Since the classical asymptotic theorems of Voronovskaya-type for positive and linear operators are in fact based on the Taylor’s formula which is a very particular case of Lagrange-Hermite ...interpolation formula, in the recent paper Gal 3, I have obtained semi-discrete quantitative Voronovskaya-type theorems based on other Lagrange-Hermite interpolation formulas, like Lagrange interpolation on two and three simple knots and Hermite interpolation on two knots, one simple and the other one double. In the present paper we obtain a semi-discrete quantitative Voronovskaya-type theorem based on Lagrange interpolation on arbitrary p + 1 simple distinct knots.
Objective: To determine the percentage of elective abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs)/aortoiliac aneurysms that currently can be repaired with endovascular grafts (EVGs), the reasons for rejection of ...EVGs, and the future role of EVG in the treatment of AAA.
Methods: From January 1997 to May 1998, patients at three hospitals (a university hospital, a university-affiliated teaching hospital, and a Veterans Administration hospital with university faculty and residents) were evaluated for EVGs as part of a national clinical trial with grafts manufactured by Endovascular Technologies (EVT, Menlo Park, Calif). All patients at two hospitals and patients treated by the participating surgeons at the third hospital were screened for EVG. Patients with AAAs that were ruptured, symptomatic, or involved renal or mesenteric arteries and patients who declined treatment were excluded from the study. Evaluation included clinical examination, computed tomography scan, and selective arteriography. The decision to proceed with EVG was made by the vascular surgeon, with input and concurrence of medical personnel from a company with extensive experience in endograft repair. The main outcome measures were the determination of the percentage of elective AAAs currently being treated with an EVG and the reasons for exclusion of patients from EVG placement.
Results: A total of 162 patients underwent elective treatment of an AAA, 22 (14%) with an EVG (14 bifurcated, eight tube) and 140 (86%) with traditional resection. Indications for not proceeding with an EVG included insufficient proximal cuff in 29 patients (21%), distal common iliac aneurysm or insufficient distal iliac neck in 29 patients (21%), proximal neck too large for an EVG in 24 patients (17%), symptomatic iliac stenosis in 23 patients (16%), iliac stenosis precluding introducer passage in 17 patients (12%), patient preference in 11 patients (8%), and calcification, kink, or extensive thrombus involving the proximal neck precluding safe graft attachment in seven patients (5%). Of the 22 patients treated with an EVG, three were converted to open resection, because of iliac stenosis in two patients and premature stent deployment in one patient (initial technical success rate, 86%).
Conclusion: Based on currently available technology, 80% of patients were not candidates for an EVG because of proximal calcification, short aortic or distal cuff, coexisting distal iliac aneurysm, and stenotic iliac disease. Even with the use of adjunctive procedures, most patients still require open repair. Significant changes in design will be necessary to apply these devices to most patients with an AAA. (J Vasc Surg 1999;30:68-75.)
Blunt trauma from bicycle handlebars is associated with well-described injuries of the abdominal viscera. These injuries result from the forceful compression of the relatively immobile abdominal ...organs between the handlebar end and the vertebral bodies. The common femoral artery is also immobile as it passes anterior to the superior pubic ramus, rendering this vessel susceptible to a similar mechanism of injury. We have treated two children who sustained thrombosis of the common femoral artery caused by bicycle handlebar trauma. The lack of familiarity with this uncommon mode of injury may contribute to delayed diagnosis and increased morbidity. We therefore wish to draw attention to this mechanism of injury.)
To determine whether graft revision on the basis of a duplex scan alone without an arteriogram is effective in identifying graft stenosis and allowing for repair to preserve bypass graft patency.
...From 1994 to 1997, all patients in whom infrainguinal grafts were placed at a University-affiliated teaching hospital were entered into a prospective protocol using duplex scanning to detect stenotic lesions. Studies were performed after the operation, at 1 month, at 3 months, and every 3 months thereafter. All grafts were composed of reversed autogenous vein and were placed subcutaneously to allow for easier monitoring and correction. Patients who had failing grafts underwent operative correction without preoperative arteriography.
During this interval, 48 lesions in 31 grafts were repaired. The indication for repair was a velocity ratio greater than 2.5 in all patients and greater than 3.0 for 43 lesions. Forty-four lesions had a peak systolic velocity greater than 250 cm/sec. Twenty-nine lesions reduced the distal graft velocity to less than 45 cm/sec. Sixteen lesions involved the proximal anastomosis, 26 the body of the graft, three the distal anastomosis, two involved inflow arteries, and one affected the outflow vessel. Repair included patch angioplasty for 39 lesions, resection with interposition graft for five, a proximal jump graft for three, and a distal extension graft for one. The severity and location of the stenosis was confirmed at operation in all cases. Twenty-eight of the 31 patients (90%) are currently alive, and follow-up on these patients has ranged from 5 to 36 months (mean, 19 months). Twenty-nine of the 31 grafts (94%) remained patent, with a 92% patency rate by life table analysis at 3 years. Follow-up duplex scans found improvement in the ankle-brachial index (mean increase, 0.33) and distal graft velocity (mean increase, 43 cm/sec) in all patients. After repair, 27 patients had a distal graft velocity greater than 45 cm/sec and no patient had a velocity ratio greater than 1.5. Complications included wound infection in two patients and bleeding that required reoperation in one. All symptomatic patients had clinical improvement, and none required early reexploration for residual stenosis.
Graft repair may be safely performed on the basis of duplex scanning alone with preservation of bypass patency and correction of hemodynamic deterioration. Duplex scanning can detect inflow or outflow disease in addition to intrinsic graft stenoses and can identify sequential lesions, eliminating the need for, expense of, and risk of arteriography.
Transcendental philosophy has traditionally sought to provide non-contingent grounds for (a 'rational' account of) certain aspects of cognitive, moral, and social life. Further, it has made a claim ...to being 'ultimately' grounded in the sense that its account of experience should provide a non-dogmatic account of its own possibility. Most current approaches to transcendental philosophy seek to do justice to these twin aspects of the project by making an 'intersubjective turn', taking the structure of dialogue or social practice rather than the 'I think' or consciousness as the locus of ultimate grounds. After examining the recent debate over transcendental arguments in order to illuminate the relations between two important versions of transcendental philosophy- the neo-Kantian version oriented toward justification of principles and the phenomenological version oriented toward clarification of meaning- this paper criticizes internally connected aspects of the intersubjective turn in K. O. Apel, Bernhard Waldenfels, and a recent 'practical' interpretation of Husserl. It is shown that the twin demands of the project can be redeemed only if ultimate grounding is seen first of all not as an epistemological or ontological question but (as Levinas suggests) as an ethical one. This requires modification of the appeal to intersubjectivity and a qualified return to the first-person perspective.
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Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE), http://encodeproject.org, has completed its fifth year of scientific collaboration to create a comprehensive catalog of functional elements in the human ...genome, and its third year of investigations in the mouse genome. Since the last report in this journal, the ENCODE human data repertoire has grown by 898 new experiments (totaling 2886), accompanied by a major integrative analysis. In the mouse genome, results from 404 new experiments became available this year, increasing the total to 583, collected during the course of the project. The University of California, Santa Cruz, makes this data available on the public Genome Browser http://genome.ucsc.edu for visual browsing and data mining. Download of raw and processed data files are all supported. The ENCODE portal provides specialized tools and information about the ENCODE data sets.
In 1928 Heidegger argued that the transcendental philosophy he had pursued in Being and Time needed to be completed by what he called "metontology." This paper analyzes what this notion amounts to. ...Far from being merely a curiosity of Heidegger scholarship, the place occupied by "metontology" opens onto a general issue concerning the relation between transcendental philosophy and metaphysics, and also between both of these and naturalistic empiricism. I pursue these issues in terms of an ambiguity in the notion of "grounding" in Being and Time and in the works of what I call Heidegger's "metaphysical decade" (1927-1937), defending a phenomenological conception (giving priority to the theory of meaning) against what proves to be the illusory idea that metaphysical grounds are presupposed in such transcendental philosophy.
Following the 2010 Deepwater Horizon accident of a massive blow-out in the Gulf of Mexico, scientists from government, industry, and academia collaborated to advance oil spill modeling and share best ...practices in model algorithms, parameterizations, and application protocols. This synergy was greatly enhanced by research funded under the Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative (GoMRI), a 10-year enterprise that allowed unprecedented collection of observations and data products, novel experiments, and international collaborations that focused on the Gulf of Mexico, but resulted in the generation of scientific findings and tools of broader value. Operational oil spill modeling greatly benefited from research during the GoMRI decade. This paper provides a comprehensive synthesis of the related scientific advances, remaining challenges, and future outlook. Two main modeling components are discussed: Ocean circulation and oil spill models, to provide details on all attributes that contribute to the success and limitations of the integrated oil spill forecasts. These forecasts are discussed in tandem with uncertainty factors and methods to mitigate them. The paper focuses on operational aspects of oil spill modeling and forecasting, including examples of international operational center practices, observational needs, communication protocols, and promising new methodologies.
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