Objective: To determine if significant differences exist in rates and amounts of post-peak residual mandibular growth in subjects with vertical, average and horizontal growth patterns. Methods: ...Untreated subjects with Class I characteristics from the AAOF Growth Legacy Collection were categorized into three growth pattern groups based on their change in the Y-axis from 9 to 16 years. Peak mandibular growth was determined using cephalometric measurements. Mandibular growth amount and rate were compared between groups at peak (T0), 2 years post-peak (T1) and 18 years (T2) using one-way ANOVA. Results: Inter-group differences in mandibular growth amount were not statistically significant. The mandibular growth rate between T1 and T2 was slightly lower in the horizontal facial type compared to average. Male and female subjects showed similar trends. Conclusions: No clinically significant differences in amount or rate of post-peak mandibular growth were found between different facial types or male and female subjects.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the retentive strength of orthodontic bands cemented with amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP)-containing and conventional glass ionomer ...cements (GICs). Materials and Methods: One-hundred-and-twenty mandibular third molars were embedded in acrylic resin blocks with the buccal surface of crowns perpendicular to the base of the mold. The teeth were randomly divided into four groups containing 30 teeth each. Groups 1 and 3 were cemented using conventional GIC and groups 2 and 4 were cemented using ACP-containing orthodontic cement. Groups 1 and 2 without thermocycling, and groups 3 and 4 after thermocycling (5000 cycles, 5° to 55°C) were tested for retentive strength using a universal testing machine (crosshead speed of 1mm/minute). Two-way ANOVA was performed to compare the retentive strength of the groups. Results: The highest retentive strength belonged to group 1, and it was significantly higher than that of group 2 (P<0.001) and group 3 (P=0.02). The mean strength for group 2 was significantly lower than that of group 1 (P<0.001) and group 4 (P=0.04). Conclusions: Although retentive strength decreased when ACP was added to GIC, the retentive strength of the samples cemented by ACP-containing GIC was remarkably high after thermocycling. It seems that in the oral cavity, ACP-containing GIC provides sufficient strength to endure forces applied on posterior teeth.
Background
Although using light-cured composites for bonding orthodontic brackets has become increasingly popular, curing light cannot penetrate the metallic bulk of brackets and polymerization of ...composites is limited to the edges. Limited access and poor direct sight may be a problem in the posterior teeth. Meanwhile, effectiveness of the trans-illumination technique is questionable due to increased bucco-lingual thickness of the posterior teeth. Light-emitting diode (LED) light-curing units cause less temperature rise and lower risk to the pulpal tissue. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of trans-illumination technique in bonding metallic brackets to premolars, using different light intensities and curing times of an LED light-curing unit.
Methods
Sixty premolars were randomly divided into six groups. Bonding of brackets was done with 40- and 80-s light curing from the buccal or lingual aspect with different intensities. Shear bond strengths of brackets were measured using a universal testing machine. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance test and Duncan's
post hoc
test.
Results
The highest shear bond belonged to group 2 (high intensity, 40 s, buccal) and the lowest belonged to group 3 (low intensity, 40 s, lingual). Bond strength means in control groups were significantly higher than those in experimental groups.
Conclusions
In all experimental groups except group 6 (80 s, high intensity, lingual), shear bond strength was below the clinically accepted values. In clinical limitations where light curing from the same side of the bracket is not possible, doubling the curing time and increasing the light intensity during trans-illumination are recommended for achieving acceptable bond strengths.
The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the retentive strength of orthodontic bands cemented with amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP)-containing and conventional glass ionomer cements (GICs).
...One-hundred-and-twenty mandibular third molars were embedded in acrylic resin blocks with the buccal surface of crowns perpendicular to the base of the mold. The teeth were randomly divided into four groups containing 30 teeth each. Groups 1 and 3 were cemented using conventional GIC and groups 2 and 4 were cemented using ACP-containing orthodontic cement. Groups 1 and 2 without thermocycling, and groups 3 and 4 after thermocycling (5000 cycles, 5° to 55°C) were tested for retentive strength using a universal testing machine (crosshead speed of 1mm/minute). Two-way ANOVA was performed to compare the retentive strength of the groups.
The highest retentive strength belonged to group 1, and it was significantly higher than that of group 2 (P<0.001) and group 3 (P=0.02). The mean strength for group 2 was significantly lower than that of group 1 (P<0.001) and group 4 (P=0.04).
Although retentive strength decreased when ACP was added to GIC, the retentive strength of the samples cemented by ACP-containing GIC was remarkably high after thermocycling. It seems that in the oral cavity, ACP-containing GIC provides sufficient strength to endure forces applied on posterior teeth.
Introduction: The restoration of endodontically treated teeth is a topic that has been studied extensively but it is still a challenge for dental practitioners. The aim of this study was to evaluate ...fracture resistance, fracture patterns and fracture location of endodontically treated human maxillary premolars restored with direct and indirect composite resin and ceramic restoration. Methods: Eighty non-carious maxillary premolars were selected and divided into four groups (n=20). Endodontic treatment and mesio-occluso-distal preparations were carried out in all the groups except for the control group (group I). Subsequently, the prepared teeth were restored as follows: group II: indirect composite restoration; group III: ceramic restoration; group IV: direct composite restoration. The specimens were subjected to compressive axial loading until fracture occurred. The mode of failure was also recorded. Results: Group I had higher fracture resistance (1196.82±241.74) than the other groups (P
Prior to the attacks of September 11, 2001 most Americans knew very little to nothing about Islam or Muslims. That lack of knowledge quickly changed due to a combination of factors. These primary ...factors included media coverage of the attackers' mission of Islamic extremism, American foreign and domestic policies and subsequent wars with two Muslim Nations. As a (m)uslim American student and Educator I was compelled to document the experiences of Muslim American youth between the ages of 18 and 22 who express sentiments of alienation, segregation, stigmatization and demonization in this post 9/11 era. In this multi-pronged qualitative study, I present an Introduction to Islam and Muslims, document the history of Muslims in The United States of America, review literature pertaining to the societal experiences of Muslim Americans after 9/11, document efforts made by various non-governmental organizations in addressing such experiences (through magazines, documentaries, lesson plans etc.), record, code and analyze the experiences of 18 Muslim American Youth between the ages of 18-22. This exploratory study sought to document the experiences of Muslim American Youth in a post 9/11 era using a qualitative methodology. Semi structured interviews were used as the tool in initiating dialogue with the youth (Denzin & Lincoln, 2000). The rationale used for this tool was that this specific tool of qualitative research allows the researcher to get to know the participant and mold the interview questions to the specific participant. This more fluid method creates a space where the voice of the participants can be more authentically facilitated (Oakley, 1981). In a time when the United States is involved in wars with two Muslim Nations, how are the social and educational experiences of youth affected? The sub-questions were: (1) Do the youth experience more discrimination and stereotyping? (2) Do the youth feel marginalized and segregated from their peers and society? (3) Do the youth feel vilified? (4) Did/do their schools help them feel included? (5) What are their thoughts and perceptions about their place in the American Social Landscape? (6) If the youth report such experiences, how are they coping? The conversations with the 18 selected youth suggest that: Many of the youth felt that after 9/11 they (as American Muslims) occupy a far more marginalized space in the American social landscape. They attested that they feel marginalized, often demonized, and othered. The youth shared experiences of profiling, stereotyping and at times even report overt acts of discrimination such as blatant physical assault. The participants included nine females and nine males who grew up in California and attended public school. The participants were equally selected from Northern California, Central California and Southern California. Of the nine male participants two wore traditional Muslim clothing (one always, and one occasionally), while six of the female participants wore hijab (traditional Islamic covering of the hair) and three did not. One female participant claimed that she wore the hijab/scarf "sometimes", and one of the female participants reported that her social experiences dramatically changed after she removed her hijab. The female participants who wore hijab shared much higher incidents of perceived/experienced discrimination than the males and their counterparts who did not wear hijab. The common themes that emerged from the interviews included: (1) Perceived/Experienced Discrimination; (2) Isolation; (3) Fear (For personal safety as Muslims after 9/11 and other terrorist attacks involving Muslim; (4) Perceptions of Mainstream Media Coverage and representations of Muslims and Islam. (5) Isolation/Alienation from the dominant society and peers. Serving in the capacity of investigators, participants also shared some of the experiences of their families and friends and shared their thoughts about the Media, what they thought the American general public may think about Muslims and Islam and provided testimonies of what they thought all Americans should know about Islam. They shared wisdom scaffolded for their peers, teachers, and government representatives. Overall, all of the participants shared strong connections to their Identities as hyphenated Americans, asserting that they are no less American than any other American. Despite many shared experiences of discrimination, the students were predominantly positive and hopeful about their place in the American social landscape and attributed their negative experiences to a lack of knowledge and understanding of the "true facts of Islam" combined with skewed representation by the popular media representation. If the negative effects of 9/11 are not addressed and teachers are not educated about the basic tenants of Islam, will these tragic events contribute to the creation of a new class of disenfranchised, alienated and stigmatized young Americans? Copies of dissertations may be obtained by addressing your request to ProQuest, 789 E. Eisenhower Parkway, P.O. Box 1346, Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346. Telephone 1-800-521-3042; email: disspub@umi.com
Patient education is a key component of patient care, positively affecting health promotion and self-care ability. In this regard, an extensive body of research supports the use of the andragogy ...model in patient education. The study aimed to explore the experiences of people with cardiovascular disease in patient education.
This qualitative study involved 30 adult patients with cardiovascular disease who were hospitalized or had a history of hospitalization. They were purposively recruited with maximum variation from two large hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Data were gathered by conducting semi-structured interviews. Data collection was done by conducting semi-structured interviews. Then, the data were analyzed using directed content analysis and a preliminary framework based on six constructs of the andragogy model.
Data analysis resulted in the development of 850 primary codes, which were reduced to 660 during data reduction. These codes were grouped into nineteen subcategories under the six primary constructs of the andragogy model, i.e., need-to-know, self-concept, prior experience, readiness for learning, orientation to learning, and motivation for learning. The most common problems in patient education were associated with self-concept, previous experience, and readiness for learning components.
This study provides valuable information about the problems of patient education for adults with cardiovascular disease. Correction of the issues identified can improve care quality and patient outcomes.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
CEKLJ, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
It has been suggested that thylakoid supplementation could be associated with favorable changes in appetite. However, the present trials are inconsistent.
This systematic review and meta-analysis ...aimed to investigate whether thylakoid supplementation is effective in hunger/fullness changes.
A comprehensive literature search was performed before conducting a systematic search in PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Sciences databases up to May 2023.
Of the 262 articles found, 5 articles that measured hunger fullness expressed as ratings on the visual analog scale (VAS) for appetite analyses were selected and thoroughly examined. Relevant information, such as the authors' names, year of publication, country of origin, study design, number and status of participants, intervention dosage and type, study duration, assay used, and key findings, was extracted from these articles. The Jadad scale was used to evaluate the quality of studies.
The data were obtained using STATA version 13 (StataCorp). Effect sizes were reported as weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses were performed to estimate whether the effects of thylakoid supplementation on hunger and fullness varied according to dose, intervention duration, baseline population age and body mass index, baseline hunger and fullness, total sample size, and study quality. Fractional polynomial modeling was carried out to estimate time- and dose-response meta-analysis of the association between thylakoid and satiety and fullness. The meta-analysis also suggests a significant association between the combination of thylakoids with meals and reduced hunger (WMD: -2.415 mm; 95% CI: -3.544, -1.287; P < 0.001) and increased fullness (WMD: +4.602 mm; 95% CI: 2.356, 6.848; P < 0.001). Further analysis showed that thylakoid supplementation with 2 doses of 5 g/day (P = 0.002) and 7.4 g/day (P = 0.021) is more effective in reducing the feeling of hunger during an intervention of less than 56 days (P < 0.001) and with a lower level of hunger (VAS <45 mm, P < 0.001). Furthermore, a significant increase in the perception of fullness was found at a duration of less than 84 days (P < 0.001) and baseline fullness of more than 45 mm (P < 0.001).
Supplementation with thylakoid shows favorable effects on reducing hunger and increasing fullness during a shorter intervention duration. Further trials are required to shed light on this relationship.
PROSPERO registration no. CRD42023432429.
Patient education is a critical aspect of patient care and is considered a vital part of self-care (especially in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD)) and health promotion. The literature ...supports incorporating the principles of the andragogy model (adult learning) into patient education. This study aimed to determine the concordance of the CVD patient education with the principles of the andragogy model.
This cross-sectional survey was conducted on 384 adult CVD patients from 2 selected hospitals of Tehran. The sampling method was convenient, and the data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire based on the principles of the andragogy model. Data were analyzed using SPSS16 statistical software.
The mean age of the patients was 55.69 ± 13.01 years old. Frequency of distribution of the patients who, in total, selected the items of 4 or 5 for respecting the principles of andragogy model was as follows: 68.16% for the motivation, 66.29% for the need, 66.03% for the orientation, 54.16% for the experiences, 51.55% for the self-concept, and 44.65% for the readiness principle. Also, three principles of motivation (77.37) need (74.97), and orientation (74.78) had the highest mean, respectively, in terms of adhering to this model. But the most common problems in patient education were related to the principles of readiness (64.35), self-concept (68.19), and experiences (77.71) with the lowest mean.
The findings of this study provided valuable information on the flaws in patient education, including ignoring and disrespecting the principles of adult education. Correcting these detected defects and providing feedback to health professionals can improve the quality of patient education programs and patient satisfaction. Also, it empowers healthcare providers, patients, and families through effective education strategies.
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