Aims
The goal of this research is to model the effects of two osmotic solutions factors on the reduction of selected microorganisms, and to assess the application in osmotic dehydration process of ...animal raw materials from the aspect of microbiological safety.
Methods and Results
Sugar beet molasses and aquatic osmotic solution were prepared and inoculated with Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. Varied factors of osmotic solutions were: time, temperature and concentration of osmotic solutions. Samples of osmotic solutions were subjected to standard and modified microbiological ISO methods. The result showed that increase in factors had a positive effect on the reduction of microbiological load, while the time of the process was the most influential technological parameter. Number of L. monocytogenes was reduced to <10 CFU per g at the end of the process in the highest concentration of sugar beet molasses at all process temperatures.
Conclusions
Developed mathematical models of reduction ratios for tested microorganisms were statistically significant, allowing good prediction of reduction ratio values based on applied factors.
Significance and Impact of the Study
Obtained levels of reduction of all tested microorganisms present good base for the production of safe osmotically dehydrated products of animal origin.
The effects of different dehydration temperature (35, 50 and 70 °C) and carrot slice thickness (3, 6, and 9 mm), at the constant (hot) air speed and mass load, on moisture ratio (MR) and drying ratio ...(DR) in thin layer convective drying process were investigated. The mathematical models Modified Page, Logarithmic, and Two-term models (for MR), and Gauss Modified model (for DR) were the most appropriate. Based on the obtained results for the R2 and RSME, the optimal parameters for thin layer drying carrot slices in laboratory dehydrator are dehydration temperature 70 °C, and carrot slice thickness of 3 mm, with the shortest dehydration time of 4.5 hours and the maximum DR of 106.7 g/h.
Abstract The objective of this study was to assess the impact of low-level laser therapy on wound swelling, wound temperature changes, and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) after surgical ...removal of impacted lower third molars. Forty patients with impacted lower third molars requiring surgical removal participated in this study; all were Pell–Gregory class IIB or IIC. The patients were divided randomly into two groups for post-extraction therapy. One group received antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) and the other received no additional therapy (placebo group). Temperature measurements were done using an infrared thermographic camera on days 3 and 7 postoperative. OHRQoL was assessed in both groups on day 7 using the Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaire translated into Croatian (OHIP-14-CRO). Prior to surgical treatment, there was no difference in patient characteristics between the two groups. A significantly lower temperature and less wound swelling were recorded on day 3 postoperative in the aPDT group compared to the control group ( P < 0.001). Participants in the aPDT group also had significantly lower OHIP-14-CRO summary scores ( P < 0.01). The present study showed beneficial effects of the aPDT modality of low-level laser therapy: postoperative wound swelling was reduced and wound temperature decreased, and OHRQoL was better through the 7-day postoperative period in comparison to the placebo group.
Structural elucidation of three new sesquiterpenoids, namely, (1Z,4E)-lepidoza-1(10),4-dien-14-ol (1), rel-(1(10)Z,4S,5E,7R)-germacra-1(10),6 diene-11,14-diol (2), and ...rel-(1(10)Z,4S,5E,7R)-humula-1(10),5-diene-7,14-diol (3), isolated from the liverwort Conocephalum conicum, was accomplished by a combination of extensive NMR experiments, 1H NMR simulation, and other means. Additionally, the change of the identity of bicyclogermacren-14-al, previously reported as a C. conicum constituent, to isolepidozen-14-al is proposed. Compounds 2 and 3 appear to be related to 1 via hydration involving a shared intermediate, a substituted cyclopropylmethyl cation, formed by a highly regio- and stereoselective protonation of 1, followed by a stereospecific fission of the three-membered ring. In other words, an isolepidozene derivative might be a branchpoint to humulanes and germacranes; this transformation could be of, up to now, unknown, biosynthetic and/or synthetic relevance. Multivariate statistical analysis of the compositional data of C. conicum extract constituents was used to probe the hypothesized biochemical relations. The immunomodulatory effect of 1–3 and conocephalenol (4) was evaluated in an in vitro model on both nonstimulated and mitogen-stimulated rat splenocytes. The compounds displayed varying degrees of cytotoxicity to nonstimulated splenocytes, whereas 2 and 3 were found to exert immunosuppressive effects on concanavalin A-stimulated splenocytes while not being cytotoxic at the same concentrations.
Two new natural products, alpha -furanopinguisanol (1) and furanopinguisanone (2), were identified in the liverwort Porella cordaeana(Porellaceae). Although alpha -furanopinguisanol was previously ...reported in the literature, herein, we present arguments that its structure was actually erroneously assigned to a different, related compound. Structure elucidation was accomplished by spectral means (various 1D and 2D NMR experiments, IR, UV, MS) and the structures corroborated by chemical transformations. The relative configuration of the compounds was additionally verified by an analysis of shift changes produced by a lanthanide shift reagent. Immunomodulatory properties of these two compounds were also investigated. Their influence on rat splenocytes (SPCs) was monitored through MTT, trypan blue and neutral red assays, microscopic investigation of cells, comet assay, and protein, RNA and DNA contents. It was shown that, in higher concentration (10 super(-4) M), compound 1 induced a blast-like transformation of SPCs, while in lower ones (10 super(-8) to 10 super(-6) M) it acted as a cytotoxic agent. On the other hand, compound 2 exerted prominent cytotoxicity in all concentrations. It the light of the obtained data, a possible mechanism of action of the two compounds was discussed.
Previously 3 sesquiterpenoids from Conocephalum conicum (L.) Dum. (Conocephalaceae) were found to modulate lymphocyte response to different stimuli, suggesting their immunomodulatory potential. ...Herein we evaluated the impact of low concentrations of these sesquiterpenoids on rat splenocyte viability and membrane permeability, as well as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, in order to, possibly, shed light on their mechanism of action. After a 24 h incubation of splenocytes with the sesquiterpenoids (from 10−8 to 10−6 M), MTT and trypan blue (TB) assays, as well as histochemical staining for LDH, were performed. The tested compounds were shown not to reduce the ability of cells to metabolize MTT; however, cell membrane permeability to TB was altered, suggesting that a certain percentage of cells were dead. Histochemical staining for LDH presence releveled that only 2, out of the 3 sesquiterpenoids, decreased the staining intensity, indicating either LDH leakage or its inhibition. In conclusion, having in mind the already proven modulatory potential of the tested sesquiterpenoids, the present results suggest that through the changes in the cell membrane function and leakage/inhibition of LDH in unaltered immune cells, some of the tested compounds could be considered promising candidates for further research as anticancer agents.
Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is the only treatment able to change the natural course of allergic diseases. We aimed at investigating the clinical efficacy of SLITOR (Serbian registered ...vaccine for sublingual allergen specific immunotherapy).
7-18 years old children with allergic asthma and rhinitis were enrolled and addressed to the active (AIT plus pharmacological treatment) or control (standard pharmacological treatment only) group. Clinical and medications scores, lung function and exhaled FeNO were measured at baseline and at every follow-up.
There was a significant improvement in both nasal and asthma symptom scores as well as in medication score in SLIT group. SLIT showed an important influence on lung function and airway inflammation.
Our data showed that SLITOR was effective not only in terms of patient reported outcomes but an improvement of pulmonary function and decrease of lower airway inflammation were also observed.
Congenital hernia of the cord is a different type of ventral abdominal wall defect in which the bowel usually herniates into the base of normally inserted umbilical cord through a patent umbilical ...ring. It is rare congenital anomaly with incidence of 1 in 5000. Although it was described as a distinct entity since 1920s it is often misdiagnosed as a small omphalocele. We present an unusal case of term male newborn with umbilical cord hernia associated with patent omphalomesenteric duct. The diagnose was made after birth despite antenatal ultrasound scans and it is managed successfully with uneventful recovery. If this is missdiagnosed, it could cause iatrogenic atresia of the ileum by clamping the umbilical cord after birth.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Immune cell differentiation is critical for adequate tissue-specific immune responses to occur. Here, we studied differentiation of human uterine natural killer cells (uNK cells). These cells reside ...in a tissue undergoing constant regeneration and represent the major leukocyte population at the maternal-fetal interface. However, their physiological response during the menstrual cycle and in pregnancy remains elusive. By surface proteome and transcriptome analysis as well as using humanized mice, we identify a differentiation pathway of uNK cells in vitro and in vivo with sequential acquisition of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors and CD39. uNK cell differentiation occurred continuously in response to the endometrial regeneration and was driven by interleukin-15. Differentiated uNK cells displayed reduced proliferative capacity and immunomodulatory function including enhanced angiogenic capacity. By studying human uterus transplantation and monozygotic twins, we found that the uNK cell niche could be replenished from circulation and that it was under genetic control. Together, our study uncovers a continuous differentiation pathway of human NK cells in the uterus that is coupled to profound functional changes in response to local tissue regeneration and pregnancy.
Background and Aims The alarming number of young people tend to develop the typical clinical picture of depression. Aim is to determine the presence of depression among young people in Serbia on a ...representative sample. Methods Socio-epidemiological surveys and the Beck Depression Inventory Assessment, completed by 2049 students of upper secondary school. Results The feeling of loss of energy and fatigue was the most common symptom, 40.1% of young people answered yes to this question 0.34.4% of respondents have difficulty concentrating and making decisions, and 31.6% state that what is bothering them is a feeling of sadness and despondency. The feeling of decreased self-esteem occurs to 24.5% of respondents, 22.2% of them have no more interest in usual activities. Feeling excessive guilt is confirmed by 21.7% of students, and 19.8% think in the pessimistic way about the future. Problems with appetite have 16.5%, and 15.6% have sleeping problems. 9.0% of young people often think about death or suicide. Conclusions All these data, especially the one about thinking about suicide, tell how frequent depressive symptoms are and how much thay can be dangerous. Although depressed mood is one of the developmental characteristics of adolescence, this many young people who show a tendency to develop this disorder is certainly alarming and require additional efforts in order to counteract this trend.
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