An orthogonal vector approach is proposed for the synthesis of multi-beam directional modulation (DM) transmitters. These systems have the capability of concurrently projecting independent data ...streams into different specified spatial directions while simultaneously distorting signal constellations in all other directions. Simulated bit error rate (BER) spatial distributions are presented for various multi-beam system configurations in order to illustrate representative examples of physical layer security performance enhancement that can be achieved.
After the 2008 crisis, smart sustainable development of port areas/cities should be developed on the basis of specific principles: the synergy principle (between different actors/systems, in ...particular the socio-cultural and economic system), the creativity principle and the circularization principle. The Historic Urban landscape (HUL) approach becomes the guarantee that the transition toward the smart city development model is based on specific local cultural resources, and not only on technological innovations. In other words, the eco-town/eco-city strategy becomes culture-led. It stimulates places as spatial “loci” for implementing synergies and circularization processes. Without new evaluation tools and a widespread “evaluation culture” the risks in implementing HUL are very high.
Abstract Transition to parenthood represents an important life event which increases vulnerability to psychological disorders. Aim of this article is to analyze all studies which investigated the ...effects of untreated perinatal paternal depression in offspring. We searched pertinent, peer-reviewed articles published in English (January 1980-April 2016) on MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Science.gov. Twenty-three studies met the inclusion criteria. Most of the reviewed studies suffer from methodological limitations, including the small sample, the lack of a structured psychiatric diagnosis, and inclusion bias. Despite such limitations, paternal depression seems to be associated with an increased risk of developmental and behavioural problems and even psychiatric disorders in offspring. In particular, in infants and toddlers such problems vary from increased crying to hyperactivity and conduct problems to psychological and developmental impairment, and poor social outcomes. School-age children of depressed fathers have a doubled risk for suffering from specific psychiatric disorders. Hence, facilitating access to vigorous and evidence based treatments is a public health opportunity for improving the quality of life of depressed parents and their children. Evidences emerging from this review actually suggest that the traditional gender-focused approach to perinatal mood disorders should be completed by a family-centred approach , in order to improve the effectiveness of perinatal mental health programs.
Climate change is an issue at the heart of Arctic policies, as its effects are most visible in the polar regions. Climate change puts the unique Arctic ecosystem and cultural diversity of the region ...at serious risk. The strong link between environment and culture is very evident among indigenous communities, whose identity is closely linked to traditional nature-based activities. This article explores the mechanisms of deliberative democracy in natural resource management in the Arctic. The analysis was carried out through the disquisition of national legal sources and international instruments on human rights, indigenous rights, and constitutional texts. The paper also includes a brief examination of the effectiveness of the public consultation processes that the author collected in March 2019 during fieldwork in Kiruna, Sweden.
Sommario: Il cambiamento climatico è una questione al centro delle politiche artiche, poiché i suoi effetti sono più visibili nelle regioni polari. Il cambiamento climatico pone l’ecosistema artico e la diversità culturale della regione a grave rischio. Il forte legame tra ambiente e cultura è molto forte tra le comunità indigene, la cui identità è strettamente legata alle attività tradizionali basate sulla natura. Le attività come la caccia, pesca, agricoltura si basano sul know-how indigeno tramandato da millenni. Questo articolo esplora i meccanismi della democrazia deliberativa nella gestione delle risorse naturali nell’Artico. L’analisi è stata condotta attraverso la disquisizione di fonti giuridiche nazionali e strumenti internazionali sui diritti umani, sui diritti indigeni e sui testi costituzionali. Il documento include anche un breve esame dell’efficacia dei processi di consultazione pubblica che l’autore ha raccolto nel marzo 2019 durante una ricerca sul campo a Kiruna, in Svezia.
The mechanisms by which neutralizing antibodies inhibit Marburg virus (MARV) are not known. We isolated a panel of neutralizing antibodies from a human MARV survivor that bind to MARV glycoprotein ...(GP) and compete for binding to a single major antigenic site. Remarkably, several of the antibodies also bind to Ebola virus (EBOV) GP. Single-particle EM structures of antibody-GP complexes reveal that all of the neutralizing antibodies bind to MARV GP at or near the predicted region of the receptor-binding site. The presence of the glycan cap or mucin-like domain blocks binding of neutralizing antibodies to EBOV GP, but not to MARV GP. The data suggest that MARV-neutralizing antibodies inhibit virus by binding to infectious virions at the exposed MARV receptor-binding site, revealing a mechanism of filovirus inhibition.
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•Marburg virus survivor-neutralizing antibodies bind to a single antigenic site•Several of the survivors’ antibodies also bind to Ebola virus glycoprotein•All antibodies identified bind at the predicted region of the receptor-binding site•Binding to receptor-binding site is a new mechanism of filovirus inhibition
The characterization of Marburg-specific antibodies in several patients who survived the infection reveals a common binding site in the viral glycoprotein and a mechanism for filovirus inhibition.
The filoviruses, including Marburg and Ebola, express a single glycoprotein on their surface, termed GP, which is responsible for attachment and entry of target cells. Filovirus GPs differ by up to ...70% in protein sequence, and no antibodies are yet described that cross-react among them. Here, we present the 3.6 Å crystal structure of Marburg virus GP in complex with a cross-reactive antibody from a human survivor, and a lower resolution structure of the antibody bound to Ebola virus GP. The antibody, MR78, recognizes a GP1 epitope conserved across the filovirus family, which likely represents the binding site of their NPC1 receptor. Indeed, MR78 blocks binding of the essential NPC1 domain C. These structures and additional small-angle X-ray scattering of mucin-containing MARV and EBOV GPs suggest why such antibodies were not previously elicited in studies of Ebola virus, and provide critical templates for development of immunotherapeutics and inhibitors of entry.
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•Structure of the Marburg virus GP bound by MR78, a cross-reactive human antibody•The epitope is conserved among filoviruses and is the likely receptor-binding site•The antibody-GP interaction mimics that made by the Ebola virus glycan cap•Mucin domain structure may cause mAbs to react to Ebola and Marburg differently
The structures of Marburg virus glycoprotein in complex with a cross-reactive human antibody, as well as of the Ebola virus glycoprotein bound to the same antibody, reveal that there is a conserved epitope among filoviruses that overlaps with the putative receptor-binding site. These studies provide a map by which therapy with cross-reactive antibodies and inhibitors of entry could be developed.
In healthy population groups, moderate to vigorous physical activity was associated with longer life expectancy, 2 thanks to its pleiotropic effects. 3 Furthermore, Prof Cannon showed the ...well-established paradigm shift regarding the efficacy and safety of exercise in patients with ischemic diseases 4 or chronic heart failure, 5 a favorable effect extended even to moderate intensity physical activity. 6 Going straight to the heart of the conference, challenging clinical scenarios in athletes were discussed as congenital heart diseases or acquired cardiac diseases and the possibilities and risks concerning competitive sports participation. Fundamentally, it appears mandatory to reduce the risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) while simultaneously avoiding unnecessary sports restrictions. For these reasons, the PPS for cardiovascular diseases carried out before any physical activity is crucial and in this field, Italy has shown up to have a leading history, since 1982 until our days. 7 As evidenced by the study of Prof Sarto et al., the PPS, with appropriate risk stratification for SCD and related clinical treatment, can help to reduce mortality during long-term follow-up. 8 The screening for return-to-play has also gained importance in the last period, and its cost for the national health systems was addressed during the conference, as well. 9–11 An entire session was dedicated to discussing the European Union Recovery and Resilience Plan: a wide-ranging response aimed at mitigating the economic and social impact of the coronavirus pandemic and making European economies and societies better geared to future challenges.
Personnel must frequently monitor and record the temperature inside each cold storage unit to maintain the quality of vaccines, pharmaceuticals, blood and tissue samples, research materials, and ...other medical inventory stored in refrigerators and freezers. Installing a remote monitoring system with temperature sensors can save time, money, and anxiety. Here, Fusco presents 11 questions to ask before installing a cloud-based monitoring system.
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