The Frascati National Laboratory (LNF) is the largest and the oldest among the National Laboratories of the Italian Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN). Since its foundation in 1954, it has been ...devoted to two main activities: the development, construction and operation of particle accelerators; the design and construction of forefront detectors for particle, nuclear and astroparticle physics. The research program of LNF is focused on fundamental research, but interdisciplinary activity has grown of importance along the years, with a perfect balance between internal and external activities. The scientific program taking place at LNF, at present, is still centered on the DAΦNE complex, but in the last years, a second accelerator infrastructure, SPARC\_LAB, devoted to the study and development of new technique of particle acceleration is marking the path toward the future: EuPARXIA. This will be an European infrastructure for plasma acceleration development. In this paper, an overview of the research program of the Laboratory and of the future perspectives is presented.
Accurate measurements of physical processes in high energy frontier experiments demand exceptional spatial, temporal, and energy precision to discern the physics behind high-energy particle jets. ...Calorimeters, like other detection systems, must be able to meet these increasingly challenging performance requirements. In the prospective TeV-scale Muon Collider, the primary hurdle in designing detectors and devising event reconstruction algorithms is the challenge posed by Beam-Induced Background (BIB). Nevertheless, it is conceivable to mitigate the impact of BIB on the Muon Collider's calorimeter by capitalizing on certain characteristics and ensuring key features such as high granularity, precise timing, longitudinal segmentation, and superior energy resolution. This is what the here described Research and Development is trying to achieve with an innovative semi-homogeneous electromagnetic calorimeter constructed from stackable and interchangeable modules composed of lead fluoride crystals (PbF2). These modules are equipped with surface-mount UV-extended Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) and are collectively referred to as the Crilin calorimeter (CRystal calorImeter with Longitudinal INformation). The challenge lies in making sure this calorimeter can operate effectively within an extremely harsh radiation environment, enduring an annual neutron flux of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">10^{14}~n_{1\text {MeV}}/\text {cm}^{2} </tex-math></inline-formula> and a total ionizing dose (TID) of 10 kGy. In this article, the radiation tolerance measured in several irradiation campaigns is discussed, and the timing performances during a test beam at CERN-H2 with 120-GeV electrons. Additionally, a description of the latest prototype, Proto-1, is provided together with the results of the latest low-energy beam test at the LNF beam test facility (BTF) with 450 MeV electrons.
Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) is the theory of the strong interaction, but the properties of the hadrons cannot be directly calculated from the QCD Lagrangian and alternative approaches are then used. ...In order to test the different models, precise measurements of hadron properties are of extreme importance. This is the main motivation for the hadron spectroscopy experimental program carried out since many years with different probes and different detectors. A survey of some recent results in the field is here presented and commented, together with the opportunities offered by the forthcoming experimental programs.
The PADME beam line Monte Carlo simulation Bossi, F.; Branchini, P.; Buonomo, B. ...
The journal of high energy physics,
09/2022, Letnik:
2022, Številka:
9
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
A
bstract
The PADME experiment at the DAΦNE Beam-Test Facility (BTF) of the INFN Laboratory of Frascati is designed to search for invisible decays of dark sector particles produced in ...electron-positron annihilation events with a positron beam and a thin fixed target, by measuring the missing mass of single-photon final states. The presence of backgrounds originating from beam halo particles can significantly reduce the sensitivity of the experiment. To thoroughly understand the origin of the beam background contribution, a detailed G
eant
4-based Monte Carlo simulation has been developed, containing a full description of the detector together with the beam line and its optical elements. This simulation allows the full interactions of each particle to be described, both during beam line transport and during detection, a possibility which represents an innovative way to obtain reliable background predictions.
The P̅ANDA physics program Gianotti, P.
EPJ Web of Conferences,
01/2016, Letnik:
130
Journal Article, Conference Proceeding
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The understanding of the QCD in the non-perturbative regime, is one of the key issues to have a complete picture of strong interactions. Recent findings of new and unexpected resonances, with ...unresolved properties, show that the hadron spectrum is not yet completely understood. This is also underlined by the ongoing discussion on multiquark states, and on other exotic states with gluonic degrees of freedom. The P̅ANDA experiment, one of the biggest enterprises at the FAIR facility, aims at exploring this field thanks to the gluon rich environment offered by the annihilation of antiprotons. A general overview of the P̅ANDA physics program is given in this paper.
The PADME experiment will search for the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">e^{+} e^{-} \rightarrow \gamma A^{\prime } </tex-math></inline-formula> process in a positron-on-target ...experiment, assuming a decay of the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">A^{\prime } </tex-math></inline-formula> into invisible particles of the hidden sector. The 550-MeV positron beam of the DA<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\Phi </tex-math></inline-formula>NE beam-test facility (BTF), at Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, will be used. The suppression of the background, due to bremsstrahlung emission from the beam positrons, requires highly efficient charged-particle detectors with optimized geometry. A fine-grained plastic scintillator veto composed of three stations operating in vacuum is proposed. Two stations, placed inside a dipole magnet with 0.6-T magnetic field, will also provide momentum measurement at the percent level. Different prototypes for the design of the detector elements, the photosensor, and the front-end electronics were studied with single electron beam at the DA<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\Phi </tex-math></inline-formula>NE BTF to choose the optimal technologies and construction solutions. PADME is currently under construction, and it is planned to begin data collection in 2018. The design of the charged-particle vetoes and the test beam performance of the prototypes are reviewed.
The slow high-efficiency extraction from a ring positron accelerator (SHERPA) project’s aim is to develop an efficient technique to extract a positron beam from one of the accelerator rings composing ...theDAΦNEcomplex at the Frascati National Laboratory of INFN, setting up a new beam line able to deliver positron spills of O(ms) length, excellent beam energy spread and emittance. The most common approach to slowly extract from a ring is to increase betatron oscillations approaching the third order tune resonance to gradually eject particles from the circulating beam. SHERPA proposes a paradigm change for lepton machines using coherent processes in bent crystals to kick out positrons from the ring, a cheaper and less complex alternative. A description of this innovative nonresonant extraction technique is reported in this manuscript, including its performance preliminary estimation.
The PADME experiment at the LNF Beam Test Facility searches for dark photons produced in the annihilation of positrons with the electrons of a fixed target. The strategy is to look for the reaction ...e++e−→γ+A′, where A′ is the dark photon, which cannot be observed directly or via its decay products. The electromagnetic calorimeter plays a key role in the experiment by measuring the energy and position of the final-state γ. The missing four-momentum carried away by the A′ can be evaluated from this information and the particle mass inferred. This paper presents the design, construction, and calibration of the PADME's electromagnetic calorimeter. The results achieved in terms of equalisation, detection efficiency and energy resolution during the first phase of the experiment demonstrate the effectiveness of the various tools used to improve the calorimeter performance with respect to earlier prototypes.
Abstract
The PADME experiment at LNF-INFN employs positron-on-target-annihilation
to search for new light particles. Crucial parts of the experiment are the charged
particle detectors, composed of ...plastic scintillator bars with light transmitted
by wavelength shifting fibers to silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs). The location of
the detector — close to a turbomolecular pump, inside a vacuum tank, and exposed
to 0.5 T magnetic field — has driven the design of custom modular SiPM front-end
and power supply electronics. The design of the system and its performance, confirming
the desired sub-ns resolution on the reconstructed particle flying times, is shown
and discussed.
PDF
