Nas últimas décadas, os dispositivos digitais tornaram-se parte integrante do nosso quotidiano. Atualmente, crianças com menos de 1 ano já são expostas a conteúdos media. O impacto que estes novos ...hábitos têm no desenvolvimento da linguagem em crianças de idade pré-escolar não é claro. Neste artigo de revisão estudámos os trabalhos mais relevantes sobre este tema publicados após o ano 2000. Dos 10 artigos selecionados, sete analisaram o tempo de exposição e cinco o tipo de conteúdos media. Cinco artigos encontraram uma associação negativa entre o tempo de exposição a dispositivos digitais e o desenvolvimento da linguagem, enquanto apenas dois encontraram benefícios. Dos cinco artigos que analisaram o conteúdo media apenas um encontrou uma associação positiva entre a visualiza-ção de conteúdo educativo para crianças e a linguagem. Assim, os autores recomendam que, em idade pré-escolar, os dispositivos digitais sejam usados de forma parcimoniosa e acompanhada pelos pais.
Modelling human prostate cancer: Rat models Nascimento-Gonçalves, Elisabete; Faustino-Rocha, Ana I.; Seixas, Fernanda ...
Life sciences (1973),
06/2018, Letnik:
203
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men, affecting approximately 1.1 million men worldwide. In this way, the study of prostate cancer biopathology and the study of new potential ...therapies is of paramount importance. Several rat models were developed over the years to study prostate cancer, namely spontaneous models, chemically-induced models, implantation of cancer cell lines and genetically-engineered models. This manuscript aimed to provide the readers with an overview of the rat models of prostate cancer, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages, as well as, their applications.
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The present study aimed the evaluation of saliva sample pre-treatment, in particular the sample clearance usually performed by centrifugation, to the contribution of salivary proteome and peptidome. ...Using in-gel and off-gel approaches, a large content of salivary proteins was detected in the pellet fraction that is usually discarded. In addition, chaotropic/detergent treatment in combination with sonication, before the centrifugation step, resulted in salivary complex disruption and consequently in the extraction of high amounts of proteins. Based on this data, we suggest the use of urea/detergent with sonication as a standard saliva sample pre-treatment procedure. We also described a procedure to extract salivary peptides which can be performed even after saliva sample treatment with chaotropic/detergents. In overall, we reported for the first time the contribution of the pellet fraction to the whole saliva proteome. iTRAQ analysis highlighted a higher number of different peptides as well as distinct quantities of each protein class when after sample treatment with urea and sonication, acetone precipitation followed by solubilization with acetonitrile/HCl was performed.
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► Saliva pre-treatments have repercussions on proteome analysis. ► Urea/chaotropic agent with sonication was the most suitable procedure. ► Centrifugation should be critically considered in saliva proteome/peptidome analysis.
Abstract Today there is an increasing demand for heart transplantations for patients diagnosed with heart failure. Though, shortage of donors as well as the large number of ineligible patients hurdle ...such treatment option. This, in addition to the considerable number of transplant rejections, has driven the clinical research towards the field of regenerative medicine. Nonetheless, to date, several stem cell therapies tested in animal models fall by the wayside and when they meet the criteria to clinical trials, subjects often exhibit modest improvements. A main issue slowing down the admission of such therapies in the domain of human trials is the lack of protocol standardization between research groups, which hampers comparison between different approaches as well as the lack of thought regarding the clinical translation. In this sense, given the large amount of reports on stem cell therapy studies in animal models reported in the last 3 years, we sought to evaluate their advantages and limitations towards the clinical setting and provide some suggestions for the forthcoming investigations. We expect, with this review, to start a new paradigm on regenerative medicine, by evoking the debate on how to plan novel stem cell therapy studies with animal models in order to achieve more consistent scientific production and accelerate the admission of stem cell therapies in the clinical setting.
A variational model for imaging segmentation and denoising color images is proposed. The model combines Meyer’s “u+v” decomposition with a chromaticity-brightness framework and is expressed by a ...minimization of energy integral functionals depending on a small parameter
ε
>
0
. The asymptotic behavior as
ε
→
0
+
is characterized, and convergence of infima, almost minimizers, and energies are established. In particular, an integral representation of the lower semicontinuous envelope, with respect to the
L
1
-norm, of functionals with linear growth and defined for maps taking values on a certain compact manifold is provided. This study escapes the realm of previous results since the underlying manifold has boundary, and the integrand and its recession function fail to satisfy hypotheses commonly assumed in the literature. The main tools are
Γ
-convergence and relaxation techniques.
A pesquisa pretende identificar elementos ideológicos e históricos diante das formações discursivas do discurso antivacina no Brasil, à luz do passado (Revolta da Vacina) e do presente (pandemia da ...covid-19). Metodologicamente, trata-se de uma pesquisa documental-qualitativa. O corpus de análise é composto por seis enunciados, três da Revolta da Vacina e três da covid-19, tendo como método a Análise do Discurso. Como resultado, foram identificadas três facetas do discurso antivacina: a) medo do desconhecido e desconfiança na eficácia dos imunizantes; b) honra em jogo e interesse institucional sobre a vacinação; c) liberdade e morte, obrigatoriedade da vacina. Conclui-se que, ainda que o discurso antivacina no Brasil seja tão antigo quanto o primeiro método de vacinação, é fundamental superar o fosso entre comunidade científica e sociedade em geral, a fim de combater desinformação com informação científica, levando o fantasma do discurso antivacina ao esquecimento.
Abstract Access to health care is a sensitive issue in low population density territories, as these areas tend to have a lower level of service provision. One dimension of access is accessibility. ...This paper focuses on measuring the accessibility to urgent and emergency care services in the Portuguese region of Baixo Alentejo, a territory characterized by low population density. Data for the calculation of accessibility is the road network, and the methodology considers the application of a two-level network analyst method: time-distance by own mean (car or taxi) to the urgent care services and the time distance to emergency services as a way to get assistance and to go to urgent care services. While urgent care accessibility meets the requirements stipulated in the Integrated Medical Emergency System’s current legislative framework, the simulation of different scenarios of potential accessibility shows intra-regional disparities. Some territories have a low level of accessibility. Older adults, the poorly educated, and low-income population, also have the lowest levels of accessibility, which translates into dually disadvantageous situation since the potential users of emergency services are most likely to belong to this group of citizens.
The increasing prevalence of periodontal and cardiovascular diseases is the result of a sedentary lifestyle associated with poor diet, obesity, hypercholesterolaemia, smoking habits, alcohol ...consumption and stress. The present study aims to uncover molecular associations between periodontitis and coronary heart disease using an unbiased strategy of automatic text mining traditionally applied to bibliometric studies. A total of 1590 articles on these diseases were retrieved from the Web of knowledge database and searched using the VOS viewer to create a network of keywords associated with both diseases. These data were supplemented with data from DisGeNET, which stores known associations to either periodontitis or coronary heart disease. Overall, the automated text mining approach presented here highlighted inflammatory molecules as common associations between periodontitis and coronary heart disease. Specifically, this study showed that molecules such as C-reactive protein, interleukins 6 and 1-β, myeloperoxidase, and matrix metalloproteinase 9 are simultaneously associated with periodontitis and coronary artery disease by both text mining and DisGeNET analyses. This association validates the multiplex assessment of salivary inflammatory markers as a tool to assess cardiovascular disease risk and could become an important tool to identify common molecular targets to monitor both diseases simultaneously. In addition, the text mining protocol and subsequent data processing and methods using bioinformatics tools could be useful to uncover links between other diseases.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The common bottlenose dolphin (
Tursiops truncatus
) is a top marine predator widely dispersed in coastal and pelagic habitats and with a generalist feeding behavior. Yet, information on the trophic ...ecology of animals inhabiting pelagic environments is still scarce. Using carbon (δ
13
C:
13
C/
12
C) and nitrogen (δ
15
N:
15
N/
14
N) stable isotope ratios, we identified and quantified the main groups of prey assimilated by bottlenose dolphins inhabiting an oceanic habitat (Madeira Island, East Atlantic). Bottlenose dolphins assimilated pelagic, schooling fish (such as blue jack mackerel,
Trachurus picturatus
) and mesopelagic and demersal squids, which reinforces the pelagic dietary composition of insular/oceanic dolphins. Also, intra-seasonal differences were found in their stable isotope ratios, which suggest intraspecific variability in the feeding behavior among individuals living in the same area. Sex was not the main factor contributing to these differences, suggesting the lack of trophic niche segregation between adult males and females in this offshore environment. Nonetheless, further studies including different life stages and information on the ecophysiological requirements are necessary to disclose the factors responsible for the observed variability. This study showed that insular dolphins fed primarily on economically important pelagic prey, highlighting the need of developing management strategies that integrate conservation in fisheries plans.
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