Five experiments document that the mere circularity and angularity of a brand logo is powerful enough to affect perceptions of the attributes of a product or company. It is theorized and shown that ...circular- versus angular-logo shapes activate softness and hardness associations, respectively, and these concepts subsequently influence product/company attribute judgments through a resource-demanding imagerygeneration process that utilizes the visuospatial sketchpad component of working memory. There are no logo shape effects on attribute judgments when the visuospatial sketchpad component of working memory is constrained by irrelevant visual imagery, when people have a lower disposition to generate imagery when processing product information, and when the headline of the ad highlights a product attribute that differs from the inference drawn from the logo shape. Further, there are shape effects even when the shape is incidentally exposed beforehand using a priming technique rather than being a part of the logo itself, demonstrating the generalizability of our findings. When taken together, the results have implications for working memory, consumer imagery, and visual marketing.
A Digital Factory is made up of various Digital Twins (DTs) that interact with each other to improve decision-making. With this aim, DTs need to share accurate and high-quality data that guarantees ...their integration at syntactic, semantic, and semiotic levels. Effective decision-making requires consideration of the context features to which each DT belongs. In order to facilitate data exchange, this paper proposes the use of contextualized ontologies, obtained from an ontology network in which context features are made explicit.
•Ontology network considers the digital twin interoperability problem.•Ontology network supports in the task of making explicit entities and contextual features of entities.•Ontology network allows representing the data semantics in context.•Ontology network allows ontology reuse in different contexts.•Ontology network promotes the use of standard ontologies.
COVID-19 prognostic factors include age, sex, comorbidities, laboratory and imaging findings, and time from symptom onset to seeking care.
The study aim was to evaluate indices combining disease ...severity measures and time from disease onset to predict mortality of COVID-19 patients admitted to the emergency department (ED).
All consecutive COVID-19 patients who underwent both computed tomography (CT) and chest X-ray (CXR) at ED presentation between 27/02/2020 and 13/03/2020 were included. CT visual score of disease extension and CXR Radiographic Assessment of Lung Edema (RALE) score were collected. The CT- and CXR-based scores, C-reactive protein (CRP), and oxygen saturation levels (sO2) were separately combined with time from symptom onset to ED presentation to obtain severity/time indices. Multivariable regression age- and sex-adjusted models without and with severity/time indices were compared. For CXR-RALE, the models were tested in a validation cohort.
Of the 308 included patients, 55 (17.9%) died. In multivariable logistic age- and sex-adjusted models for death at 30 days, severity/time indices showed good discrimination ability, higher for imaging than for laboratory measures (AUCCT = 0.92, AUCCXR = 0.90, AUCCRP = 0.88, AUCsO2 = 0.88). AUCCXR was lower in the validation cohort (0.79). The models including severity/time indices performed slightly better than models including measures of disease severity not combined with time and those including the Charlson Comorbidity Index, except for CRP-based models.
Time from symptom onset to ED admission is a strong prognostic factor and provides added value to the interpretation of imaging and laboratory findings at ED presentation.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Commercial gestation housing systems for sows generally fail to cater fully for their needs in terms of comfort or the ability to perform highly motivated behaviours, which can lead to chronic stress ...and an impairment to welfare. We compared a typical gestation system (CONTROL) with an IMPROVED one as regards oral stereotypies, aggressive behaviour, skin lesions, locomotion, and tear staining. Sows were mixed into 12 stable groups (six groups per treatment, 20 sows per group), 29 days post-service in pens with free-access, full-length individual feeding/lying stalls. CONTROL pens had fully slatted concrete floors, with two blocks of wood and two chains suspended in the group area. IMPROVED pens were the same but with rubber mats and a length of manila rope in each feeding stall, and straw provided in three racks in the group area. Direct observations of oral stereotypical (30 instantaneous scans per sow per day) and aggressive (all-occurrence sampling, 3 h per sow per day) behaviours were conducted 72 h post-mixing, in mid and late gestation. Skin lesions were counted 24 h and three weeks post-mixing, and in late gestation. Sows' locomotion (locomotory ability) was scored using a visual analogue scale in mid and late gestation. Right and left eye tear staining was scored in late gestation. Indications of better welfare in IMPROVED sows included performance of fewer oral stereotypies in mid and late gestation, and lower tear stain scores. These sows performed more aggression in late gestation, which was associated with access to enrichment, but skin lesion counts were not affected. Thus, the changes made in the IMPROVED treatment benefitted aspects of sow welfare.
•The work compares UML and SBVR as modeling languages for ontology development.•Comparison is performed by means of an exploratory experiment.•Feasibility of SBVR to OWL 2 mappings as ontology ...development technique is shown.•Effectiveness of UML for conceptualizing lightweight ontologies is shown.•Potential of SBVR to express complex notions of a domain of interest is shown.
Ontology development techniques still constitute an open research area despite its importance in semantic aware information systems. Until now, most methods have used UML in supporting ontology development process. Recent works propose the mapping of business rules expressions to ontology statements as a building technique by means of SBVR language. However, there is still no experimental research comparing such approaches.
Aim of this work is to evaluate the feasibility of mapping business domain expressions to ontology statements. An exploratory experiment comparing performance of techniques based on UML and SBVR languages is presented. Comparison is rooted in the quality assessment of the ontologies developed by 10 equally sized groups randomly conformed by 30 undergraduate engineering students and applying such techniques.
Developed ontologies largely outperform the minimally acceptable quality, according to the considered quality assessment framework. There is no statistical significant difference between the quality scores of the ontologies developed by means of UML and SBVR techniques, in any of the assessed quality dimensions.
The feasibility of mapping business domain expressions to ontology statements is shown: ontologies developed by means of a SBVR based approach at least equate the quality of ontologies developed by using an UML based method. Results confirm previous research about the effectiveness of UML approaches for conceptualizing lightweight ontologies while stressing the potential of the SBVR language to express complex notions of a domain of interest. The potential of SBVR to OWL 2 mappings as an ontology development technique worthy of further study is highlighted.
Prenatal stress is the mechanism through which poor welfare of pregnant sows has detrimental effects on the health and resilience of their piglets. We compared two gestation housing systems (IMPROVED ...versus conventional CONTROL) in terms of sow stress and welfare indicators and sought to determine whether potential benefits to the sows would translate into improved offspring health. Sows were mixed into 12 stable groups (six groups per treatment, 20 sows per group) 29 days post-service in pens with free-access, full-length individual feeding/lying-stalls. CONTROL pens had fully slatted concrete floors, with two blocks of wood and two chains suspended in the group area. IMPROVED pens were the same but with rubber mats and manila rope in each stall, and straw provided in three racks in the group area. Saliva was collected from each sow on day 80 of pregnancy and analysed for haptoglobin. Hair cortisol was measured in late gestation. Sows' right and left eyes were scored for tear staining in mid lactation and at weaning. Numbers of piglets born alive, dead, mummified, and total born were recorded. Piglets were weighed and scored for vitality and intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR) at birth. Presence of diarrhoea in farrowing pens was scored every second day throughout the suckling period. IMPROVED sows had lower haptoglobin levels and tear-stain scores during lactation. IMPROVED sows produced fewer mummified piglets, and these had significantly lower IUGR scores, and scored lower for diarrhoea than piglets of CONTROL sows. Hence, improving sow welfare during gestation improved the health and performance of their offspring.
Whereas cancer patients have benefited from liquid biopsies, the scenario for gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) is still dismal. We used next‐generation deep sequencing of TP53—a highly mutated and ...informative gene in GAC—to assess mutations in tumor biopsies, plasma (PL) and stomach fluids (gastric wash—GW). We evaluated their potential to reveal tumor‐derived mutations, useful for monitoring mutational dynamics at diagnosis, progression and treatment. Exon‐capture libraries were constructed from 46 patients including tumor biopsies, GW and PL pre and post‐treatment (196 samples), with high vertical coverage >8,000×. At diagnosis, we detected TP53 mutations in 15/46 biopsies (32.6%), 7/46 GW‐ (15.2%) and 6/46 PL‐samples (13%). Biopsies and GW were concordant in 38/46 cases (82.6%) for the presence/absence of mutations and, furthermore, four GW‐exclusive mutations were identified, suggesting tumor heterogeneity. Considering the combined analysis of GW and PL, TP53 mutations found in biopsies were also identified in 9/15 (60%) of cases, the highest detection level reported for GAC. Our study indicates that GW could be useful to track DNA alterations, especially if anchored to a comprehensive gene‐panel designed for this malignancy.
What's new?
The detection of mutations in gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) potentially can facilitate diagnosis and treatment. A promising means of GAC mutation detection is liquid biopsy from plasma and gastric fluids, though these approaches have yet to be fully explored in GAC. Here, deep sequencing of gastric wash‐derived DNA from GAC patients revealed 11 different TP53 mutations, four of which were absent from original primary tumor biopsies, suggesting possible tumor heterogeneity. Analysis of plasma and gastric washes collected after treatment in these patients revealed increased rates of TP53 mutation, indicating a possible role for liquid biopsy in GAC monitoring during treatment.
Nowadays, Internet technologies and standards are being systematically used by enterprises as tools to provide an infrastructure to connect people, enterprises, and applications they are using. In ...such complex networked enterprises, it is increasingly challenging to interchange, share, and manage internal and external digital information. In this context, to achieve interoperability between information systems is a challenging task. In order to solve the interoperability problem at semantic level, several ontology-based approaches have emerged. Although methodologies, methods, techniques, and tools to support the ontology building process were proposed, there are no mature models to measure this process, and the quality of implemented ontologies remains a major concern. This paper presents a framework, OntoQualitas, for evaluating the quality of an ontology whose purpose is the information interchange between different contexts. OntoQualitas includes previous and new measures to evaluate the ontology considering its specific purpose. Additionally, an empirical validation of OntoQualitas is presented.
Este artículo presenta los principales hallazgos de una revisión sistemática de la literatura sobre la inclusión de juegos digitales en propuestas de enseñanza del área de Matemática. La búsqueda ...documental se llevó a cabo a partir de la triangulación de fuentes incluidas en las bases de datos Scopus y Dialnet, entre enero de 2020 y febrero de 2022. Para la selección se siguió el método PRISMA, y se identificaron quince documentos para el análisis. Los resultados muestran el interés creciente de parte del profesorado de distintos niveles educativos por mediar las clases de Matemática con juegos digitales. Se destaca que las principales áreas de inclusión de juegos son aritmética, geometría y álgebra, con mayor presencia de juegos serios que comerciales.
Epilepsy of infancy with migrating focal seizures (EIMFS) is a rare early-onset developmental epileptic encephalopathy resistant to anti-epileptic drugs. The most common cause for EIMFS is a ...gain-of-function mutation in the
KCNT1
potassium channel gene, and treatment with the KCNT1 blocker quinidine has been suggested as a rational approach for seizure control in EIMFS patients. However, variable results on the clinical efficacy of quinidine have been reported. In the present study, we provide a detailed description of the clinical, genetic,
in vitro
, and
in vivo
electrophysiological profile and pharmacological responses to quinidine of 2 EIMFS unrelated patients with a heterozygous
de novo KCNT1
mutation: c.2849G>A (p.R950Q) in patient 1 and c.2677G>A (p.E893K) in patient 2. When expressed heterologously in CHO cells, KCNT1 channels carrying each variant showed gain-of-function effects, and were more effectively blocked by quinidine when compared to wild-type KCNT1 channels. On the basis of these
in vitro
results, add-on quinidine treatment was started at 3 and 16 months of age in patients 1 and 2, respectively. The results obtained reveal that quinidine significantly reduced seizure burden (by about 90%) and improved quality of life in both patients, but failed to normalize developmental milestones, which persisted as severely delayed. Based on the present experience, early quinidine intervention associated with heart monitoring and control of blood levels is among the critical factors for therapy effectiveness in EIMFS patients with KCNT1 gain-of-function mutations. Multicenter studies are needed to establish a consensus protocol for patient recruitment, quinidine treatment modalities, and outcome evaluation, to optimize clinical efficacy and reduce risks as well as variability associated to quinidine use in such severe developmental encephalopathy.
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