Abstract
The CMS Level-1 Trigger at HL-LHC and associated upstream systems employ more than 10000 25 Gb/s optical links, transferring almost a Pb/s of data synchronously between the different ...back-end processing nodes. Stable operation of these links is essential to avoid the injection of erroneous signals into the trigger path, potentially leading to a flood of false triggers or data loss. The Hermes protocol, implemented on Xilinx UltraScale+ FPGAs, provides this stability while operating at asynchronous, industry standard line rates. The protocol design as well as results on the performance from extensive testing are presented here.
Abstract
An ATCA processor was designed to instrument the first layer of the CMS Barrel Muon Trigger. The processor receives and processes DT and RPC data and produces muon track segments. ...Furthermore, it provides readout for the DT detector. The ATCA processor is based on a Xilinx XCVU13P FPGA, receives data via 10 Gbps optical links and transmits track segments via 25 Gbps optical links. The processor is instrumented with a Zynq Ultrascale+ SoM connected with an SSD which provides the necessary resources for enhanced monitoring and control information. The design of the board as well as results on its performance are presented.
The CMS Barrel Muon trigger upgrade Triossi, A.; Bellato, M.; Ruiz, J.M. Cela ...
Journal of instrumentation,
01/2017, Letnik:
12, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The increase of luminosity expected by LHC during Phase1 will impose tighter constraints for rate reduction in order to maintain high efficiency in the CMS Level1 trigger system. The TwinMux system ...is the early layer of the muon barrel region that concentrates the information from different subdetectors: Drift Tubes, Resistive Plate Chambers and Outer Hadron Calorimeter. It arranges the slow optical trigger links from the detector chambers into faster links (10 Gbps) that are sent in multiple copies to the track finders. Results from collision runs, that confirm the satisfactory operation of the trigger system up to the output of the barrel track finder, will be shown.
The design and performance of the upgraded CMS Level-1 Trigger Barrel Muon Track Finder (BMTF) is presented. Monte Carlo simulation data as well as cosmic ray data from a CMS muon detector slice test ...have been used to study in detail the performance of the new track finder. The design architecture is based on twelve MP7 cards each of which uses a Xilinx Virtex-7 FPGA and can receive and transmit data at 10 Gbps from 72 input and 72 output fibers. According to the CMS Trigger Upgrade TDR the BMTF receives trigger primitive data which are computed using both RPC and DT data and transmits data from a number of muon candidates to the upgraded Global Muon Trigger. Results from detailed studies of comparisons between the BMTF algorithm results and the results of a C++ emulator are also presented. The new BMTF will be commissioned for data taking in 2016.
The CMS Level-1 calorimeter trigger is being upgraded in two stages to maintain performance as the LHC increases pile-up and instantaneous luminosity in its second run. In the first stage, improved ...algorithms including event-by-event pile-up corrections are used. New algorithms for heavy ion running have also been developed. In the second stage, higher granularity inputs and a time-multiplexed approach allow for improved position and energy resolution. Data processing in both stages of the upgrade is performed with new, Xilinx Virtex-7 based AMC cards.
Performance of the CMS Global Calorimeter Trigger Brooke, J.; Foudas, C.; Frazier, R. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
11/2010, Letnik:
623, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The CMS Global Calorimeter Trigger system performs a wide-variety of calorimeter data processing functions required by the CMS Level-1 trigger. It is responsible for finding and classifying jets and ...tau-jets, calculating total and missing transverse energy, total transverse energy identified within jets, sorting e/γ candidates, and calculating several quantities based on forward calorimetry for minimum-bias triggers. The system is based on high-speed serial optical links and large FPGAs. The system has provided CMS with calorimeter triggers during commissioning and cosmic runs throughout 2008. The performance of the system in validation tests and cosmic runs is presented here.
The CMS tracker readout front end driver Foudas, C.; Bainbridge, R.; Ballard, D. ...
IEEE transactions on nuclear science,
12/2005, Letnik:
52, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The front end driver (FED), is a 9U 400 mm VME64x card designed for reading out the compact muon solenoid (CMS), silicon tracker signals transmitted by the APV25 analogue pipeline application ...specific integrated circuits. The FED receives the signals via 96 optical fibers at a total input rate of 3.4 GB/sec. The signals are digitized and processed by applying algorithms for pedestal and common mode noise subtraction. Algorithms that search for clusters of hits are used to further reduce the input rate. Only the cluster data along with trigger information of the event are transmitted to the CMS data acquisition system using the S-LINK64 protocol at a maximum rate of 400 MB/sec. All data processing algorithms on the FED are executed in large on-board field programmable gate arrays. Results on the design, performance, testing and quality control of the FED are presented and discussed
Neutrino tridents and W-Z interference MISHRA, S. R; RABINOWITZ, S. A; QUINTAS, P. Z ...
Physical review letters,
06/1991, Letnik:
66, Številka:
24
Journal Article
Recenzirano
We present a measurement of neutrino tridents, muon pairs induced by neutrino scattering in the Coulomb field of a target nucleus, in the Columbia-Chicago-Fermilab-Rochester neutrino experiment at ...the Fermilab Tevatron. The observed number of tridents after geometric and kinematic corrections, 37.0{plus minus}12.4, supports the standard-model prediction of 45.3{plus minus}2.3 events. This is the first demonstration of the {ital W}-{ital Z} destructive interference from neutrino tridents, and rules out, at 99% C.L., the {ital V}-{ital A} prediction without the interference.
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