.
In this paper we introduce a novel analysis technique for measurements with single-crystal chemical vapor deposition (sCVD) diamond detectors in fast-neutron fields. This method exploits the unique ...electronic property of sCVD diamond sensors that the signal shape of the detector current is directly proportional to the initial ionization profile. In fast-neutron fields the diamond sensor acts simultaneously as target and sensor. The interaction of neutrons with the stable isotopes
12
C and
13
C is of interest for fast-neutron diagnostics. The measured signal shapes of detector current pulses are used to identify individual types of interactions in the diamond with the goal to select neutron-induced reactions in the diamond and to suppress neutron-induced background reactions as well as
-background. The method is verified with experimental data from a measurement in a 14.3 MeV neutron beam at JRC-IRMM, Geel/Belgium, where the
13
C(n,
)
10
Be reaction was successfully extracted from the dominating background of recoil protons and
-rays and the energy resolution of the
12
C(n,
)
9
Be reaction was substantially improved. The presented analysis technique is especially relevant for diagnostics in harsh radiation environments, like fission and fusion reactors. It allows to extract the neutron spectrum from the background, and is particularly applicable to neutron flux monitoring and neutron spectroscopy.
This work presents the design and test results of a charged-particle solid-state detector with ultrafast signal response based on polycrystalline chemical-vapor-deposition (pCVD) diamond as active ...detector material and a high-bandwidth RF amplifier. We tested the detector at the Indiana University Cyclotron Facility Bloomington, IN, in a proton beam with a kinetic energy ranging from 55 to 200 MeV. The detector signals showed an average pulsewidth of 1.38 ns, which enables single-particle counting at instantaneous rates approaching the gigahertz range. The detector operated with a signal-to-noise ratio of 7 : 1 for 200-MeV protons and a single-particle detection efficiency up to 99%.
High-temperature performance of solid-state sensors up to 500 °C Weiss, C.; Wilson, J.; Tiebel, G. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
10/2022, Letnik:
1040
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The applicabilities of single-crystal chemical vapour deposition diamond sensors and 4H-SiC diodes for particle spectroscopy in high-temperature environments are investigated. The spectroscopic ...performance of the sensor materials is measured as function of temperature, from room temperature to 500 °C. Previously published measurements showed a stable spectroscopic response of sCVD diamond sensors up to 200 °C. In this follow-up experiment, the temperature range was extended up to 500 °C for sCVD diamond as well as 4H-SiC sensors.
ATLAS diamond Beam Condition Monitor Gorišek, A.; Cindro, V.; Dolenc, I. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
03/2007, Letnik:
572, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The ATLAS experiment has chosen to use diamond for its Beam Condition Monitor (BCM) given its radiation hardness, low capacitance and short charge collection time. In addition, due to low leakage ...current diamonds do not require cooling. The ATLAS Beam Condition Monitoring system is based on single beam bunch crossing measurements rather than integrating the accumulated particle flux. Its fast electronics will allow separation of LHC collisions from background events such as beam gas interactions or beam accidents. There will be two stations placed symmetrically about the interaction point along the beam axis at
z
=
±
183.8
cm
. Timing of signals from the two stations will provide almost ideal separation of beam–beam interactions and background events. The ATLAS BCM module consists of diamond pad detectors of
1
cm
2
area and
500
μ
m
thickness coupled to a two-stage RF current amplifier. The production of the final detector modules is almost done. A
S
/
N
ratio of 10:1 has been achieved with minimum ionizing particles (MIPs) in the test beam setup at KEK. Results from the test beams and bench measurements are presented.
Beam conditions and the potential detector damage resulting from their anomalies have pushed the LHC experiments to plan their own monitoring devices in addition to those provided by the machine. ...ATLAS decided to build a telescope composed of two stations with four diamond pad detector modules each, placed symmetrically around the interaction point at
z
=
±
183.8
cm
and
r
∼
55
mm
(
η
∼
4.2
). Equipped with fast electronics it allows time-of-flight separation of events resulting from beam anomalies from normally occurring
p–
p interactions. In addition it will provide a coarse measurement of the LHC luminosity in ATLAS. Ten detector modules have been assembled and subjected to tests, from characterization of bare diamonds to source and beam tests. Preliminary results of beam test in the CERN PS indicate a signal-to-noise ratio of
14
±
2
.
Diamond pixel modules Asner, D.; Barbero, M.; Bellini, V. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
04/2011, Letnik:
636, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
With the commissioning of the LHC in 2010 and upgrades expected in 2015, ATLAS and CMS are planning to upgrade their innermost tracking layers with radiation hard technologies. Chemical Vapor ...Deposition diamond has been used extensively in beam conditions monitors as the innermost detectors in the highest radiation areas of BaBar, Belle, CDF and all LHC experiments. This material is now being considered as a sensor material for use very close to the interaction region where the most extreme radiation conditions exist. Recently the RD42 collaboration constructed, irradiated and tested polycrystalline and single-crystal chemical vapor deposition diamond sensors to the highest fluences expected at the super-LHC. We present beam test results of chemical vapor deposition diamond up to fluences of 1.8×10
16
protons/cm
2 illustrating that both polycrystalline and single-crystal chemical vapor deposition diamonds follow a single damage curve. We also present beam test results of irradiated complete diamond pixel modules.
Diamond devices have now become ubiquitous in the LHC experiments, finding applications in beam background monitoring and luminosity measuring systems. This sensor material is now maturing to the ...point that the large pads in existing diamond detectors are being replaced by highly granular tracking devices, in both pixel and strip configurations, for detector systems that will be used in Run II at the LHC and beyond. The RD42 collaboration has continued to seek out additional diamond manufacturers and quantify the limits of the radiation tolerance of this material. The ATLAS experiment has recently installed, and is now commissioning a fully-fledged pixel tracking detector system based on diamond sensors. Finally, RD42 has recently demonstrated the viability of 3D biased diamond sensors that can be operated at very low voltages with full charge collection. These proceedings describe all of these advances.
In-beam positron emission tomography (PET) is currently the only method for an in-situ monitoring of charged hadron therapy. However, in-beam PET data, measured at beams with a sub-/spl ...mu/s-microstructure due to the accelerator radio frequency (RF), are highly corrupted by random coincidences arising from prompt /spl gamma/ rays following nuclear reactions as the projectiles penetrate the tissue. Since random-correction techniques from conventional PET cannot be applied, the clinical in-beam PET at the therapy facility at the Gesellschaft fur Schwerionenforschung (GSI), Darmstadt, Germany, merely reconstructs events registered in the pauses (/spl sim/2--4 s) between the beam macropulses (/spl les/2 s). We have successfully tested two methods for suppressing the micropulse-induced random coincidences during beam extraction. Image statistics can be increased by about 90%. Both methods rely on the synchronization of the /spl gamma//spl gamma/ coincidences measured by the positron camera with the time microstructure of the beam, either by using the RF signal from the accelerator or the signal of a thin diamond detector placed in the beam path in front of the target. Energy and triple-coincidence time-correlated spectra first measured during beam extraction, combined with the corresponding tomographic images of the /spl beta//sup +/ activity induced by the beam in a plastic phantom, clearly confirm the feasibility of the proposed random suppression methods. These methods provide the solution for applying in-beam PET at synchrotron and cyclotron radiotherapy facilities with optimal use of the annihilation photon flux.
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