•Mo doped KTP 24 × 18 × 8 mm3 single crystal grown by self flux method.•Powder X-ray diffraction data confirms the structural stability of pure and doped crystals.•The Mo: KTP single crystal shows ...low ionic conductivity and polarization with a low coercive field.
Pure and molybdenum-doped potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) single crystals were grown using the spontaneous crystallization by self-flux (K6P4O13) method, and their structural, optical, and electrical properties were studied. The structural properties were confirmed using powder XRD analysis, and there is no significant change in the basic crystal structure observed for the Mo doped KTP single crystal. The grown crystals' optical properties were analyzed using the ultraviolet-transmission spectral analysis, and the bandgap energy was calculated. The dielectric constant, dielectric loss, and electrical conductivity of the crystals were measured at different frequencies and temperatures and are discussed. P-E hysteresis loop response of Mo: KTP at different applied electric fields and temperature shows a low coercivity response. The ferroelectric fatigue analysis shows better homogeneity of the material.
The Internet of Things (IoT) solutions for agriculture are rapidly growing and have the potential to transform agriculture in many aspects. In particular, the plant disease detection devices play a ...vital role in improving the agriculture. The visual monitoring of plants for the onset of diseases is a tedious and time-consuming task for farmers and at the same time it is less accurate. Hence an automated system with environmental data and camera sensors can serve as an alternative and effective solution for manual monitoring of plants. In this paper, a novel and efficient compressed sensing inbuilt plant disease detection device is developed which uses a foreground-based segmentation method and two step feature extraction technique to detect and classify two of the major banana diseases. A database is created for banana bunchy top and sigatoka leaf spot diseases by collecting images in real time from the fields of southern parts of Tamilnadu namely Thadiyankudisai and Thandikudi of Dindigul district, KC Patti, Muthalapuram, Suruli Patti and Kambam of Theni district and ICAR NRCB, Tiruchirapalli. The performance of the proposed device has been evaluated in terms of percentage of the infected areas, the detection accuracy, the percentage of reduction in features and the classification accuracy. The prototype of the proposed device is developed and validated using the Raspberry pi board. The results show that the proposed device achieves detection accuracy of 96.75% and classification accuracy of 97.33%.
Sustaining a resilient and reliable water cycle is a global challenge, which inevitably needs proper understanding and action at many levels. One quarter of the world’s population depends on water ...from forested catchments, where behavior of atmospheric water nonetheless governs the forest-water interactions and thus the ultimate water availability. As per a coarse estimation the water vapors comprise one quarter of 1% of atmospheric mass being equivalent to just 2.5 centimeters of liquid water over the entire Earth. Such water availability raises more tangible concerns for most people than do temperature and carbon. Ever escalating populations and living standards are badly impacting the earth’s surface in variety of ways, as 1.5 million Km2 of dense tree cover were reported to be lost between 2000-2012, leading to highly impeded access to fresh water. Majority of studies of how forest land use and its change influences climate and hydrology rely on models (mostly imperfect owing to pitiable/incomplete process understandings and poor parameterization). It is projected that land cover changes have caused a 5 to 6 % reduction in global atmospheric wetness. A plethora of alike estimations/inferences are included herein to offer relevant R&D insights on core theme of this paper, by encircling reviews of few global observations and findings towards forest influences on quality and quantity of water. With increasing demand for agricultural and urban land (owing to population/affluent life-styles) majority of forests are put under pressure. At this juncture tropical regions like India remains more crucial, as their water and land use policies are often influenced to big extent by many perceived effects from hydrological functioning of forested catchments. This paper offers certain food for thought by summarizing relevant scientific consensus of key aspects of forest-water relationships and couple of wider aspects towards ‘forest-water interactions’ and ‘water quality and pollution facets. Apprehensions and knowledge gaps about hydrological impacts of forest management and also the emerging futuristic R&D issues are elaborated with specified line of sights on effects of forests and forest management on various stream flow parameters, soil erosion, stream sedimentation, water quality, landslides and water uses. Owing to their inherent capabilities and capacities, the forests govern available moisture for tree growth, evapotranspiration (ET), soil infiltration, ground water recharge, and runoff; hence could be projected as futuristic ‘water towers’. Hydraulic redistribution of water in soil remains other important activities by the forest, where tree root structures plays a vital role to facilitate both upward and downward water dynamics. Even under low to intermediate tree cover each tree remains capable to improve soil hydraulic properties even up to 25 m from its canopy edge, with higher hydrologic gains in comparison to associated additional losses (transpiration and interception). Among most profound and alarming insights offered by this write up are; critical knowledge gaps on understanding importance of forests to water, trends of findings from a few catchments based hydrological experiments on water yield, roles forest may play in regulating water fluxes and rainfall patterns. Other key messages offered for water and forest policy makers includes issues like water use by forests, flood flows, water quality, erosion, climate change, energy forest, and forest water productivities.
Liposomes have gained prominence as nanocarriers in drug delivery, and the number of products in the market is increasing steadily, particularly in cancer therapeutics. Remote loading of drugs in ...liposomes is a significant step in the translation and commercialization of the first liposomal product. Low drug loading and drug leakage from liposomes is a translational hurdle that was effectively circumvented by the remote loading process. Remote loading or active loading could load nearly 100% of the drug, which was not possible with the passive loading procedure. A major drawback of conventional remote loading is that only a very small percentage of the drugs are amenable to this method. Therefore, methods for drug loading are still a problem for several drugs. The loading of multiple drugs in liposomes to improve the efficacy and safety of nanomedicine has gained prominence recently with the introduction of a marketed formulation (Vyxeos) that improves overall survival in acute myeloid leukemia. Different strategies for modifying the remote loading process to overcome the drawbacks of the conventional method are discussed here. The review aims to discuss the latest developments in remote loading technology and its implications in liposomal drug delivery.
A purely automated solution for the recycling procedure. In the course of recycling the problem comes up to light, the classification and segregation of materials. The waste consisting of both ...plastic and metal can easily be now categorized without any complication. The details will be set aside in the form of data and can be used on any occasion. This model will work on the neural network to classify the quality of the product. The model will provide ease in segregating the waste in the right way, this is fruitful for nature as the segregated waste can be disposed of easily and saves time and resources as well. The proposed model uses CNN for image classification under the domain of Deep Learning Neural Networks using Python.
Holliday junction is the key homologous recombination intermediate, resolved by structure-selective endonucleases (SSEs). SLX1 is the most promiscuous SSE of the GIY-YIG nuclease superfamily. In ...fungi and animals, SLX1 nuclease activity relies on a non-enzymatic partner, SLX4, but no SLX1-SLX4 like complex has ever been characterized in plants. Plants exhibit specialized DNA repair and recombination machinery. Based on sequence similarity with the GIY-YIG nuclease domain of SLX1 proteins from fungi and animals, At-HIGLE was identified to be a possible SLX1 like nuclease from plants. Here, we elucidated the crystal structure of the At-HIGLE nuclease domain from Arabidopsis thaliana, establishing it as a member of the SLX1-lineage of the GIY-YIG superfamily with structural changes in DNA interacting regions. We show that At-HIGLE can process branched-DNA molecules without an SLX4 like protein. Unlike fungal SLX1, At-HIGLE exists as a catalytically active homodimer capable of generating two coordinated nicks during HJ resolution. Truncating the extended C-terminal region of At-HIGLE increases its catalytic activity, changes the nicking pattern, and monomerizes At-HIGLE. Overall, we elucidated the first structure of a plant SLX1-lineage protein, showed its HJ resolving activity independent of any regulatory protein, and identified an in-built novel regulatory mechanism engaging its C-terminal region.
“Save Soil Save Earth” is not just a catchphrase; it is a necessity to protect soil ecosystem from the unwanted and unregulated level of xenobiotic contamination. Numerous challenges such as type, ...lifespan, nature of pollutants and high cost of treatment has been associated with the treatment or remediation of contaminated soil, whether it be either on-site or off-site. Due to the food chain, the health of non-target soil species as well as human health were impacted by soil contaminants, both organic and inorganic. In this review, the use of microbial omics approaches and artificial intelligence or machine learning has been comprehensively explored with recent advancements in order to identify the sources, characterize, quantify, and mitigate soil pollutants from the environment for increased sustainability. This will generate novel insights into methods for soil remediation that will reduce the time and expense of soil treatment.
•Organic and inorganic pollutants jeopardise the health of humans and the environment.•The key to remediation is the use of combined strategies.•Machine learning and artificial intelligence play a major role in treatment approaches.
The global rise in industrialization and vehicularization has led to the increasing trend in the use of different crude oil types. Among these mobil oil has major application in automobiles and ...different machines. The combustion of mobil oil renders a non-usable form that ultimately enters the environment thereby causing problems to environmental health. The aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon fraction of mobil oil has serious human and environmental health hazards. These components upon interaction with soil affect its fertility and microbial diversity. The recent advancement in the omics approach viz. metagenomics, metatranscriptomics and metaproteomics has led to increased efficiency for the use of microbial based remediation strategy. Additionally, the use of biosurfactants further aids in increasing the bioavailability and thus biodegradation of crude oil constituents. The combination of more than one approach could serve as an effective tool for efficient reduction of oil contamination from diverse ecosystems. To the best of our knowledge only a few publications on mobil oil have been published in the last decade. This systematic review could be extremely useful in designing a micro-bioremediation strategy for aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems contaminated with mobil oil or petroleum hydrocarbons that is both efficient and feasible. The state-of-art information and future research directions have been discussed to address the issue efficiently.
Display omitted
•Mobil oil waste contains aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons.•Microbial aided degradation is effective for combating hydrocarbon pollution.•Meta-omics approach aids in the identification of robust microbial strains.•Biosurfactants addition increases the biodegradation of mobil oil.
This article covers the advancements and challenges in microbial remediation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are highly concerning pollutants due to their detrimental impacts on the ...environment and human health. It highlights the need for effective remediation methods in the face of rapid industrialization and expanding economies. Among the various approaches studied, microbial remediation has emerged as a promising, environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and sustainable strategy. However, the efficacy of microbial remediation is hindered by factors such as the ageing in the environment, toxicity of PAHs to microbial populations, the identification of more effective degradative enzymes, and the proliferation rate of degradative microbial strains in contaminated environments. Another constrain in biodegradation is the bioavailability of the PAHs which is primarily limited due to its low aqueous solubility and complex chemical structure. To address these challenges, innovative techniques such as multi-omics and genetic engineering have been employed to discover novel dehydrogenases and dioxygenases like catechol 2,3-dioxygenase gene responsible for PAHs degradation. The addition of microbial derived biosurfactants can be employed to address a major issue of PAHs bioavailability. Despite significant progress, the restoration of contaminated sites remains challenging due to the unfavourable environmental conditions encountered in real-world scenarios. This comprehensive communication aims to draw global attention to the hazardous nature of PAHs and shed light on the existing research gaps in order to guide future research endeavours in PAH degradation and remediation.
Display omitted
•Eco-friendly microbes tackle harmful polycyclic hydrocarbons.•PAH ageing, toxicity, & bioavailability affect biodegradation.•Multi-omics & genetic engineering unveils novel dehydrogenases and dioxygenases.•Unfavourable conditions necessitate development of robust microbial strategies for.
PDF
