Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a growing metabolic disease characterized by insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. Current preventative and treatment strategies for T2DM and insulin resistance ...lack in efficacy resulting in the need for new approaches to prevent and manage/treat the disease better. In recent years, epidemiological studies have suggested that diets rich in fruits and vegetables have beneficial health effects including protection against insulin resistance and T2DM. Curcumin, a polyphenol found in turmeric, and curcuminoids have been reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, neuroprotective, immunomodulatory and antidiabetic properties. The current review (I of II) summarizes the existing in vitro studies examining the antidiabetic effects of curcumin, while a second (II of II) review summarizes evidence from existing in vivo animal studies and clinical trials focusing on curcumin's antidiabetic properties.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a growing metabolic disease characterized by insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. Current preventative and treatment approaches to insulin resistance and T2DM lack ...in efficacy, resulting in the need for new approaches to prevent and treat the disease. In recent years, epidemiological studies have suggested that diets rich in fruits and vegetables have beneficial health effects, including protection against insulin resistance and T2DM. Curcumin, a polyphenol found in turmeric, and curcuminoids have been reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, neuroprotective, immunomodulatory and antidiabetic properties. The current review (II of II) summarizes the existing in vivo studies examining the antidiabetic effects of curcumin.
Objective: To identify the types, purposes and the contributions of simulation in training in health.
Method: This is a narrative review of the literature in its construction were used studies ...surveyed in databases Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences (LILACS) and Scopus, and other data sources.
Results: The types of simulations and simulators are characterized by the degree of organization of landscape and simulator technology: low, medium and high fidelity. These degrees of fidelity enable the development of skills and abilities in students in the context of health education.
Conclusion: Considering the scope and possibilities of its use, the simulation can be a positive tool in health education process.
Descriptors: Education. Simulation. Health. Education. Formative feedback.
Background
Robotic nipple-sparing mastectomy (RNSM) may allow for more precise anatomic dissection and improved cosmetic outcomes over conventional open nipple-sparing mastectomy; however, data ...regarding the feasibility and safety of the procedure are limited.
Objective
The aim of this study was to present and discuss perioperative surgical outcomes and early oncologic follow-up data on consecutive patients undergoing RNSM from June 2014 to January 2019.
Methods
Patients underwent RNSM and immediate robotic breast reconstruction through an axillary incision at a single institution. Perioperative data, complications at 3 months postoperatively, pathological data, and adjuvant therapies were recorded. Local recurrence-free, disease-free, and overall survival were analyzed.
Results
Overall, 73 women underwent 94 RNSM procedures. Indications were invasive breast cancer in 39 patients, ductal carcinoma in situ in 17 patients, and BRCA mutation in 17 patients. Mean surgery time was 3 h and 32 min. One-step reconstruction with implant occurred in 89.4% of procedures. The rate of complications requiring reoperation was 4.3%, and the rate of flap or nipple necrosis was 1.1%. Median follow-up was 19 months (range 3.1–44.8). No local recurrences occurred. Overall survival at 12, 24, or 60 months was 98% (95% confidence interval 86–100%).
Conclusion
We observed a low complication rate in 94 consecutive RNSM procedures, demonstrating the procedure is technically feasible and safe. We found no early local failures at 19 months follow-up. Long-term follow-up is needed to confirm oncologic safety. Future clinical trials to study the advantages and disadvantages of RNSM are warranted.
Tuberculosis (TB) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are currently the two main causes of death among infectious diseases. There is an increasing number of studies trying to elucidate the ...interactions between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and SARS-CoV-2. Some of the first case reports point to a worsening of respiratory symptoms in co-infected TB/COVID-19 individuals. However, data from the cohort studies has shown some conflicting results. This study proposes to conduct a systematic review on the current literature on TB/COVID-19 co-infection cohorts, evaluating clinical and epidemiological data, focusing on its implications to the immune system. From an immunological perspective, the TB/COVID-19 co-infection has the potential to converge in a "perfect storm". The disorders induced by each pathogen to the immunomodulation tend to induce an unbalanced inflammatory response, which can promote the progression and worsening of both diseases. Understanding the nature of the interactions between M. tuberculosis and SARS-CoV-2 will be crucial for the development of therapeutic strategies against co-infection.
•Tuberculosis and COVID-19 are currently the two main causes of death among infectious diseases worldwide.•Both diseases shares some clinical features, which impairs its diagnosis and, therefore, its treatment.•Tuberculosis is a risk factor for COVID-19 and co-infected individuals tend to present a worse prognosis.•.Many of the damages and complications of co-infection are result from an exacerbated inflammatory response.•TB / COVID-19 co-infection appears to generate self-sustaining pro-inflammatory feedback, impairing lung function.
Vimentin is an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) biomarker and intermediate filament protein that functions during cell migration to maintain structure and motility. Despite the abundance of ...clinical data linking vimentin to poor patient outcome, it is unclear if vimentin is required for metastasis or is a correlative biomarker. We developed a novel genetically engineered mouse model (GEMM) to probe vimentin in lung adenocarcinoma metastasis.
We used the
model (
), which incorporates a whole-body knockout of vimentin and is derived from the Cre-dependent
model (
). We compared the metastatic phenotypes of the GEMMs and analyzed primary tumors from the
models and lung adenocarcinoma patients to assess vimentin expression and function.
Characterization of
and
mice shows that although vimentin is not required for primary lung tumor growth, vimentin is required for metastasis, and vimentin loss generates lower grade primary tumors. Interestingly, in the
mice, vimentin was not expressed in tumor cells but in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) surrounding collective invasion packs (CIPs) of epithelial tumor cells, with significantly less CIPs in
mice. CIPs correlate with tumor grade and are vimentin-negative and E-cadherin-positive, indicating a lack of cancer cell EMT. A similar heterotypic staining pattern was observed in human lung adenocarcinoma samples.
studies show that vimentin is required for CAF motility to lead tumor cell invasion, supporting a vimentin-dependent model of collective invasion.
These data show that vimentin is required for lung adenocarcinoma metastasis by maintaining heterotypic tumor cell-CAF interactions during collective invasion.
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Suez shareholders are hoping they can eke out better terms if the merger goes through. Concessions are likely ahead of a shareholder vote on the merger at the end of the year, said people close to ...both companies. Suez shareholders are to receive one GDF share for each Suez share, as well as an extraordinary dividend of one euro a share. Suez shareholders say that is too low. The company's shares are now trading at about 10% higher than the value of the offer. Enel believes that a major part of Belgian utility Electrabel SA, owned by Suez, could be among the properties put out to bid. Should the Suez-GDF merger fail, Enel would have little trouble raising cash to make an offer for Suez. The more serious hurdle, however, would be regulators' concerns about the combined company's control of the gas-distribution network in Belgium, say people familiar with the negotiations. Regulators are concerned Suez-GDF could limit rivals' access to its pipelines and storage facilities, reducing competition and raising prices, the people say.
The planned 39 billion euro ($50 billion) merger of French utilities Suez SA and Gaz de France SA, unveiled in February, has drawn fire from France's European Union neighbors, the European ...Commission, French labor unions and some Suez shareholders. Now, France's left- wing opposition lawmakers have raised another hurdle: They are trying to delay approval of a bill to privatize GDF by presenting 140,000 proposed amendments to the draft law. Suez shareholders are hoping they can eke out better terms if the merger goes through. Concessions are likely ahead of a shareholder vote on the merger at the end of the year, said people close to both companies. Suez shareholders are to receive one GDF share for each Suez share, as well as an extraordinary dividend of one euro a share. Suez shareholders say that is too low. The company's shares are now trading at about 10% higher than the value of the offer. Enel believes that a major part of Belgian utility Electrabel SA, owned by Suez, could be among the properties put out to bid. Should the Suez-GDF merger fail, Enel would have little trouble raising cash to make an offer for Suez.
Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi's government is under pressure to help Alitalia, which employs 21,000 people, and avoid upheaval among airline workers, especially in the run-up to elections for the ...European Parliament next month. Italy's billionaire prime minister was elected on promises to boost employment. The strikes at Alitalia -- along with a number of other walkouts in the Italian auto and rail sectors -- have hurt the administration's popularity. If a deal isn't struck before tomorrow's board meeting, then the board, which is dominated by the government, must make a decision about whether to maintain the company's current operations. Alitalia posted a preliminary operating loss of 373 million euros last year, more than triple its operating losses for 2002. The company estimates it is losing about 1,000 euros a minute, and keeping the airline afloat with its current cost structure isn't feasible for long. If the company can strike a deal with the government and the unions, it is hoping that the heavy summer travel season will give it breathing room to develop a long-term restructuring plan. But Alitalia's popularity among Italian travelers has fallen considerably as cheaper competitors have moved into the market, often offering superior service. The public's patience with Alitalia is also running out; last week's walkout forced more than 100,000 passengers to find alternate transportation.
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