Virgin olive oils from the fruits of Croatian autochthonous varieties Oblica, Lastovka and Levantinka were characterized for the first time. Headspace volatiles were analyzed by HS-SPME/GC-FID/MS. ...The main volatiles were C6 compounds. The most abundant was (E)-hex-2-enal (62.60%-69.20%). (Z)-Hex-3-enal was not found in Lastovka oil, while Levantinka oil did not contain hexanal. Tocopherols, chlorophylls and carotenoids were determined by HPLC-FL. Levantinka oil was characterized by the highest α-tocopherol level (222.00 mg/kg). Total phenolic contents (TPs), as well as antioxidant activity (DPPH assay) of the oils hydrophilic fractions (HFs) were assessed by spectroscopic methods. The antioxidant activity of Oblica oil HF was the most pronounced (0.91 mmol TEAC/kg) and the HF contained the highest TPs amount (212.21 mg/kg). HFs phenolic composition was determined by HPLC-DAD. The main identified phenols were secoiridoids dominated in Oblica oil: decarboxymethyl ligstroside aglycone (p-HPEA-EDA up to 158.5 mg/kg), oleuropein aglycone (3,4-HPEA-EA up to 96.4 mg/kg) and decarboxymethyl oleuropein aglycon (3,4-DHPEA-EDA up to 93.5 mg/kg).
Pod detoksikacijom se smatraju metabolički procesi u kojima se otrovne tvari u organizmu pretvaraju u manje otrovne. Prema namjeni detoksikacija se može podijeliti na terapijsku, kozmetičku i ...preventivnu. U novije vrijeme potrošači su razvili svijest o djelotvornosti različitih biljnih vrsta za liječenje mnogobrojnih bolesti. Većina čajeva od ljekovitog i aromatičnog bilja pripravlja se kao oparak ili infuz. U ovom radu se kroz teoretski dio opisuju glavne biološke, kemijske i ljekovite karakteristike odabranih vrsta aromatičnog i ljekovitog bilja koje se kao čaj mogu koristiti za detoksikaciju organizma (peršin, stolisnik, maslačak, menta, ružmarin, kadulja, šipak, kopriva). Cilj anketnog istraživanja bio je ispitati ponašanja, percepcije i znanja ispitanika o čajevima odabranih vrsta aromatičnog i ljekovitog bilja za detoksikaciju organizma. Anketno istraživanje je provedeno tijekom druge polovice 2020. godine na uzorku od 50 ispitanika. Rezultati anketnog istraživanja su pokazali da najveći postotak ispitanika vrlo često konzumira čajeve od paprene metvice, pasje ruže i kadulje. Ista situacija je utvrđena i u slučaju kada se radi o korištenju čajeva isključivo u svrhu detoksikacije organizma. I u pogledu ocjene općeg dojma (boja, miris, okus) ispitanici više vole klasičnije-komercijalnije tipove čajeva (šipak, paprena metvica i kadulja). Također, ispitanici imaju najviše saznanja o biološkim, kemijskim i ljekovitim karakteristikama gore navedenih vrsta.
Detoxification is considered to be a metabolic process in which toxic substances in the body are converted into less toxic ones. According to the purpose, detoxification can be divided into therapeutic, cosmetic and preventive. More recently, consumers have developed an awareness of the effectiveness of different plant species for treating many diseases. Most teas from medicinal and aromatic herbs are prepared as a scald or infusion. In this paper, the main biological, chemical and medicinal characteristics of selected species of aromatic and medicinal herbs that can be used as tea for detoxification of the organism (parsley, yarrow, dandelion, peppermint, rosemary, sage, rosehip, common nettle) are described through the theoretical part. The aim of the survey was to examine the behavior, perceptions and knowledge of respondents about teas of selected species of aromatic and medicinal herbs for detoxification of the body. The survey was conducted during the second half of 2020. on a sample of 50 respondents. The results of the survey shows that most respondents very often consume peppermint, rosehip and sage teas. The same situation was found in the case when it comes to the use of teas exclusively for the purpose of detoxifying the body. And in terms of the general impression (color, smell, taste), respondents prefer more classic-commercial types of teas (rosehip, peppermint and sage). Also, respondents know moch about the biological, chemical and medicinal characteristics of the above species.
U zadnjih nekoliko desetljeća sve se više radi na istraživanju i uvođenju u uzgoj samoniklih i zaštićenih biljnih vrsta. Primjenom ovih vrsta u gradskim krajobrazima doprinosi se očuvanju biološke i ...krajobrazne raznolikosti. U nas još vlada trend nedovoljnog uzgoja ovih vrsta. Stoga je i cilj ovog rada bio, putem anketnog istraživanja istražiti percepciju i stavove ispitanika o ukrasnim karakteristikama i primjeni odabranih zaštićenih biljnih vrsta koje rastu na hrvatskom kršu (Por. Caryophyllaceae, Iridaceae, Liliaceae i Ranunculaceae). Kroz opći dio rada obrađuje se uvođenje novih vrsta u ukrasnu hortikulturu s naglaskom na zaštićene biljne vrste, kao i opisi odabranih potonjih vrsta s bioekološkog i zaštitarskog aspekta. Kao izvor primarnih podataka provedeno je anketno ispitivanje, u drugoj polovici 2019. godine. Rezultati pokazuju da ispitanici ukrasne karakteristike i primjenu odabranih vrsta uglavnom vrednuju s ocjenom dobar. Prosječne ocjene po vrstama su donekle približne promatrajući ukrasne karakteristike i primjenu. Razlog tome je kontinuirana uporaba alohtonih vrsta tijekom posljednjih decenija. Postoje i izuzetci u pogledu ukrasnih karakteristika i primjene kojima su dodijeljene vrlo dobre ocjene: zvjezdasti ljiljan, vele cvjetni kukurijek i velika šumarica. Način održavanja gore navedenih vrsta u uzgoju ispitanici percipiraju kao osrednje težak. Ovi preliminarni rezultati mogu se koristiti prilikom uvođenja novih vrsta u ukrasnu hortikulturu.
Over the last several decades, there has been an increase in research of wild and protected plant species and in their introduction into growing. The use of these species in urban landscapes contributes to the conservation of biological and landscape diversity. In our country, there is still a trend of insufficient growing of these species. Consequently, the specific objective of this paper was to explore the perceptions and attitudes of survey respondents concerning ornamental features and the use of selected protected plant species growing in the Croatian karst (Fam. Caryophyllaceae, Iridaceae, Liliaceae and Ranunculaceae). The general part of the paper focused on the introduction of new species into ornamental horticulture with an emphasis on protected plant species, as well as the descriptions of the selected latter species from the bio-ecological and the conservation aspect. A survey research was a primary data source and it was conducted in the second half of 2019. According to the findings, the respondents normally evaluated the ornamental features and the use of the selected species with the grade good. The average grades for different species are considerably similar in terms of ornamental features and the use. This is due to a continuous use of allochthonous species during the last several decades. There are also exceptions concerning ornamental features and the use that have been evaluated with very good grades: orange lily, black hellebore and snowdrop anemone. The respondents perceived the maintenance of the above mentioned plant species as medium. These preliminary findings can be used upon the introduction of new species into ornamental horticulture.
Alepski bor (Pinus halepensis Mill.) se koristio u pošumljavanju krša šibenske regije od sredine 19. stoljeća, te se zbog toga ova vrsta često javlja u ranije zasnovanim parkovima. Upravo zbog ...poznatih dekorativnih karakteristika, te kulturološke vrijednosti, cilj rada je izvršiti inventarizaciju i predočiti estetsku ocjenu zelenih površina s alepskim borom. U tu svrhu provedena je taksonomska analiza vrsta na zelenim površinama s alepskim borom. Florističko i anketno istraživanje je provedeno tijekom 2013. godine na području grada Šibenika. S obzirom na tip habitusa po Erhardtu i sur., 2002. dominiraju grmolike forme i alohtone dendrološke svojte. Temeljem rezultata istraživanja vizualnog dojma „geštalta”, putem anketnog ispitivanja, zaključak je da ispitanici ugodno doživljavaju parkovne prostore s alepskim borom.
UDK: 634.37:712.25(497.5 Šibenik)
The culture of breeding figs (Ficus carica L.) on the area of town Šibenik is greatly connected to rural areas, and in the town system it is rare and sporadic. Its ...decorative ability is reflected in decorative gray bark, tree tops, fragrant leaves and smaller or larger fruits black or green, which again depends on the cultivar. It is also decorative in the winter period when comes to the fore an interesting shape of the trunk. Because of these decorative characteristics and cultural value of the fig, it is necessary to give fig the meaning in landscape architecture which it belongs considering its contribution to the visual gestalt in authenticity of space. To achieve real aesthetic value of a given area fig should not be used with non-typical Mediterranean species. The aim of this work is to execute landscape valorization, inventarization and to demonstrate esthetic grade of garden landscape with figs. A taxonomic analysis of fig gardens with a spatial accent was completed in Šibenik area. According to the results of field research and considering the habitus type (according to EHHARDT et al. 2002.) it is obvious that gardens are dominated by decorative plants with bushy forms (18 families), followed by tree shapes (8 families). Based on gained results of visual gestalt research and survey interviews we can conclude that citizens experience park spaces with figs as pleasant, and that it really has a great meaning for landscape, which can be used in branding of Šibenik and surrounding areas.
Oduvijek je poznato kako se uređenju terasa i balkona poklanjala velika pažnja, ali prije svega i znanje o pojedinim vrstama cvijeća, kako ih uzgajati, njegovati i održavati. Njega o cvjetnim ...lončanicama ovisi o mjestu na kojem se uzgajaju, supstratu te vremenskim uvjetima koji djeluju na njihov rast i razvoj. Biljke koje se uzgajaju na balkonima i terasama najčešće dolaze iz Sredozemlja, tropskih ili suptropskih područja. Grad Knin ima submediteransku klimu, koju karakteriziraju duge zime s velikom količinom kiše te vruća ljeta s malo oborina. Cilj rada je bio utvrditi percepciju nabave, uporabe, primjene i održavanja cvjetnih vrsta na balkonima i terasama grada Knina metodom anketnog istraživanja. Istraživanje je provedeno tijekom mjeseca lipnja 2016. godine. Na temelju anketnog istraživanja provedenog na građanima Knina i okolice utvrđeni su njihovi stavovi i mišljenja o nabavi, uporabi i primjeni cvjetnih lončanica na terasama i balkonima. Građani su ocjenom vrlo dobar (4,37) među ostalim ocijenili važnost dekoriranja balkona ili terasa cvjetnim lončanicama kako bi se unaprijedila ukupna estetska slika grada. 47,5 % građana grada Knina navodi kako za ukrašavanje svojih balkona i terasa koristi kombinaciju trajnica, jedno i dvogodišnjih cvjetnih vrsta te lukovičastih vrsta. Boravak na balkonu ili terasi ukrašenim cvjetnim lončanicama kao zamjenu za boravak u prirodi ocijenili su ocjenom 4,12. Najmanje preferiraju uporabu cvjetnih lončanica u visećim žardinjerama (3,42).
Zahvaljujući znanstvenim istraživanjima i dokazima koji govore u prilog tomu da su prehrana i zdravlje usko povezani, potrošači se okreću skupini prehrambenih proizvoda koje nazivamo funkcionalnim, a ...kojoj pripadaju i obogaćeni proizvodi. Tjestenina je popularna i pogodna namirnica za obogaćivanje dodatkom različitih sastojaka. Cilj ovog rada bio je pripremiti svježu tjesteninu, odnosno svježe široke rezance obogaćene različitim udjelima osušenih i pulveriziranih listova maslačka te utvrditi prihvatljivost svježih i kuhanih svježih uzoraka od strane potrošača. U tu svrhu pripremljena su i ocijenjena po 4 (četiri) uzorka širokih rezanaca, svježih i kuhanih svježih, s različitim udjelima listova maslačka. Podaci dobiveni senzorskom procjenom obrađeni su i analizirani u programima Microsoft Excel te IBM SPSS Statistics 25. Rezultati su prikazani kao aritmetička sredina ± standardna devijacija. U analizi podataka korištena je jednosmjerna analiza varijance (ANOVA) uz Tukeyev
post-hoc
test. Tjestenina obogaćena sušenim i pulveriziranim listovima maslačka ocijenjena je visokim ocjenama od strane potrošača. Iz dobivenih rezultata senzorske procjene može se zaključiti da je najprihvatljiviji uzorak kontrolni uzorak, a od širokih rezanaca obogaćenih maslačkom onaj s udjelom 10 % sušenih i pulveriziranih listova maslačka na ukupne suhe sastojke i u slučaju svježih i u slučaju kuhanih svježih uzoraka. Podaci pokazuju da za neka senzorska svojstva postoje statistički značajne razlike između uzoraka, pogotovo za uzorke s najvećim udjelom listova maslačka.
Thanks to scientific research and evidence that supports the fact that nutrition and health are closely related, consumers are turning to the group of food products that we call functional foods, which also includes enriched products. Pasta is a popular and suitable food for enrichment by adding different ingredients. The aim of this work was to prepare fresh pasta, i.e. fresh wide noodles enriched with different proportions of dried and pulverized dandelion leaves, and to determine the acceptability of fresh and cooked fresh samples by consumers. For this purpose, 4 (four) samples of wide noodles, fresh and cooked fresh, with different proportions of dandelion leaves in the product recipe were prepared and evaluated. The data obtained from the sensory evaluation were processed and analyzed in Microsoft Excel and IBM SPSS Statistics 25 programs. The results are presented as arithmetic means ± standard deviation. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey's post-hoc test was used in data analysis. Pasta enriched with dried and pulverized dandelion leaves has been rated highly by consumers. From the obtained results of sensory evaluation, it can be concluded that the most acceptable sample is the control sample, and of the wide noodles enriched with dandelion, the one with a proportion of 10 % of dried and pulverized dandelion leaves to the total dry ingredients, both in the case of fresh and in the case of cooked fresh samples. The data show that for some sensory properties there are statistically significant differences between the samples, especially for the samples with the highest proportion of dandelion leaves.
Tehnologija dorade i skladištenja maka Matin, Ana; Krička, Tajana; Friganović, Emilija ...
GLASILO FUTURE,
12/2020, Letnik:
3, Številka:
4
Journal Article, Paper
Odprti dostop
Mak je uvriježeni zajednički naziv za nekoliko vrsta iz roda
Papaver
, porodice
Papaveraceae
, od kojih je komercijalno najvažnija
Papaver somniferum L.
koja se uzgaja radi proizvodnje opijuma, ulja ...i sjemenki. Upravo visoki sadržaj ulja u sjemenkama maka čini ga jako kvarljivim, stoga sjemenke nakon berbe treba odmah očistiti i osušiti iz razloga što
se sjeme maka može skladištiti s najviše 8 % vlage. Skladišta u kojima se čuva sjeme moraju biti suha, prozračna i bez stranih mirisa, a sjeme zdravo, uniformne boje, veličine i oblika. Također je moguća i dodatna dorada maka mljevenjem, kondicioniranjem i prešanjem.
Poppy has become a common name for several species from the
Papaver
genus, the
Papaveraceae
family, of which the most commercially important
is
P. somniferum
, which is grown for the production of opium, edible oil and seeds. It is the high oil content in poppy seed that makes it very perishable, so the seed should be cleaned, dried immediately after harvesting because poppy seed can be stored with a maximum of 8 % moisture content. Warehouses where seed is stored must be dry, airy and free of foreign odors, and seed should be healthy, uniform in color, size and shape. It is also possible to further process the poppy seed by
grinding, conditioning and pressing.
The aim of this study was to analyse RASFF notifications on allergens in cereals and cereal-based products in the period from 01/01/2015 to 31/12/2019. Allergies caused by food intake due to the ...presence of an allergen can pose a serious danger to the health of consumers. In order to promptly respond to any health risks related to food, food contact materials, or feed, The Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) enables quick information exchange between the bodies and institutions involved in the system. All data on allergens in cereals and cereal-based products were downloaded from the RASFF database (RASFF portal) and processed in MS Excel 2010. The collected data provided information on the: notifying country, country(ies) of origin and distribution of the food product in question, notification basis, notification type, risk decision, distribution status, action taken, allergen present and respective food product. More than half of the reported food products originated from Italy, Germany, United Kingdom and Netherlands. Almost half of notifications were published by United Kingdom, Germany, Italy and Spain. The most common allergens were milk, gluten and soya. Products in question in more than two-fifths of cases were pastry (sweet or savoury). The majority of the notifications were classified as alert notifications and a vast majority of total number of notifications were of serious risk. Allergen notifications were mainly based on official controls on the market and on company's own check but some were based on food poisoning. Just over two-thirds of products in question were distributed to other (member and non-member) countries and in over two-thirds of the notifications products in question were withdrawn or recalled.
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