Em São Paulo é possível observar grupos que pleiteiam direitos por meio de ocupações de espaços públicos. No ano de 2020 a cidade (e todo contexto planetário) viveram a incidência da pandemia da ...COVID-19, a qual provocou uma crise sanitária sem precedentes afetando também profundamente o espaço público e as atividades de turismo. Neste sentido, e diante deste contexto, esta pesquisa objetiva analisar as narrativas construídas por movimentos sociais, coletivos e ativistas a respeito da cidade, e como estes grupos têm agenciado o turismo em seus discursos e práticas. Esta pesquisa se estrutura como um trabalho exploratório, descritivo e interpretativo com base em referencial teórico e metodológico da antropologia urbana. Por meio de incursões etnográficas têm possibilitado compreender a complexa articulação de ativistas, coletivos e movimentos sociais e como estes têm agido em relação a muitas atividades, entre tantas, o turismo. Mediante a muitos encontros destes grupos sociais e toda sua construção dialógica de saberes sobre a cidade e o turismo, tendo em vista também suas influências históricas de movimentos sociais em seus territórios, percebe-se a existência de uma multiplicidade de ideias, práticas e projetos, produzindo percepções distintas sobre a atividade de turismo na cidade.
Dengue is currently regarded as a major public health problem worldwide. In a hyperendemic region during an outbreak, we detected the co-circulation of all Dengue virus (DENV) serotypes including two ...different genotypes of DENV-3 and DENV-4, and concurrent infections with up to three serotypes were identified in symptomatic patients. A total of 49 acute phase plasma samples from patients clinically suspected of dengue were collected during the 4 weeks of May 2013. DENV-1-4 was detected by reverse transcriptase semi-nested polymerase chain reaction in 33 samples (67.3%), of which 26 DNA fragments were sequenced. Twenty samples (76.9%) were identified with a single DENV serotype and six (23.1%) with more than one serotype. DENV-3 was the predominant serotype of the outbreak. On the basis of phylogenetic analyses, DENV-1 isolates belong to genotype V, DENV-2 to American-Asian genotype, DENV-3 to genotypes I and III, and DENV-4 to genotypes I and II.
In recent years, increasing attention has been devoted to cryptocurrencies, owing to their great development and valorization. In this study, we propose to analyse four of the major cryptocurrencies, ...based on their market capitalization and data availability: Bitcoin, Ethereum, Ripple, and Litecoin. We apply detrended fluctuation analysis (the regular one and with a sliding windows approach) and detrended cross-correlation analysis and the respective correlation coefficient. We find that Bitcoin and Ripple seem to behave as efficient financial assets, while Ethereum and Litecoin present some evidence of persistence. When correlating Bitcoin with the other cryptocurrencies under analysis, we find that for short time scales, all the cryptocurrencies have statistically significant correlations with Bitcoin, although Ripple has the highest correlations. For higher time scales, Ripple is the only cryptocurrency with significant correlation.
The purpose of this study was to clarify the effect of body composition, particularly body fat percentage (BF%) and fat-free mass (FFM), on physical fitness and players’ on-court performance in U-14 ...elite Portuguese basketball players. A total of 166 male basketball players (age, 13.80 ± 0.38 years) and 131 female basketball players (age, 13.57 ± 0.55 years) from under-14 (U-14) elite regional teams were evaluated. Differences between body composition groups, regarding physical tests and performance-related variables, adjusted for years at age peak velocity (YAPHV), were evaluated using ANCOVA tests, for male and female players. Results showed that: (i) low body fat male players jumped significantly higher and had more relative jumping power, were faster, and had better game performance than higher body fat male players, (ii) higher fat-free mass male players revealed significantly higher upper body strength and gained more rebounds than other players, (iii) higher body fat female players threw the medicinal ball further than other female players, and (iv) higher fat-free mass female players had significantly more upper body strength and jumped significantly lower than low fat-free mass female players. In conclusion, BF% seems to be oppositely associated with physical fitness and on-court performance in male basketball players, and FFM seems to be related to upper body strength in both sexes. Coaches should promote interventions that target lower BF% and ideal FFM mass values to improve physical and on-court performance in youth basketball.
A family of sharp-interface immersed boundary methods using the so-called “direct forcing” approach have been developed for a range of applications because of their simple formulation and relative ...ease in handling complex geometries. Numerical interpolations are typically adopted in these methods to approximate the flow variables at the grid points near the solid surface, which provides an implicit force in the flow so that the no-slip and no-penetration conditions are satisfied. When dealing with moving boundaries, however, these methods could be prone to numerical oscillations because the nodal points where the direct forcing is applied may change from one time step to next. Noticing that the oscillations are caused by the instantaneous change of the numerical description at the direct-forcing points, we propose a formulation that allows for a smooth transition of the numerical description at these points. This new formulation preserves the spatial accuracy of the original immersed-boundary formulation and can effectively suppress the force oscillations. In this paper, we present a specific example of such formulation in both two- and three-dimensions and validate the implementation for both fixed and moving boundaries. Finally, a full-body simulation of flapping flight is demonstrated using the proposed method.
The present study demonstrates 30 plant bugs species associated with 50 records of prey and six records of mycophagy for Brazil. The data were compiled from Schuh's Catalog, the literature, specimens ...deposited in entomology museums and exemplars from different regions of Brazil sent for identification. Some of the data from the literature used did not presented complete information. This study aims to increase the knowledge of the relationships among plant bugs, prey and fungi and emphasize those species with potential for biological control strategies and pest integrated management.
The effects of the visible light wavelengths on germination, mycelial radial growth, and conidial production of the plant pathogens
Colletotrichum acutatum
and
Fusarium fujikuroi
were studied. Both ...fungi were grown on potato dextrose agar medium (PDA) in the dark (control) or on PDA under continuous white, blue, green or red light. In addition, the conidia from each treatment were exposed to UV radiation. The germination and growth of both plant pathogenic fungi were not affected by any of the treatments.
C. acutatum
produced more conidia when the fungus grew under white and red light.
F. fujikuroi
produced more conidia in the dark. The tolerances to UV radiation of conidia produced on different light and dark treatments differed for both
C. acutatum
and
F. fujikuroi
. Conidia of
C. acutatum
were at least 30% more tolerant to UV radiation when they were produced under white light than under blue and green light and at least 20% more tolerant than conidia produced in the dark. Conidia of
C. acutatum
produced under red light were the least tolerant. Conidia of
F. fujikuroi
produced under white and blue light were at least 30% more UV tolerant than conidia produced in the dark, green, and red light. In conclusion, no differences were found for germination and growth for both fungi under different light regimes and dark; however, significant differences occurred both in production and UV radiation of conidia.
Abstract
We investigated the relation between the spread, time scale, and spatial arrangement of dengue in Bahia, a Brazilian dry climate region, for the period 2000 to 2009. The degree of ...cross-correlation is calculated for 15 economic regions. We propose a multiscale statistical analysis to datasets of dengue cases in order to verify the effect of infection dispersal on the economic regions from the metropolitan region of Salvador. Our empirical results support a significant and persistent cross-correlation between most regions, reinforcing the idea that economic regions or climatic conditions are non-statistically significant in the spread of dengue in the State of Bahia. Our main contribution lies in the cross-correlation results revealing multiple aspects related to the propagation of dengue in dry climate regions.
Evaluating soil geochemical diversity in the Amazon Basin has been a challenge largely because most study sites have been at the edge of the basin and it is difficult to get samples in such a region. ...Here we show that even among the most weathered soils, physicochemical soil properties express lithology. Our results are based on topsoil samples collected from different locations in minimally disturbed areas in the state of Amazonas, Brazil. Soil properties were measured using methods which are suitable for highly developed soils. The Chemical Index Alteration and Weathering Index of Parker was calculated based on the content of metal(loid)s in soils determined by X-ray fluorescence. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were performed on data. In general, Amazon rainforest soils are more deeply weathered than soils in other Brazilian biomes and tropical rainforests in Asia and Africa. The high coefficient of variation of metal(loid) contents express pedogenesis and parent material diversity. Correlation analysis indicated that the tri-pentavalent elements are strongly associated with Al and Fe contents in the topsoil. In contrast, mono-divalent elements are correlated with sand and silt fractions. According to PCA, five soil groups with defined geochemical compositions and degrees of weathering could be identified: i) acidic sandy podzolized soils; ii) acidic loamy ferralitic soils with the highest content of tri-pentavalent ions; iii) acidic clayey kaolinitic soils with low metal(loid) contents; iv) acidic loamy kaolinitic soils with low metal(loid) contents; and v) silty neutral 2:1 clay soils. This study is the first effort to analyze the geochemical diversity in Amazon rainforest soils. These data are extremely valuable in determining the geochemical background for these soil types and this region. Geochemical variability can be predicted to some extent by lithology and pedogenesis, which can be applied to define the sampling required in future studies.
This study assessed the safety and efficacy of OncoTherad
(MRB-CFI-1) nanoimmunotherapy for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients unresponsive to
(BCG) and explored its mechanisms of ...action in a bladder cancer microenvironment. A single-arm phase I/II study was conducted with 44 patients with NMIBC who were unresponsive to BCG treatment. Primary outcomes were pathological complete response (pCR) and relapse-free survival (RFS). Secondary outcomes comprised response duration and therapy safety. Patients' mean age was 65 years; 59.1% of them were refractory, 31.8% relapsed, and 9.1% were intolerant to BCG. Moreover, the pCR rate after 24 months reached 72.7% (95% CI), whereas the mean RFS reached 21.4 months. Mean response duration in the pCR group was 14.3 months. No patient developed muscle-invasive or metastatic disease during treatment. Treatment-related adverse events occurred in 77.3% of patients, mostly grade 1-2 events. OncoTherad
activated the innate immune system through toll-like receptor 4, leading to increased interferon signaling. This activation played a crucial role in activating CX3CR1
CD8 T cells, decreasing immune checkpoint molecules, and reversing immunosuppression in the bladder microenvironment. OncoTherad
has proved to be a safe and effective therapeutic option for patients with BCG-unresponsive NMIBC, besides showing likely advantages in tumor relapse prevention processes.
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