.7); HIV infection (HR = 3.4;CI:1.6-7.2); initial standard treatment with 3 drugs (HR = 2.0;CI:1.2-3.3) or non-standard treatments (HR = 2.68;CI:1.36-5.25); comprehension difficulties (HR = 2.8;CI:1.3-6.1); and smear-positive sputum (HR = 2.3-CI:1.0-4.8).
There is a non-negligible CFR during the intensive phase of TB, whose reduction should be prioritised. The CFR could be a useful indicator for evaluating TB programs.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Prognostication in acute pulmonary embolism (PE) requires reliable markers. While cellular indices such as neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic ...immune‐inflammation index (SII) appear promising, their utility in PE prognostication needs further exploration. We utilized data from the RIETE registry and the Loyola University Medical Center (LUMC) to assess the prognostic value of NLR, PLR, and SII in acute PE, using logistic regression models. The primary outcome was 30‐day all‐cause mortality. We compared their prognostic value versus the simplified Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (sPESI) alone. We included 10 085 patients from RIETE and 700 from the LUMC. Thirty‐day mortality rates were 4.6% and 8.3%, respectively. On multivariable analysis, an elevated NLR (>7.0) was associated with increased mortality (adjusted odds ratio aOR: 3.46; 95% CI: 2.60–4.60), outperforming the PLR > 220 (aOR: 2.36; 95% CI: 1.77–3.13), and SII > 1600 (aOR: 2.52; 95% CI: 1.90–3.33). The c‐statistic for NLR in patients with low‐risk PE was 0.78 (95% CI: 0.69–0.86). Respective numbers were 0.66 (95% CI: 0.63–0.69) and 0.68 (95% CI: 0.59–0.76) for intermediate‐risk and high‐risk patients. These findings were mirrored in the LUMC cohort. Among 9810 normotensive patients in RIETE, those scoring 0 points in sPESI and with an NLR ≤ 7.0 (35% of the population) displayed superior sensitivity (97.1%; 95% CI: 95.5–98.7) and negative predictive value (99.7%; 95% CI: 99.5–99.8) than sPESI alone (87.1%; 95% CI: 83.9–90.3, and 98.7%; 95% CI: 98.4–99.1, respectively) for 30‐day mortality. The NLR is a significant prognostic marker for 30‐day mortality in PE patients, especially useful to identify patients with very low‐risk PE.
In two consecutive seasons the firmness of 13–15 near-isogenic lines (NILs) of melons (
Cucumis melo L.) was followed during storage at 21
°C. Firmness was measured using non-destructive compression ...of whole melon fruit to a predefined compression distance of 2
mm. The same individuals (about 6 per near-isogenic line) were repeatedly measured over time. Integral statistical analysis of all individuals using non-linear mixed effects regression analysis revealed that the rate constant of the exponential firmness decrease was the same for all NILs irrespective of their differences in introgression in linkage III or in the other two linkage groups. The only difference observed was found in the (asymptotic) end value of softening. That would imply that the process of softening is very similar, although over a different range for each melon. Melons from some NILs were firmer and showed a higher end value of softening than those of other NILs. The percentage variance accounted for (
R
adj
2
) was 94% (523 observations) for the 2005 season and 85% (829 observations) for the 2006 season. A small variation in asymptotic end value together with a low end value as to ascertain edibility could be a good indication of the usefulness of certain NILs for commercial application.
A near-isogenic line (NIL) SC3-5 and a further nine NILs of melon contained introgressions of an exotic non-climacteric accession of Cucumis melo 'Shongwan Charmi' SC (PI 161375), Conomon Group) into ...the non-climacteric Spanish Inodorus type of melon cultivar 'Piel de Sapo' (PS). The NILs exhibited different climacteric behavior and aroma. Fruit from SC3-5 and seven NILs showed a climacteric pattern, while fruit from one NIL, both parentals and the cultivar 'Nicolás', were non-climacteric. The NILs were compared with the reference aromatic cultivars 'Fado' and 'Védrantais', which show climacteric behavior with high levels of respiration and ethylene production. The twenty-eight aromatic compounds common to the cultivars and NILs studied defined the aroma profile, which was composed of fifteen esters, six aldehydes, two alcohols, three derived sulfur compounds (methyldisulfanylmethane; methanethiolate; methyl 2-sulfanylacetate) and other three compounds (1,7,7-trimethylnorbornan-2-one; acetone; 2-ethylfuran). On the basis of the total ion count peak area, three compounds (isobutyl acetate; benzyl acetate; pentanal) allowed the climacteric to be distinguished from the non-climacteric NILs according to univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis of the aroma data on the basis of total ion count peak area separated the aromatic attributes of the climacteric 'Védrantais' and 'Fado' melons from the NILs that were closer to their inbred parentals when analyzed by partial least squares regression plus discriminant analysis. In the climacteric reference cultivars or NILs, esters were the predominant volatiles while aldehydes predominated in non-climacteric ones. These results support the hypothesis that at least one QTL in linkage group III boosts a series of maturation signals that are characteristic of climacteric fruit, including a different aroma profile.
Abstract Background We hypothesized that the clinical course of venous thromboembolism in patients with active cancer may differ according to the specificities of primary tumor site. Aim and Methods ...We used data from RIETE (international registry of patients with venous thromboembolism) to compare the clinical venous thromboembolism-related outcomes during the course of anticoagulation in patients with with one of the 4 more frequent cancer (breast, prostate, colorectal or lung cancer). Results As of September 2014, 3947 cancer patients were recruited, of whom 938 had breast, 629 prostate, 1189 colorectal and 1191 lung cancer. Overall, 55% had metastatic disease (42%, 36%, 53%, and 72%, respectively). During the course of anticoagulant therapy (mean duration, 139 days), the rate of thromboembolic recurrences was similar to the rate of major bleeding in patients with breast (5.6 95%CI: 3.8-8.1 vs. 4.1 95%CI: 2.7-5.9 events per 100 patient-years) or colorectal cancer (10 95%CI: 7.6-13 vs. 12 95%CI: 9.4-15 per 100 patient-years). In contrast, in patients with prostate cancer, the rate of venous thromboembolic recurrences was half the rate of major bleeding (6.9 95%CI: 4.4-10 vs. 13 95%CI: 9.2-17 events per 100 patient-years) whereas in those with lung cancer, the rate of thromboembolic recurrences was two-fold higher than the rate of major bleeding (27 95%CI: 22-23 vs. 11 95%CI: 8.6-15 per 100 patient-years). Conclusions Significant differences in the clinical profile of venous thromboembolic related outcomes were observed according to the site of cancer. These findings suggest the development of cancer-specific anticoagulant strategies as an area for further research.
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