The monograph, as its first main goal, aims to study the overconvergence phenomenon of important classes of Bernstein-type operators of one or several complex variables, that is, to extend their ...quantitative convergence properties to larger sets in the complex plane rather than the real intervals. The operators studied are of the following types: Bernstein, Bernstein—Faber, Bernstein–Butzer, q–Bernstein, Bernstein–Stancu, Bernstein–Kantorovich, Favard–Szász–Mirakjan, Baskakov and Balázs–Szabados.
FD technology enables reconstructive repair of otherwise difficult-to-treat intracranial aneurysms. These stentlike devices may induce progressive aneurysm thrombosis without additional implants and ...may initiate complete reverse vessel remodeling. The associated vascular biologic processes are as yet only partially understood.
From 12 different centers, 13 cases of delayed postprocedural aneurysm rupture were recorded and analyzed. Symptom, aneurysm location and morphology, and the time elapsed from treatment until rupture were analyzed.
There were 10 internal carotid and 3 basilar artery aneurysms. Mean aneurysm diameter was 22 ± 6 mm. Eleven patients were symptomatic before treatment. A single FD was used for all saccular aneurysms, while fusiform lesions were treated by using multiple devices. A supplementary loose coiling of the aneurysm was performed in 1 patient only. Ten patients developed early aneurysm rupture after FD treatment (mean, 16 days; range, 2-48 days); in 3 patients, rupture occurred 3-5 months after treatment. In all cases, most of the aneurysm cavity was thrombosed before rupture. The biologic mechanisms predisposing to rupture under these conditions are reviewed and discussed
FDs alone may modify hemodynamics in ways that induce extensive aneurysm thrombosis. Under specific conditions, however, instead of reverse remodeling and cicatrization, aggressive thrombus-associated autolysis of the aneurysm wall may result in delayed rupture.
Diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism Righini, M.; Robert‐Ebadi, H.; Le Gal, G.
Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis,
July 2017, 2017-Jul, 2017-07-00, 20170701, Letnik:
15, Številka:
7
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Summary
Advances in the management of patients with suspected pulmonary embolism (PE) have improved diagnostic accuracy and made management algorithms safer, easier to use, and well standardized. ...These diagnostic algorithms are mainly based on the assessment of clinical pretest probability, D‐dimer measurement, and imaging tests—predominantly computed tomography pulmonary angiography. These diagnostic algorithms allow safe and cost‐effective diagnosis for most patients with suspected PE. In this review, we summarize signs and symptoms of PE, current existing evidence for PE diagnosis, and focus on the challenge of diagnosing PE in special patient populations, such as pregnant women, or patients with a prior VTE. We also discuss novel imaging tests for PE diagnosis and highlight some of the additional challenges that might require adjustments to current diagnostic strategies, such as the reduced clinical suspicion threshold, resulting in a lower proportion of PE among suspected patients as well as the overdiagnosis of subsegmental PE.
Cyanobacterial blooms in freshwater sources are a global concern, and gaining insight into their causes is crucial for effective resource management and control. In this study, we present a novel ...computational framework for the causal analysis of cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs) in Lake Kinneret. Our framework integrates Convergent Cross Mapping (CCM) and Extended CCM (ECCM) causal networks with Bayesian Network (BN) models. The constructed CCM–ECCM causal networks and BN models unveil significant interactions among factors influencing cyanoHAB formation. These interactions have been validated by domain experts and supported by evidence from peer‐reviewed publications. Our findings suggest that Microcystis flos‐aquae levels are influenced not only by community structure but also by ammonium, phosphate, oxygen, and temperature levels in the weeks preceding bloom occurrences. We demonstrated a non‐parametric computational framework for causal analysis of a multivariate ecosystem. Our framework offers a more comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms driving M. flos‐aquae blooms in Lake Kinneret. It captures complex interactions and provides an explainable prediction model. By considering causal relationships, temporal dynamics, and joint probabilities of environmental factors, the proposed framework enhances our understanding of cyanoHABs in Lake Kinneret.
This study introduces a computational framework to analyze the causes of cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs) in Lake Kinneret. By integrating CCM and Extended CCM (ECCM) causal networks with Bayesian Network (BN) model, we uncovered significant interactions among various factors influencing cyanoHAB formation. The framework provides a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms driving cyanoHABs, capturing complex interactions and offering explainable prediction models by considering causal relationships, temporal dynamics, and joint probabilities of environmental factors.
Background: Multiple‐detectors computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTPA) has a higher sensitivity for pulmonary embolism (PE) within the subsegmental pulmonary arteries as compared with ...single‐detector CTPA. Multiple‐detectors CTPA might increase the rate of subsegmental PE diagnosis. The clinical significance of subsegmental PE is unknown. We sought to summarize the proportion of subsegmental PE diagnosed with single‐ and multiple‐detectors CTPA and assess the safety of diagnostic strategies based on single‐ or multiple‐detectors CTPA to exclude PE. Patients and methods: A systematic literature search strategy was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials. We selected 22 articles (20 prospective cohort studies and two randomized controlled trials) that included patients with suspected PE who underwent a CTPA and reported the rate of subsegmental PE. Two reviewers independently extracted data onto standardized forms. Results: The rate of subsegmental PE diagnosis was 4.7% 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.5–7.6 and 9.4 (95% CI: 5.5–14.2) in patients that underwent a single‐ and multiple‐detectors CTPA, respectively. The 3‐month thromboembolic risks in patients with suspected PE and who were left untreated based on a diagnostic algorithm including a negative CTPA was 0.9% (95% CI: 0.4–1.4) and 1.1% (95% CI: 0.7–1.4) for single‐ and multiple‐detectors CTPA, respectively. Conclusion: Multiple‐detectors CTPA seems to increase the proportion of patients diagnosed with subsegmental PE without lowering the 3‐month risk of thromboembolism suggesting that subsegmental PE may not be clinically relevant.
The usual concept of differentiability of fuzzy-number-valued functions, has the following shortcoming: if
c
is a fuzzy number and
g
:
a
,
b
→
R
is an usual real-valued function differentiable on
x
...0
∈
(
a
,
b
)
with
g
′
(
x
0
)
⩽
0
, then
f
(
x
)
=
c
⊙
g
(
x
)
is not differentiable on
x
0
. In this paper we introduce and study generalized concepts of differentiability (of any order
n
∈
N
), which solves this shortcoming. Newton–Leibnitz-type formula is obtained and existence of the solutions of fuzzy differential equations involving generalized differentiability is studied. Also, some concrete applications to partial and ordinary fuzzy differential equations with fuzzy input data of the form
c
⊙
g
(
x
)
, are given.
In a recent book co-authored by the authors of this article, we studied by semigroup theory methods several classical evolution equations, including the heat and Laplace equations, with real time ...variable and complex spatial variable, under the hypothesis that the boundary function belongs to the space of analytic functions in the open unit disk and continuous in the closed unit disk, endowed with the uniform norm. Also, in a subsequent paper, the authors have extended the results for the heat and Laplace equations in weighted Bergman spaces on the unit disk. The purpose of this article is to show that the semigroup theory methods work for these two evolution equations of complex spatial variables, under the hypothesis that the boundary function belongs to the weighted Fock space on $\mathbb{C}$, $F_{\alpha }^p(\mathbb{C})$, with $1\leq p<+\infty $, endowed with The $L^p$-norm. Also, the case of several complex variables is considered. The proofs use the Jensen's inequality, Fubini's theorem for integrals and the $L^p$-integral modulus of continuity.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Using a temporal-dynamic calibrated Ecosim food web model, we assess the effects of future changes on marine resources and ecosystem conditions of the Israeli Mediterranean continental shelf. This ...region has been intensely invaded by Indo-Pacific species. The region is exposed to extreme environmental conditions, is subjected to high rates of climate change and has experienced intense fishing pressure. We test the impacts of a new set of fishing regulations currently being implemented, a continued increase in sea temperatures following IPCC projections, and a continued increase in alien species biomass. We first investigate the impacts of the stressors separately, and then we combine them to evaluate their cumulative effects. Our results show overall potential future benefits of fishing effort reductions, and detrimental impacts of increasing sea temperature and increasing biomass of alien species. Cumulative scenarios suggest that the beneficial effects of fisheries reduction may be dampened by the impact of increasing sea temperature and alien species when acting together. These results illustrate the importance of including stressors other than fisheries, such as climate change and biological invasions, in an ecosystem-based management approach. These results support the need for reducing local and regional stressors, such as fishing and biological invasions, in order to promote resilience to sea warming.
Summary
Over the last decades, important advances have been made in the diagnosis of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Current diagnostic strategies rely on the sequential use of non‐invasive diagnostic ...tests, based on the pretest clinical probability of disease. Diagnostic tests include D‐dimer measurement, leg vein compression ultrasonography, chest computed tomography pulmonary angiography, or ventilation perfusion (V/Q) lung scan. The safety and cost‐effectiveness of these strategies have been extensively validated. They have been widely implemented in clinical practice and have replaced the historical gold standard diagnostic tests (venography and pulmonary angiography). However, new challenges arise, including a lower clinical suspicion threshold and concerns on potential over‐diagnosis of VTE. Moreover, the diagnostic management remains suboptimal in many subgroups of patients with suspected VTE: patients with prior VTE, pregnant women, or elderly patients.
Background: Pretest probability assessment is necessary to identify patients in whom pulmonary embolism (PE) can be safely ruled out by a negative D‐dimer without further investigations. ...Objective: Review and compare the performance of available clinical prediction rules (CPRs) for PE probability assessment. Patients/methods: We identified studies that evaluated a CPR in patients with suspected PE from Embase, Medline and the Cochrane database. We determined the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of prevalence of PE in the various clinical probability categories of each CPR. Statistical heterogeneity was tested. Results: We identified 9 CPR and included 29 studies representing 31215 patients. Pooled prevalence of PE for three‐level scores (low, intermediate or high clinical probability) was: low, 6% (95% CI, 4–8), intermediate, 23% (95% CI, 18–28) and high, 49% (95% CI, 43–56) for the Wells score; low, 13% (95% CI, 8–19), intermediate, 35% (95% CI, 31–38) and high, 71% (95% CI, 50–89) for the Geneva score; low, 9% (95% CI, 8–11), intermediate, 26% (95% CI, 24–28) and high, 76% (95% CI, 69–82) for the revised Geneva score. Pooled prevalence for two‐level scores (PE likely or PE unlikely) was 8% (95% CI,6–11) and 34% (95% CI,29–40) for the Wells score, and 6% (95% CI, 3–9) and 23% (95% CI, 11–36) for the Charlotte rule. Conclusion: Available CPR for assessing clinical probability of PE show similar accuracy. Existing scores are, however, not equivalent and the choice among various prediction rules and classification schemes (three‐ versus two‐level) must be guided by local prevalence of PE, type of patients considered (outpatients or inpatients) and type of D‐dimer assay applied.
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