GPR prospection in ancient Ephesos Hruska, Jiri; Fuchs, Gerald
Journal of applied geophysics,
03/1999, Letnik:
41, Številka:
2
Journal Article, Conference Proceeding
Recenzirano
Urban area of ancient Ephesos (present Turkey) is too large to be fully excavated, so geophysical prospection and mapping can help with the investigation. Georadar is one of the most effective tools ...for it. Two different tasks solved by georadar are presented. The first problem was the interconnection between the city and the temple of Artemis. By historical records, it was made by two sacred procession roads, which had character of Graeco–Roman stoa, i.e., a roofed road. Only small parts of these roads were discovered in ruins or excavated. Some hundreds of metres from total length of a few kilometres became known, but the questions above were not solved. Then, the area was prospected by georadar. Series of GPR lines were scanned gradually from the last known points and evaluated right on the spot. As a result, a plan of georadar indications could be drawn. These indications created two lines tracing unknown parts of both roads joining together and then continuing till the entry of the temple. The results were confirmed by two boreholes. The second task was mapping of Hellenistic level of Tetragonos agora. At present, it is under the Roman level, and is visible only in some excavation pits. About a half the square was covered by detailed georadar survey. Numerous anomalies indicated presence of underground objects. Compared with the results of excavations, they were interpreted as ancient remains in several levels. Then plans of these indications were compiled for separated levels. Hellenistic buildings remains were mapped, forming an older agora, smaller and slightly different by its shape from the Roman building plan. Besides it, uncovered parts of Roman ruins were detected, as well as some remains of Classic and Archaic settlement levels. Some traces of even older human presence were found under them. Georadar results will serve as a guideline for future excavations.
This paper describes new rock art sites in the region east of Idfu, where at least 50 sites with several thousands of petroglyphs offer huge potential for future research. Site ET-A/WB 4 provides the ...largest representation of a boat yet discovered in the Eastern Desert; it is part of a scene extending over about 10 m of rock with boats, animals and human figures in procession. This scene and another one from site ET-A/WB 5 can be dated to the transition from the prehistoric to the dynastic periods. All sites in the Wadi el-Barramiya are endangered due to their location near a main road used by construction works and visitors. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
This paper describes new rock art sites in the region east of Idfu, where at least 50 sites with several thousands of petroglyphs offer huge potential for future research. Site ET-A/WB 4 provides the ...largest representation of a boat yet discovered in the Eastern Desert; it is part of a scene extending over about 10 m of rock with boats, animals and human figures in procession. This scene and another one from site ET-A/WB 5 can be dated to the transition from the prehistoric to the dynastic periods. All sites in the Wadi el-Barramiya are endangered due to their location near a main road used by construction works and visitors. /// Dans cet article quelques sites à gravures rupestres récemment découverts dans la région à l'est d'Idfu sont décrits. Une cinquantaine de ces sites avec des milliers de pétroglyphes présentent un potentiel énorme pour les recherches futures. Le site ET-A/WB 4 nous donne la représentation d'un bâteau la plus grande connue jusqu'à présent dans le désert oriental d'Egypte. Cette représentation cependant ne constitue qu'un morceau d'un tableau qui se prolonge sur environ 10 m de la surface rocheuse avec des bâteaux, des animaux et des formes humaines en cortège. Ce tableau ainsi qu'un autre du site ET-A/WB 5 peut être situé chronologiquement à la transition de l'époque préhistorique et l'époque dynastique. Tous les sites du Wadi el-Barramiya sont menacés en raison de leur proximité d'une grande route fréquentée par les touristes et aussi par les travaux publics.
Pilot studies have indicated that peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) might be a safe and effective treatment for achalasia. We performed a prospective, international, multicenter study to determine ...the outcomes of 70 patients who underwent POEM at 5 centers in Europe and North America. Three months after POEM, 97% of patients were in symptom remission (95% confidence interval, 89%–99%); symptom scores were reduced from 7 to 1 ( P < .001) and lower esophageal sphincter pressures were reduced from 28 to 9 mm Hg ( P < .001). The percentage of patients in symptom remission at 6 and 12 months was 89% and 82%, respectively. POEM was found to be an effective treatment for achalasia after a mean follow-up period of 10 months. Clinical Trials Gov Registration number: NCT01405417.
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