We propose a novel and efficient mixing technique in a soft narrow-fluidic channel under the influence of electrical forcing. We show that a grafted polyelectrolyte layer (PEL) added as a patch to ...the channel wall modulates the electrical double layer (EDL) so that an applied electric field initiates a local electroosmotic flow (EOF) at the patched section. This EOF develops in the opposite direction to the primary pressure-driven flow. This localized EOF leads to the formation of Lamb vortices at the patched sections through the phenomenon of momentum exchange with the primary stream and promotes the mixing therein. Our study, consistent with the stream-function/vorticity approach, primarily focuses on the numerical analysis of the mixing phenomena. Through a quantitative description, we reveal the effect of different patterns on the underlying mixing phenomena in the convective mixing regime. We also discuss the impact of key parameters on the mixing efficiency, the onset of the recirculation zone, variation in the mixing length, and the shear-driven aggregation kinetics in soft matter systems. Finally, considering the practicability of the present problem, we unveil the values of several design parameters for which the mixing efficiency in the channel reaches the maximum.
We propose a novel and efficient mixing technique in a soft narrow-fluidic channel under the influence of electrical forcing.
In this article, we describe the electro-hydrodynamics of non-Newtonian fluid in narrow fluidic channel with solvent permeable and ion-penetrable polyelectrolyte layer (PEL) grafted on channel ...surface with an interaction of non-overlapping electric double layer (EDL) phenomenon. In this analysis, we integrate power-law model in the momentum equation for describing the non-Newtonian rheology. The complex interplay between the non-Newtonian rheology and interfacial electrochemistry in presence of PEL on the walls leads to non-intuitive variations in the underlying flow dynamics in the channels. As such, we bring out the variations in flow dynamics and their implications on the net throughput in the channel in terms of different parameters like power-law index (n), drag parameter (α), PEL thickness (d) and Debye length ratio (κ/κ
) are discussed. We show, in this analysis, a relative enhancement in the net throughput through a soft nanofluidic channel for both the shear-thinning and shear-thickening fluids, attributed to the stronger electrical body forces stemming from ionic interactions between polyelectrolyte layer and electrolyte layer. Also, we illustrate that higher apparent viscosity inherent with the class of shear-thickening fluid weakens the softness induced enhancement in the volumetric flow rate for the shear-thickening fluids, since the viscous drag offered to the f low f ield becomes higher for the transport of shear-thickening fluid.
New simplistic, one pot synthesis of series of substituted
β
-keto sulfones from styrenes, NBS and aromatic sodium sulfinate salts were synthesized by sonication. The reactions were transition-metal ...catalyst free and the reactions were also co-oxidant free as NBS plays a dual role of both the bromine source and oxidant in green solvent water at moderate temperature.
Graphic abstract
Pyrazolic hybrids appended with naphthalene, p‐chlorobenzene, o‐phenol and toluene have been synthesized using Claisen Schmidt condensation reaction of ...1‐benzyl‐3,5‐dimethyl‐1H‐pyrazole‐4‐carbaldehyde. All compounds were characterized by various spectroscopic techniques. Compound (E)‐3‐(1‐benzyl‐3,5‐dimethyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐4‐yl)‐1‐(4‐chlorophenyl)prop‐2‐en‐1‐one crystallizes in monoclinic crystal system with C2/c space group. These synthesized compounds were tested for cytotoxic activity and among these compounds 4b and 5a shows prominent cytotoxic activity against triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells MDA‐MB‐231 with IC50 values 47.72 μM and 24.25 μM, respectively. Distinguishing morphological changes were noticed in MDA‐MB‐231 cells treated with pyrazole hybrids contributing to apoptosis action. To get more insight into cytotoxic activity, in silico molecular docking of these compounds were performed and the results suggested that (E)‐3‐(1‐benzyl‐3,5‐dimethyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐4‐yl)‐1‐(p‐tolyl)prop‐2‐en‐1‐one and 1‐(1′‐benzyl‐5‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐3′,5′‐dimethyl‐3,4‐dihydro‐1′H,2H‐3,4′‐bipyrazol‐2‐yl)ethan‐1‐one binds to the prominent domain of Akt2 indicating their potential ability as Akt2 inhibitor. Moreover, from in silico ADME studies clearly demonstrated that these compounds may be regarded as a drug candidate for sub‐lingual absorption based on log p values (2.157–4.924). These compounds also show promising antitubercular activity. The overall results suggest that pyrazolic hybrids with substitution at less sterically hindered positions have appealing potent cytotoxic activity and antituberculosis activity due to which they may act as multidrug candidate.
A novel sulfated tungstate catalyzed synthesis of 3-functionalized coumarins from substituted salicylaldehydes and β-ketoesters under solvent-free conditions described. The library of 3-acyl coumarin ...products obtained in excellent yield by employing substituted salicylaldehydes and β-ketoesters under optimal reaction conditions. This new method has numerous merits such as using green and nontoxic catalyst, displaying broad substrate scope, shorter reaction time, excellent yield, functional group compatibility, operational simplicity, and outstanding catalyst recyclability.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Introduction: Thalassaemia is the major health problem all over India which is prevalent amongst all population groups irrespective of caste, religion and creed. Number of studies from different ...parts of the country provides the data on distribution of various haemoglobinopathies but there are limited data from Northern Maharashtra, India. Regular blood transfusion is one of the conventional treatments for survival in patients with Beta Thalassaemia Major (BTM). This may cause oxidative stress and tissue injury due to iron overload and altered antioxidant enzymes. Aim: To assess the effect of number of blood transfusions on oxidant/antioxidant balance in patients with beta thalassaemia major of North Maharashtra region. Materials and Methods: Patients were divided into two groups on the basis of number of blood transfusions. Group A having number of transfusion ≤140 and Group B having number of transfusion >140. These groups were compared on the basis of haematological and biochemical parameters. Results: Iron overload in Group B than Group A was indicated by significantly (p<0.0001) high levels of iron, ferritin and Transferrin Saturation (TS) with significantly low level of Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC). Oxidative stress in Group B is higher indicated by significantly (p<0.0001) high level of Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Copper (Cu) with significantly low levels of Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx), Zinc (Zn) and vitamin C than Group A. We also observed non significant difference in Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and serum Ceruloplasmin (CP) in both groups. Conclusion: The above data implies that after each blood transfusions, accumulation of free iron in the body of thalassaemic patients increases. This excess iron deposited in body tissues leads to many pathophysiological conditions like expanded plasma volume, cardiac output, reduced glucose tolerance, hepatitis, various endocrine abnormalities, cardiac and renal dysfunctions. Estimation of these biochemical parameters along with blood transfusion would help in early detection of the associated complications in these patients. This would be quite helpful to reduce the burden of this disease through preventive measures.
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and Diabetes Mellitus is one of the major comorbidities (TB/DM) associated with the disease. A total of 103 differentially expressed ...ncRNAs have been identified in the TB and TB/DM comparisons. A machine learning algorithm was employed to identify the most informative lncRNAs: ADM-DT, LINC02009, LINC02471, SOX2-OT, and GK-AS1. These lncRNAs presented substantial accuracy in classifying TB from HC (AUCs >0.85) and TB/DM from HC (AUCs >0.90) in the other three countries. Genes with significant correlations with the five lncRNAs enriched common pathways in Brazil and India for both TB and TB/DM. This suggests that lncRNAs play an important role in the regulation of genes related to the TB immune response.
Display omitted
•A distinct lncRNA signature characterizes TB regardless of DM status•lncRNA affects a range of biological pathways associated with TB pathophysiology TB•The study of lncRNA may provide new insights regarding their impacts on TB infection
Health sciences; Infection control in health technology
There has been a significant increase in global cardiac-related fatalities, particularly over the last five decades. In India, cardiovascular diseases have emerged as a prevalent condition. Moreover, ...the incidence of sudden cardiac death has shown a steady rise worldwide.
The aim of this study was to research how frequently cardiac disease was found during postmortem/autopsy cases and how it affects sudden death.
The research was conducted at the Department of Pathology, SRTR, GMC, Ambajogai, India. One hundred and eighty cardiac specimens were examined from October 2019 to October 2021. Formalin-fixed heart specimens had multiple sections cut out of them at 4-5 mm intervals. The tissues underwent preparation, followed by sectioning into 4 μm thickness using paraffin. The standard staining method of hematoxylin and eosin was used to stain the samples. Different cardiac histomorphological alterations were assessed.
The study included 180 autopsy cases. The highest numbers of cases were observed in the age group of 31-40 years (20.2%). Triple-vessel involvement was seen in the majority of 61.5% of cases, out of 180 cases, 52.7% of cases were of hypertrophy.
The research highlights the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, particularly atherosclerosis and hypertrophy. Notably, sudden death cases showed a distinct distribution across the study years, with males being predominantly affected. This underscores the urgent need for preventive measures and interventions to prevalent cardiovascular conditions effectively.
PDF
