Abstract I employ the Lucy rectification algorithm to recover the inclination-corrected distribution of local disk galaxies in the plane of absolute magnitude ( M i ) and H i velocity width ( W 20 ). ...By considering the inclination angle as a random variable with a known probability distribution, the novel approach eliminates one major source of uncertainty in studies of the Tully–Fisher relation: inclination angle estimation from axial ratio. Leveraging the statistical strength derived from the entire sample of 28,264 H i -selected disk galaxies at z < 0.06 from the Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA survey, I show that the restored distribution follows a sharp correlation that is approximately a power law between −16 > M i > −22: M i = M 0 − 2.5 β log ( W 20 / 250 km / s ) , with M 0 = −19.77± 0.04 and β = 4.39 ± 0.06. At the brighter end ( M i < −22), the slope of the correlation decreases to β ≈ 3.3, confirming previous results. Because the method accounts for measurement errors, the intrinsic dispersion of the correlation is directly measured: σ ( log W 20 ) ≈ 0.06 dex between −17 > M i > −23, while σ ( M i ) decreases from ∼0.8 in slow rotators to ∼0.4 in fast rotators. The statistical rectification method holds significant potential, especially in the studies of intermediate-to-high-redshift samples, where limited spatial resolution hinders precise measurements of inclination angles.
In this paper, we carried out a systematic investigation for the excited doubly heavy baryons production in Z-boson decays within the NRQCD factorization approach. Our investigation accounts for all ...the P-wave intermediate diquark states, i.e.〈cc〉P113¯, 〈cc〉PJ36, 〈bc〉P113¯/6, 〈bc〉PJ33¯/6, 〈bb〉P113¯, and 〈bb〉PJ36 with J=(0,1,2). The results show that contributions from all diquark states in P-wave were 7%, 8%, and 3% in comparing with S-wave for the production of Ξcc, Ξbc and Ξbb via Z-boson decay, respectively. Based on these results, we predicted about 0.539×103(106) events for Ξcc, 1.827×103(106) events for Ξbc, and 0.036×103(106) events for Ξbb can be produced annually at the LHC (CEPC). Additionally, we plot the differential decay widths of Ξcc, Ξbc and Ξbb as a function of the invariant mass s23 and energy function z distributions, and analyze the theoretical uncertainties in decay width arising from the mass parameters of heavy quark.
Background and Aim
Remimazolam tosilate (RT) is a new short‐acting GABA(A) receptor agonist, having potential to be an effective option for procedural sedation. Here, we aimed to compare the efficacy ...and safety of RT with propofol in patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.
Methods
This positive‐controlled, non‐inferiority, phase III trial recruited patients at 17 centers, between September 2017 and November 2017. A total of 384 patients scheduled to undergo upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were randomly assigned to receive RT or propofol. Primary endpoint was the success rate of sedation. Adverse events (AEs) were recorded to evaluate safety.
Results
The success rate of sedation in the RT group was non‐inferior to that in the propofol group (97.34% vs 100.00%; difference in rate −2.66%, 95% CI −4.96 to −0.36, meeting criteria for non‐inferiority). Patients in the RT group had longer time to adequate sedation (P < 0.0001) but shorter time to fully alert (P < 0.0001) than that in the propofol group. The incidences of hypotension (13.04% vs 42.86%, P < 0.0001), treatment‐related hypotension (0.54% vs 5.82%, P < 0.0001), and respiratory depression (1.09% vs 6.88%, P = 0.0064) were significantly lower in the RT group. AEs were reported in 74 (39.15%) patients in the RT group and 114 (60.32%) patients in the propofol group, with significant difference (P < 0.0001).
Conclusion
This trial established non‐inferior sedation success rate of RT compared with propofol. RT allows faster recovery from sedation compared with propofol. The safety profile is favorable and appears to be superior to propofol, indicating that it was feasible and well tolerated for patients.
Abstract The GAMA J0913−0107 system is a rare conjunction of a submillimeter galaxy (SMG) at z ≈ 2.7 and two background QSOs with projected separations <200 kpc. Previous high-resolution QSO ...absorption-line spectroscopy has revealed high H i column density, extremely metal-poor (∼1% solar) gas streams in the circumgalactic medium of the SMG. Here we present deep optical integral-field spectroscopy of the system with the Keck Cosmic Web Imager (KCWI). Reaching a 2 σ surface brightness limit ≈10 −19 erg s −1 cm −2 arcsec −2 with ∼2 hr of integration time, we detect a filamentary Ly α nebula stretching ∼180 kpc from the SMG intercepting both QSO sightlines. This Ly α filament may correspond to the same cool gas stream penetrating through the hot halo seen in the absorption. In contrast to Ly α nebulae around QSOs, there is no obvious local source for photoionization due to the massive dust content. While uncertain, we consider the possibility that the nebula is ionized by shocks induced by the infall, obscured star formation, and/or a boosted UV background. The SMG–QSOs conjunction multiplied the efficiency of the KCWI observations, allowing a direct comparison of Ly α nebulae in two distinct environments. We find that the nebulae around the QSOs are much brighter and show steeper surface brightness profiles than the SMG nebula. This is consistent with the additional photoionization and Ly α scattering provided by the QSOs. While illustrating the challenges of detecting Ly α nebulae around SMGs, our work also demonstrates that important insights can be gained from comparative studies of high- z Ly α nebulae.
C–H arylation via a Pd(II)/Pd(IV) catalytic cycle has been one of the most extensively studied C–H activation reactions since the 1990s. Despite the rapid development of this reaction in the past ...two decades, an enantioselective version has not been reported to date. Herein, we report a Pd(II)-catalyzed highly enantioselective (up to 99.5% ee) arylation of cyclopropyl C–H bonds with aryl iodides using mono-N-protected amino acid (MPAA) ligands, providing a new route for the preparation of chiral cis-aryl-cyclopropylmethylamines. The enantiocontrol is also shown to override the diastereoselectivity of chiral substrates.
The Griffiths singularity in a phase transition, caused by disorder effects, was predicted more than 40 years ago. Its signature, the divergence of the dynamical critical exponent, is challenging to ...observe experimentally. We report the experimental observation of the quantum Griffiths singularity in a two-dimensional superconducting system. We measured the transport properties of atomically thin gallium films and found that the films undergo superconductor-metal transitions with increasing magnetic field. Approaching the zero-temperature quantum critical point, we observed divergence of the dynamical critical exponent, which is consistent with the Griffiths singularity behavior. We interpret the observed superconductor-metal quantum phase transition as the infinite-randomness critical point, where the properties of the system are controlled by rare large superconducting regions.
Two fluorescein-based chemosensors have been developed. They exhibited rapid and selective detection of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP) via fluorescence quenching both in ethanol and water solution when ...excited by visible light.
A dual mode fluorescent probe, which is based on an integration of fluorescein and coumarin fluorophores, was developed for the discrimination of Cys from Hcy and GSH. This probe (2) shows the ...advantage of quick reaction (5 min) with Cys, resulting in a strong fluorescence turn-on response when excited at 450 nm. Notably, it also demonstrates the ratiometric fluorescence property while excited by a shorter wavelength (332 nm). All of results suggest probe 2 has a high selectivity toward Cys even in the presence of other amino acids, cations and anions. The detection limit of Cys was calculated as 0.084 μM, which was much lower than the intracellular concentration. 1H NMR, MS and DFT calculation were used to reveal the detection mechanism further. Finally, this low cytotoxic probe was successfully applied in bioimaging within HepG2 cells.
Cross-modality interaction in sensory perception is advantageous for animals’ survival. How cortical sensory processing is cross-modally modulated and what are the underlying neural circuits remain ...poorly understood. In mouse primary visual cortex (V1), we discovered that orientation selectivity of layer (L)2/3, but not L4, excitatory neurons was sharpened in the presence of sound or optogenetic activation of projections from primary auditory cortex (A1) to V1. The effect was manifested by decreased average visual responses yet increased responses at the preferred orientation. It was more pronounced at lower visual contrast and was diminished by suppressing L1 activity. L1 neurons were strongly innervated by A1-V1 axons and excited by sound, while visual responses of L2/L3 vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) neurons were suppressed by sound, both preferentially at the cell’s preferred orientation. These results suggest that the cross-modality modulation is achieved primarily through L1 neuron- and L2/L3 VIP-cell-mediated inhibitory and disinhibitory circuits.
•Layer (L)5 neurons in A1 project directly to superficial layers of V1•Sound sharpens orientation selectivity of V1 L2/L3 pyramidal neurons•V1 L1 neurons, strongly innervated by A1 axons, mediate the sharpening effect•Visual responses of V1 L2/L3 VIP neurons are differentially suppressed by sound
Cross-modality interaction in sensory perception is advantageous for animals’ survival. Ibrahim et al. show that sound concurrent with visual stimuli sharpens orientation selectivity of primary visual cortical principal neurons, achieved through auditory cortex projections to layer 1 of visual cortex.
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury leads to high mortality and morbidity due to the incomplete understanding of the underlying mechanism and the consequent lack of effective therapy. The ...present study revealed and validated key candidate genes in relation to inflammation and apoptosis pathways underlying myocardial I/R injury. Cathepsin S was identified as the top hub protein based on the protein–protein interaction analysis, and, thus, its role during myocardial I/R injury was further investigated. Myocardial I/R in mice resulted in significantly increased levels of myocardial injury biomarkers (cardiac troponin I, lactic dehydrogenase, and creatinine kinase‐MB) and inflammatory cytokines (interleukin‐1β IL‐1β, IL‐6, and tumor necrosis factor‐α), elevated apoptosis rate, and upregulated protein expression of cleaved caspase‐8, cleaved caspase‐3, and cleaved poly ADP‐ribose polymerase. These abovementioned changes were blocked by two different selective cathepsin S inhibitors, LY3000328 or MIV‐247. Moreover, Kaplan–Meier survival plot showed that cathepsin S inhibition improved 21‐day survival rate following myocardial I/R injury. This study demonstrated that the inhibition of cathepsin S alleviated myocardial I/R‐induced injury by suppressing inflammation and apoptosis, which may be used in clinical applications of cardioprotection.
The present study revealed and validated key candidate genes in relation to inflammation and apoptosis pathways underlying myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Cathepsin S was identified as the top hub protein based on the protein–protein interaction analysis, and, thus, its role during myocardial I/R injury was further investigated. The inhibition of cathepsin S alleviated myocardial I/R‐induced injury by suppressing inflammation and apoptosis, which may be used in clinical applications of cardioprotection.
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