This work aimed to validate the removal of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) in a pilot system (on-site). Six piles of oil-contaminated soil were treated with 1) bioremediation (BIO) by three ...simultaneous technologies (bioaugmentation (bacterial consortium), phyto- (Panicum maximum) and vermiremediation (Pontoscolex corethrurus)), and compared with 2) natural attenuation (NA). Removal of alkanes, polycyclic aromatics (PAH), total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), and bacterial diversity were evaluated at 0, 35, 70, and 112 days. Biomass and number of shoots of P. maximum, the secondary vegetation, and the abundance of meso and macrofauna were measured initially and at the end. After 112 days, BIO significantly removed more alkanes (76%), PAH (68%), and TPH (76%) than NA treatment (23%, 19%, 24%). P. maximum biomass increased significantly (300%), with 97.3 ± 11.8 shoots m−2. After 112 days, the secondary plants Lippia dulcis, Taraxacum officinale, Bidens pilosa and bacterial phylum Actinobacteria (18%) were the most abundant. The abundance of the earthworm Protozapotecia australis was reduced, while the most abundant group of mesofauna was Acari (56%–71%). This combination of technologies improved the development of grass and secondary plants, which generated a more favorable microhabitat for soil organisms to remove TPH more efficiently.
•Bacterial/vermi/phyto-bioremediation removes >70% of TPH in a pilot system.•The biomass and number of grass shoots increased significantly after 112 days.•Twenty-one herbaceous were identified after bioremediation after 112 days.•Mixed bioremediation ameliorates soil health.
Display omitted
The objective of the study is to identify the risk factors associated with mortality at six weeks, especially by analyzing the role of antivirals and munomodulators.
Prospective descriptive ...multicenter cohort study.
26 Intensive care units (ICU) from Andalusian region in Spain.
Consecutive critically ill patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were included from March 8 to May 30.
None.
Variables analyzed were demographic, severity scores and clinical condition. Support therapy, drug and mortality were analyzed. An univariate followed by multivariate Cox regression with propensity score analysis was applied.
495 patients were enrolled, but 73 of them were excluded for incomplete data. Thus, 422 patients were included in the final analysis. Median age was 63 years and 305 (72.3%) were men. ICU mortality: 144/422 34%; 14 days mortality: 81/422 (19.2%); 28 days mortality: 121/422 (28.7%); 6-week mortality 152/422 36.5%. By multivariable Cox proportional analysis, factors independently associated with 42-day mortality were age, APACHE II score, SOFA score at ICU admission >6, Lactate dehydrogenase at ICU admission >470U/L, Use of vasopressors, extrarenal depuration, %lymphocytes 72h post-ICU admission <6.5%, and thrombocytopenia whereas the use of lopinavir/ritonavir was a protective factor.
Age, APACHE II, SOFA>value of 6 points, along with vasopressor requirements or renal replacement therapy have been identified as predictor factors of mortality at six weeks. Administration of corticosteroids showed no benefits in mortality, as did treatment with tocilizumab. Lopinavir/ritonavir administration is identified as a protective factor.
The possible management of Fruit and Vegetable Solid Wastes (FVSWs) through their simultaneous digestion with the primary sludge of Municipal Wastewater Treatment plants is investigated. This ...alternative allows the recovery of energy and a solid product that can be used as an amendment for soils that generated the residue, while is not expensive. Results indicate that the ratio of FVSWs to sludge and the pH control are the main variables determining the methane production and concentration. NaHCO
3
was selected to achieve the pH control. The results for a ratio of 50% sludge together with 10 g NaHCO
3
/kg of residue are among the best obtained, with a methane yield of about 90 L per kg of volatile solids, and a methane concentration of 40% (v/v) of the biogas. A 50% reduction of the total solids; 21% reduction of the volatile solids (in terms of total solids); and a pH value of the sludge, which is 6.9 indicate that the digested sludge can be a good material for soil amendment.
Resumen Objetivos Identificar factores que llevaron al fracaso del tratamiento quirúrgico en 302 mujeres con incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo (IUE) tratadas mediante cinta suburetral ...transobturatriz (TOT) con seguimiento de 4 años (rango 1-6). Material y métodos 302 mujeres incontinentes de 41-81 años fueron intervenidas mediante TOT entre abril de 2003 y noviembre de 2010. Los datos se recogieron mediante el cuestionario validado para incontinencia de orina, el International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire — Short Form (ICIQ-SF), y los registros clínicos de la historia. En 262 se consiguió continencia (grupo A) y 40 siguieron incontinentes (grupo B). Se investigó: edad, tiempo de evolución de IUE, tipo y número de partos (eutócicos, distócicos, nuliparidad, multiparidad) y antecedentes médicos y/ o quirúrgicos. Se empleó el cuestionario ICIQ-SF para asignar si los resultados de la cirugía fueron o no exitosos. Resultados El grupo A presentó menor edad (p = 0,0001), menos tiempo de evolución de IUE (p = 0,017) y más partos eutócicos (p = 0,00002). El grupo B presentó más partos distócicos (p = 0,002), colocación previa de cinta vaginal libre de tensión (TVT) o TOT (p = 0,03), tratamiento antidepresivo-ansiolítico (p = 0,003), tratamiento antihipertensivo (p = 0,0005), DMID (p = 0.02), HTA (p = 0,0007), trastornos respiratorios (p = 0,025). No hubo diferencia en nuliparidad (p = 0,7), multiparidad (p = 0,4), obesidad (p = 0,18), trastornos intestinales (p = 0,59), anexectomía (p = 0,19), cesárea (p = 0,17), colposuspensión (p = 0,29), histerectomía (p = 0,57), alergias (p = 0,48), artritis (p = 0,22), artrosis (p = 0,44), depresión (p = 0,74), DMNID (p = 0,44), tabaquismo (p = 0,28) o fibromialgia (p = 0,47). Conclusiones Edad avanzada, largo tiempo de evolución de la incontinencia urinaria, antecedentes de partos distócicos y la colocación de TVT o TOT previamente aparecen como los factores independientes más asociados al fracaso del TOT, y pueden hacer aconsejable la indicación de otra técnica quirúrgica.
While direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are frequently used to treat venous thromboembolism (VTE), the outcomes of patients with inherited thrombophilia (IT) receiving DOACs for VTE remain ...understudied. We used data from the international RIETE registry to compare the rates of VTE recurrences, major bleeding, and mortality during anticoagulant treatment in VTE patients with and without IT, grouped by the use of DOACs or standard anticoagulant therapy. Among 103,818 enrolled patients, 21,089 (20.3%) were tested for IT, of whom 8422 (39.9%) tested positive: Protein C deficiency 294, Protein S deficiency 726, Antithrombin deficiency 240, Factor V Leiden 2248, Prothrombin gene mutation 1434, combined IT 3480. Overall, 14,189 RIETE patients (6.2% with IT) received DOACs, and 89,629 standard anticoagulation (8.4% with IT), mostly with heparins followed by vitamin K antagonists. Proportions of patients receiving DOACs did not differ between IT-positive and IT-negative patients. Rates of VTE recurrence on anticoagulant treatment were highest in patients with AT deficiency (
P
< 0.01). Rates of on-treatment major bleeding and all-cause mortality were lowest among patients with Factor V Leiden (FVL) or PT G20210A mutations, compared with patients who tested negative. Patients with IT who received DOACs had lower rates of major bleeding than those receiving standard anticoagulation. Excluding FVL and Protein S deficiency, patients with IT had lower rates of VTE recurrence with DOACs than with standard anticoagulation. DOACs are equally safe and effective in VTE patients with IT, with lower bleeding rates than those on standard anticoagulation.
Summary
Predictive tools for major bleeding (MB) using machine learning (ML) might be advantageous over traditional methods. We used data from the Registro Informatizado de Enfermedad TromboEmbólica ...(RIETE) to develop ML algorithms to identify patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) at increased risk of MB during the first 3 months of anticoagulation. A total of 55 baseline variables were used as predictors. New data prospectively collected from the RIETE were used for further validation. The RIETE and VTE‐BLEED scores were used for comparisons. External validation was performed with the COMMAND‐VTE database. Learning was carried out with data from 49 587 patients, of whom 873 (1.8%) had MB. The best performing ML method was XGBoost. In the prospective validation cohort the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and F1 score were: 33.2%, 93%, 10%, and 15.4% respectively. F1 value for the RIETE and VTE‐BLEED scores were 8.6% and 6.4% respectively. In the external validation cohort the metrics were 10.3%, 87.6%, 3.5% and 5.2% respectively. In that cohort, the F1 value for the RIETE score was 17.3% and for the VTE‐BLEED score 9.75%. The performance of the XGBoost algorithm was better than that from the RIETE and VTE‐BLEED scores only in the prospective validation cohort, but not in the external validation cohort.
West Nile virus (WNV) is one of the most widely distributed flaviviruses worldwide, and it is considered an endemic and emerging pathogen in different areas of Europe and the Mediterranean. ...Mosquitoes of the genus Culex spp. transmit it, and its main vertebrate hosts are birds, although it can occasionally infect mammals, including humans. Different environmental factors, mainly climatic, can influence the distribution and transmission of the virus, through its effects on vector and/or host populations. The objective of this study is to carry out a systematic review to determine the environmental factors associated with the distribution of vectors and the transmission of WNV in the European Union (EU) and Mediterranean countries.
Systematic peer review of indexed articles in PubMed, Scopus, Embase and CENTRAL published between 2000 and 2020. We selected studies on WNV and its vector Culex spp. carried out in the EU and Mediterranean countries in the last two decades. The search included terms referring to climatic factors such as temperature, precipitation, humidity, drought and flood events, as well as other environmental factors such as the altitude of the study area and changes in habitat or land use.
We registered the protocol of the systematic review in PROSPERO. The search, selection and inclusion of studies, as well as data extraction, has been carried out. Preliminary results are as follows: 63 included studies, 32% conducted in Italy. Culex spp is studied in 43% of the studies, in 40% host animals (mainly birds and horses) and in 21% humans, among others. In 56% and 29% of the studies, a significant relationship was observed between changes in temperature and precipitation patterns and the epidemiology of WNV, respectively.
The epidemiology of WNV seems to be related to climatic factors; mainly temperature and precipitation are associated with changes in the transmission dynamics of WNV in the study area. To improve the surveillance and control of this emerging disease, it would be necessary to monitor these changes as well.
Analysis of marine cyanobacteria and proteobacteria genomes has provided a profound understanding of the life strategies of these organisms and their ecotype differentiation and metabolisms. However, ...a comparable analysis of the Bacteroidetes, the third major bacterioplankton group, is still lacking. In the present paper, we report on the genome of Polaribacter sp. strain MED152. On the one hand, MED152 contains a substantial number of genes for attachment to surfaces or particles, gliding motility, and polymer degradation. This agrees with the currently assumed life strategy of marine Bacteroidetes. On the other hand, it contains the proteorhodopsin gene, together with a remarkable suite of genes to sense and respond to light, which may provide a survival advantage in the nutrient-poor sun-lit ocean surface when in search of fresh particles to colonize. Furthermore, an increase in CO₂ fixation in the light suggests that the limited central metabolism is complemented by anaplerotic inorganic carbon fixation. This is mediated by a unique combination of membrane transporters and carboxylases. This suggests a dual life strategy that, if confirmed experimentally, would be notably different from what is known of the two other main bacterial groups (the autotrophic cyanobacteria and the heterotrophic proteobacteria) in the surface oceans. The Polaribacter genome provides insights into the physiological capabilities of proteorhodopsin-containing bacteria. The genome will serve as a model to study the cellular and molecular processes in bacteria that express proteorhodopsin, their adaptation to the oceanic environment, and their role in carbon-cycling.
PDF
