This paper contributes a weighted composite indicator of competitiveness for 136 world tourist destinations. To that end, Data Envelopment Analysis and Multi-Criteria-Decision-Making techniques are ...used with raw indicators from the 2017 edition of the Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report of the World Economic Forum (WEF). An outstanding feature of our approach is that weights are endogenously generated. Furthermore, the role played by several variables in tourism competitiveness is assessed using truncated regression and bootstrapping. The ranking of world tourist destinations produced by our weighted composite indicator of competitiveness is, however, fairly similar to that derived from the unweighted indicator provided by the WEF. Furthermore, we also find that several economic, geographical, cultural and political features are significant determinants of the competitiveness of tourist destinations.
•This paper provides a weighted composite indicator of competitiveness for 136 world tourist destinations.•Weights are endogenously generated with Data Envelopment Analysis and Multi-Criteria-Decision-Making techniques.•Our ranking of world tourist destinations is similar to that from the unweighted indicator by the Word Economic Forum.•The level of development, international connection or the quality of democracy all boost destinations' competitiveness.
Recently, more countries have implemented policies aimed at enhancing the synergy between two strategic sectors: tourism and the creative industries. This article assesses this relationship for a ...sample of European regions (171 regions). Our main contribution lies in assessing how the accumulation of resources linked to the cultural and creative sectors helps to maximize tourism competitiveness—measured by means of an efficiency model. From a methodological point of view, we apply a two-stage model. First, we construct a tourism efficiency indicator and five synthetic indicators of creativity by means of data envelopment analysis. Secondly, we test the influence of the accumulation of creative industries on regions’ tourism competitiveness by means of a regression analysis. The results can be used to draw conclusions which are applicable in the field of management so that destinations can find competitive advantages for their tourism sector and thus enhance their cultural and creative capita.
Our aim is to evaluate the efficiency of tourist destinations at a global scale, considering 140 countries and drawing on World Economic Forum 2019 data. The approach follows three stages. First, we ...try to solve the problem of sample heterogeneity through cluster analysis to obtain homogeneous groups of countries. Second, we apply data envelopment analysis to evaluate countries’ efficiency as tourist destinations, considering a territorially based virtual production function which optimizes the flow of revenue from international tourism grounded on a set of inputs such as accommodation capacity, employment of tourist sector and volume of tourist arrivals. Finally, we identify which external factors might determine tourism efficiency by using bootstrap truncated regression analysis. We obtain two groups of countries which evidence differential levels of competitiveness. Rather than natural resources, cultural heritage in a broad sense seems to act as factor that enhances tourism efficiency.
We evaluate tourist efficiency in Latin‐America and the Caribbean, an area of growing interest in international tourism. We take 17 countries with homogeneous information for 2011–2015 and apply a ...two‐stage conditioned evaluation. We gauge efficiency using data envelopment analysis of a production function to maximize overnight stays given tourist resources and estimate the impact of external factors for infrastructures, cultural and natural resources, level of development, and so forth. We use a double bootstrap procedure to correct bias in efficiency ratios and serial correlation with second stage variables. We find that countries operate below their possibilities when attracting international tourism. The most efficient are in the Caribbean and Mexico, who specialize in sun and sand tourism. There is evidence that cultural resources and transport infrastructure improve performance. We find the opposite for natural resources and other infrastructures. This research furthers our knowledge of tourist efficiency analysis in an area where such studies remain scarce.
The article involves a study along the line of performance analysis of tourist destinations, yet taking the regions as territorial units and cultural tourism as a tourist flow to be explored. The aim ...of this study is therefore to evaluate the technical efficiency of regions in attracting greater flows of cultural tourism considering their own cultural resources available in the medium term. The analysis will be carried out at a regional disaggregation level in Spain, and one hypothetical production function will be designed to link cultural resources and demand. We adopt a two-stage procedure to evaluate regional efficiency as cultural destinations: first, measuring performance by non-parametric methods; and second, analysing how other external variables might determine these efficiency ratios. In this case, we consider indicators representing reputation, accessibility, the omnivorous nature of cultural tourism as well as the scope to the regional cultural sector. The findings of this research have implications for economic development and regional disparity analysis and may also prove to be of potential interest vis-à-vis economic policy.
Most studies on performance evaluation in the cultural sector are based on the efficiency assessment of a network of institutions. Nevertheless, very few works take territorial divisions as the case ...study. Under this approach, we design a spatial production function which merges several cultural resources in order to optimize the impact of a regional system of cultural institutions in terms of cultural production and use of services provided. The aim of this paper is therefore to evaluate the efficiency of cultural heritage institutions in Spain from a regional perspective. We take regional networks of museums and libraries as emblematic case studies over a long period, from 2002 to 2020. We first apply a dynamic-network DEA model to measure efficiency, which allows the production function to be divided into stages and time intervals, considering inter-reliant inputs between production phases and time lapses. We also apply truncated regression models to study the effect of external variables on regional cultural efficiency, especially those related to socioeconomic conditions in regions, the scope of the cultural and tourist sector, and institutional indicators. Results show that regional cultural efficiency depends on the level of training and on the demographic structure rather than on economic wealth. Differences are also found between the goals of cultural production and cultural consumption (visitor impact). These findings might prove useful for policy implications regarding resource allocation vis-à-vis defining and accomplishing cultural purposes at a regional scale, and also for revealing causes of inefficiency with a view to improving quality in institutions –which ultimately drives economic development.
•We evaluate the efficiency of cultural institutions from a regional perspective.•We use DNDEA to measure regional efficiency and truncated regression to evaluate external effects.•The stage on cultural consumption impact is always more efficient than cultural production, both in museums and libraries.•Regional cultural efficiency depends on the level of training rather than economic wealth.•Cultural sector size affects efficiency in programming and tourism controls impact success.
The aim of this work is to posit a model to evaluate the efficiency of a system of urban public libraries and to examine the impact of certain contextual variables on the level of performance. We ...take the System of Public Libraries in the city of Medellin (Colombia) as a case study and consider a production function which displays three main characteristics. First, it is a complete production function which spans the different activities undertaken by these institutions, not only the one that identifies it with its function as a repository of knowledge. Second, there is the production function in stages, which allows us to distinguish between the various activities controlled by management from those coproduced with users, together with the link between the two. The third is a production function which takes into account temporal interdependence relations by identifying quasi-fixed inputs that remain for the provision of the service over time. This then allows us to analyse how efficiency evolves during the period in question. Efficiency evaluation is carried out by employing a dynamic-network-DEA model and we also apply truncated bootstrap regression to estimate the effect of certain contextual variables on library efficiency. The results evidence a growing trend in the efficiency indices, with values that are slightly more favourable in the second stage of service provision than in the stage focusing on managing the cultural programme. Factors such as the level of education, population density, youthfulness, and safety are seen to positively affect library performance, particularly in the second stage vis-à-vis the public.
•We analyse efficiency evaluation of urban public libraries, examining the effect of environmental variables.•We break down libraries’ production function into stages with inter-reliant inputs and intertemporal capital carry-overs.•We apply Dynamic-Network DEA for the first time in performance evaluation of cultural institutions.•Medellin libraries as case study, a city gaining recognition for using culture as a tool in urban and social change.•Libraries are increasingly more efficient in service provision than in managing cultural programming.
Deep-Rooted Culture and Economic Development Herrero-Prieto, Luis César; Miguel, Iván Boal-San; Gómez-Vega, Mafalda
Social indicators research,
07/2019, Letnik:
144, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
This work involves undertaking a reappraisal of the Seven Deadly Sins in order to construct synthetic indicators of well-being aimed at measuring spatial economic disparities and their link to ...economic development. The Seven Deadly Sins constitute a way of describing vices vis-à-vis Christian moral education. Yet they might also be viewed as general norms of social behaviour and interpreted today as notions related to the concept of well-being. For example, the level of concentration of wealth (greed), sustainability of resources (gluttony), safety index (wrath), problems adapting to the labour market or workplace absenteeism (sloth), etc. The Seven Deadly Sins have also yielded emblematic examples of artistic iconography and cultural production. How they are perceived and expressed may also differ depending on each group’s cultural idiosyncrasy, in the sense of a series of beliefs and attitudes forged over the centuries. Based on these premises, the current work first seeks to compile variables that reflect each conceptual dimension so as to later construct a synthetic indicator of well-being with territorial disaggregation. This enables us to explore spatial disparities and the extent to which they relate to economic development. This is applied to a group of countries in the European Union with NUTS 2 territorial disaggregation (regions). The sources of information are basically Eurostat. The method involves applying Data Envelopment Analysis to construct the synthetic indicator, and spatial econometrics to pinpoint spatial dependence effects.
Measuring emotion through quality Gómez-Vega, Mafalda; Herrero-Prieto, Luis César
Journal of cultural economics,
06/2019, Letnik:
43, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Repertoire programming decisions taken by symphony orchestra managers usually pursue a mixture of aims embracing both quality and audience success, but are influenced by various factors. Our goal is ...to assess the quality of the repertoire of Spanish symphony orchestras and to gauge the impact of a series of external variables on the programming decisions. We take a sample of 20 professional symphony orchestras covering a homogenous period from 2014 to 2017. First, we summarise the quality in the repertoires through three partial indices (contemporaneity, most well-known composers and conventionality) before constructing a composite quality indicator using Data Envelopment Analysis. Second, we use regression analysis to examine the effect on the programme quality of various external variables, some related to the internal management of the orchestras, others addressing the socio-economic contextual aspects of the area in which they are located. We also carried out a cluster analysis to identify the most frequent programming strategies. We find there are two programming strategies, ranging from novelty and risk to more stable and safe repertoires based on well-known composers. The quality of orchestras is linked to longer seasons, how young these institutions are, and their being located in Madrid, whereas the most conventional programmes correspond to longer-standing orchestras located in areas with older populations and lower levels of education.
Planteamos un estudio fundamentado en la metodología de evaluación de la eficiencia en dos etapas sobre destinos turísticos, con una aplicación a las regiones españolas y considerando el flujo ...específico de turistas culturales como principal output a maximizar. El objetivo es contrastar si la concentración de recursos culturales favorece la eficiencia de los destinos turísticos en la atracción de turistas y examinar las posibilidades de intervención y ajuste en este campo. Consideramos dos modelos de estudio según el origen del flujo de turistas, nacionales e internacionales. La metodología consta de un procedimiento en dos etapas, en primer lugar se estiman los ratios de eficiencia por medio de métodos no paramétricos, y posteriormente contrastamos cómo estos ratios pueden verse condicionados por una serie de variables externas de tipo dotacional y cultural, a través de un análisis de regresión.
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