During the next few decades, changes in rainfall frequency and magnitude are expected to have major impacts on landscape evolution, social, and economic aspects of human society. We focus on seasonal ...rainfall variations by the end of the twenty-first century to define affected landslide-prone areas, future landslide alerts and the impact of landslides on landscape development in the juncture of the Alpine, Pannonian, and Mediterranean region. A moderate and a worst-case climate scenario from CMIP5 global climate simulations were considered to determine the impact of rainfall on the two most common types of landslides in region, shallow and deep-seated landslides. The observed changes in the occurrence of shallow landslides are significant, especially in the winter months, where we can expect more landslide-prone areas compared to the baseline period. Shallow landslides will have a greater impact on the landscape in spring and summer than deep-seated landslides, especially in vineyards.
The Groundwater quantitative status assessment is part of River Basin Management Plan 2022–2027 (RBMP III) and is used to evaluate, according to certain criteria, the 21 groundwater bodies (GWBs) in ...Slovenia. GWB can achieve good or poor quantitative status. The assessment is carried out with four tests, where the impact of groundwater abstraction (pumped quantities) on: groundwater quantity and water balance, the ecological status of associated surface water bodies, groundwater dependent terrestrial ecosystems and the intrusion of saline or poor water quality into the aquifer is analyzed. The final overall assessment of each groundwater body, based on the completed tests, is determined by the criterion of the worst test assessment. Based on the results of the tests, within the assessment period, 20 GWBs in Slovenia achieved good quantitative status. GWB Dravska kotlina achieved poor quantitative status, because the pumping of groundwater causes poor quality water intrusions into the deeper aquifer of that groundwater body. Within the last assessment period 1991–2020, approx. 4 billion m3 of groundwater was available annually in shallow aquifers within groundwater bodies. Groundwater abstraction (pumper quantities) in the period 2014–2019 reached an average of 135 million m3. In the area of deep geothermal aquifers of the Mura basin, abstractions were estimated to sum up to 2.5 million m3 per year. Latest numerical simulations point out induced aquifer recharge of approx. 2.3 million m3 of thermal water.
Study Region: Cerkniško Polje, (SW Slovenia) - regularly flooded polje with a complex recharge and partly disturbed due to human interventions. Study Focus: We focus on the long-term flooding ...dynamics on the polje, including analyses of trends over time, seasonal changes and identification of the impact of climate change and human construction activities on the flooding dynamics. For this purpose, we used a 70 years long dataset of continuous hydrological and meteorological measurements, and analysed documents about past human activities on the polje. New Hydrological Insights for the Region: Comprehensive analyses have revealed notable changes in the flood dynamics over past decades which mostly reflect a general drop of the water level. This is linked to both changes in the climate (lower effective precipitation) and human construction activities (regulation of the river beds, construction of dams, widening or reclogging of swallow holes). In the 1970s floods were longer and more extensive due to experimental permanent lake formation but since the partial removal of constructions, floods have become shorter and less extensive, although extreme events are more frequent than in the past. These changing patterns further impact on biodiversity, which is one of the most remarkable elements of the polje.
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•Cerkniško Polje experiences higher frequency of extreme floods and droughts.•Long-term climatological trends show stagnant rainfall but higher evapotranspiration.•There were human activities for both shortening and prolonging flooding events.•Water level is recently more dependent on meteorological events than human activities.•Due to changeable flooding dynamics over time changes in habitat types are present.
Planinsko Polje is the westernmost active polje of Dinaric karst. It is a typical overflow-structural polje, with springs on the southern side feeding the superficial flow of Unica River. The river ...meanders over the polje towards the terminal outflow area on its northern side, where it sinks back into the aquifer through several ponors. Along the reach in proximity to the eastern border of the polje, the Unica River loses water through several outflow zones into distinct ponors and into a set of small openings and fracture zones. To estimate the outflow rate along these zones, the Unica discharge was measured upstream and downstream to the outflow zone. Seven velocity profiles were recorded with an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler and the corresponding discharges were calculated. The measurements were taken within four hours during the flow recession following a partial flooding of the Planinsko Polje. Therefore, six outflow zones were evaluated with an outflow rate ranging between 1 m3/s and 5.6 m3/s. The total loss of water along the eastern border summed up to 18 m3/s under the given hydrological conditions. These results give new insight into the functioning of karst poljes and provide an important input for eventual future hydrological modelling of the area. Key words: polje, outflow, ponors, discharge, Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler, Planinsko Polje, Unica.
The improved methodological approach of the groundwater quantitative status assessment in Slovenia and the results of the assessment period 2010-2013, taking into account the new reference ...thirty-year period 1981- 2010, are presented. Within the assessment period quantitative status in all shallow alluvial aquifers of 21 groundwater bodies in Slovenia is assessed as good, with a medium to high level of confience. Groundwater quantitative status assessment methodology considers the processes of the whole hydrological cycle and the results of groundwater recharge modelling. The methodology incorporates the concept of sustainable groundwater use to preserve the quantities not causing environmental and other harm (unacceptable environmental and other consequences). Legislative baseline for assessing the impacts of groundwater abstraction on renewable and available quantities of groundwater introduces new methodology by abandoning obsolete mining concept of "calculation of groundwater reserves".
This overview of the hydrogeographical characteristics of the Slovenian water balance 1971-2000 reviews three main water cycle elements: precipitation, evapotranspiration and runoff. Results show ...their spatial distribution and strong interdependency in by main river basins of Slovenia. Greatest amounts of water are in the Soca river basin and the smallest in the Slovenian part of the Mura river basin. Average yearly quantities of water in Slovenia for the period 1971-2000 are: precipitation 1579 mm, evapotranspiration 717 mm and runoff 862 mm. Compared with the water quantities data of 1961-1990 period, the precipitation is in same rank, the evapotranspiration increased and the runoff decreased. Despite being a "wet" country by world standards, available water resources in Slovenia are declining.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
This article describes a way of establishing an environmental information system, part of which includes water. A key objective of the information system is to maintain and improve the quality and ...availability of information necessary for the implementation of environmental policy. This also contributes to a reduction of administrative burdens and to better environmental decision-making. The article gives the basic principles for the establishment of an information system and explains its significance. It describes the current European situation regarding this. Through Slovenian examples and experiences, efforts made are presented, and the advantage of access, sharing and interoperability in the case of water is shown. The advantages of a distributed information system for water sector are highlighted. A pilot project upgrading hydrography data and land use water land is presented.
Temperatura morja, površinskih in podzemnih voda v Sloveniji kaže v zadnjih desetletjih naraščajoč trend. Predvidevamo, da bodo podnebne spremembe tudi v prihodnje prav tako vplivale na temperaturo ...vode, zato smo ocenili njihov vpliv do konca 21. stoletja. Na izbranih vodomernih postajah smo ocenili povezanost med homogeniziranimi nizi temperature vode in temperature zraka na primerjalnih meteoroloških postajah ter pripravili regresijske modele (linearne ali nelinearne) za oceno temperature vode.
Izračunane modelske nize temperature zraka po treh podnebnih scenarijih smo vstavili v izdelane regresijske modele ter izračunali temperaturo vode do konca 21. stoletja. Analizo ocene temperature vode v Sloveniji do konca 21. stoletja smo izvedli za 57 vodomernih postaj na površinskih vodah, podzemnih vodah in na morju. Rezultati kažejo na nadaljevanje dviga povprečne letne temperature vode po vseh treh podnebnih scenarijih, predstavljena je letna in sezonska analiza sprememb temperature vode na izbranih postajah. //
Climate change impacts on water temperature in Slovenia in the 21st century
Water temperature of the sea, surface and ground water has an increasing trend over the last decades in Slovenia. It is presumed that future climate changes will have an impact on water temperatures, therefore the impact by the end of the century was assessed with the use of air-water temperature correlation methodology. The correlation was assessed between homogenised air and water temperature datasets on comparable meteorological and hydrological stations. Regression models were then set up to estimate the water temperature based on climate scenarios data until the end of 21st century.
The analysis of water temperature by the end of 21st century was assessed for 57 stations on surface water, groundwater and at the sea. The results indicate the continuation of water temperature rise under all three climate change scenarios. The results of analysis show annual and seasonal change of water temperature for selected stations and the synthesis based on geographical characteristics.
Water cycle research is the basis of any water management and one of most important elements is the runoff. In environmental analyzes the most commonly used is the annual specific runoff. Due to ...increasing environmental awareness the need for better seasonal runoff knowledge is crucial to support the decision making processes in order to improve the sustainable water resources management. The water quantity is crucial for all environmentally based water management. For water vulnerability analyzes the specific runoff can be taken into account as water sensitivity indicator. Since the runoff is varying in time and space the average annual runoff is not always enough, the substantial improvement can be achieved with the use of seasonal or monthly runoff. With the use of GIS we joined the results of two hydrological analyzes: water balance and river flow regimes. We used kriging to transform the point data of discharge coefficients in order to create continuous spatial distribution of the variable as a raster. To compute long-term average monthly specific runoff raster we used mathematical functions in GIS to combine the long-term specific runoff raster and the monthly discharge coefficients. The final results are 12 raster maps of monthly discharge coefficients and 12 maps of long-term monthly specific runoff.
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