This paper presents the design of the LHCb trigger and its performance on data taken at the LHC in 2011. A principal goal of LHCb is to perform flavour physics measurements, and the trigger is ...designed to distinguish charm and beauty decays from the light quark background. Using a combination of lepton identification and measurements of the particles' transverse momenta the trigger selects particles originating from charm and beauty hadrons, which typically fly a finite distance before decaying. The trigger reduces the roughly 11MHz of bunch-bunch crossings that contain at least one inelastic pp interaction to 3 kHz. This reduction takes place in two stages; the first stage is implemented in hardware and the second stage is a software application that runs on a large computer farm. A data-driven method is used to evaluate the performance of the trigger on several charm and beauty decay modes.
The Belle experiment has accomplished various CP violation measurements, in order to constrain the CKM Unitarity Triangle and to search for New Physics signatures, using a data sample of 772 million ...B-meson pairs. The Belle II experiment will extend research capabilities in this field, thanks to the 50 times larger integrated luminosity expected to be delivered by the SuperKEKB e+e− collider. The results from Belle and future prospects at Belle II are presented.
Here, we present a measurement of angular observables and a test of lepton flavor universality in the B → K*ℓ+ℓ- decay, where ℓ is either e or μ . The analysis is performed on a data sample ...corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 711fb-1 containing 772×106 B B ¯ pairs, collected at the Υ ( 4S ) resonance with the Belle detector at the asymmetric-energy e+e- collider KEKB. The finding is consistent with standard model (SM) expectations, where the largest discrepancy from a SM prediction is observed in the muon modes with a local significance of 2.6σ .
SuperKEKB, the massive upgrade of the asymmetric electron positron collider KEKB in Tsukuba, Japan, aims at an integrated luminosity in excess of 50 ab super(?1). It will deliver an instantaneous ...luminosity of 8 ? 10 super(35) cm super(?2) s super(?1), which is 40 times higher than the world record set by KEKB. At this high luminosity, a large increase of the background relative to the previous KEKB machine is expected. This and the more demanding physics rate ask for an entirely new tracking system. The expected increase of background would in fact create an unacceptable high occupancy for a silicon strip detector, making an efficient tracks reconstruction and vertexing impossible. The solution for Belle II is a pixel detector which intrinsically provides three dimensional space points. The new two layers silicon pixel vertex detector, based on DEPFET technology, will be mounted directly on the beam pipe. It will provide an accurate measurement of the tracks position in order to precisely reconstruct the decay vertex of the short living particles.In this paper we will discuss the physics performance of the Belle II pixel vertex detector which will be essential for the precise measurement of the CP parameters in various B and D decay modes.
We report the result for a search for the leptonic decay of B+→μ+νμ using the full Belle dataset of 711 fb−1 of integrated luminosity at the ϒ(4S) resonance. In the Standard Model leptonic B-meson ...decays are helicity and Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa suppressed. To maximize sensitivity an inclusive tagging approach is used to reconstruct the second B meson produced in the collision. The directional information from this second B meson is used to boost the observed μ into the signal B-meson rest frame, in which the μ has a monochromatic momentum spectrum. Though its momentum is smeared by the experimental resolution, this technique improves the analysis sensitivity considerably. Analyzing the μ momentum spectrum in this frame we find B(B+→μ+νμ)=(5.3±2.0±0.9)×10−7 with a one-sided significance of 2.8 standard deviations over the background-only hypothesis. This translates to a frequentist upper limit of B(B+→μ+νμ)<8.6×10−7 at 90% confidence level. The experimental spectrum is then used to search for a massive sterile neutrino, B+→μ+N, but no evidence is observed for a sterile neutrino with a mass in a range of 0–1.5 GeV. The determined B+→μ+νμ branching fraction limit is further used to constrain the mass and coupling space of the type II and type III two-Higgs-doublet models.
We report a study of the charmless hadronic decay of the charged B meson to the three-body final state K+K−π+. The results are based on a data sample that contains 772×106 BB¯ pairs collected at the ...ϒ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e− collider. The measured inclusive branching fraction and direct CP asymmetry are (5.38±0.40±0.35)×10−6 and −0.170±0.073±0.017, respectively, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. The K+K− invariant mass distribution of the signal candidates shows an excess in the region below 1.5 GeV/c2, which is consistent with the previous studies from BABAR and LHCb. In addition, strong evidence of a large direct CP asymmetry is found in the low K+K− invariant-mass region.
Circle and ellipse detection have been a widely discussed topic among the computer vision community. Applying circle detection methods to satellite images can bring valuable information on urban or ...industrial areas. A limitation of such methods lies in the resolution of the object to detect. The smaller they are in the image, the harder it becomes to detect them accurately. In this paper, we explore several circle detection methods adapted to low resolution satellite images. An algorithm based on level-lines detection and classification will be presented in this paper along with other well known algorithms. The methods are evaluated in the context of oil tank detection in Sentinel-2 images where those circular objects can have an observed diameter as small as 2 pixels.
We present the first measurements of absolute branching fractions of Ξ_{c}^{0} decays into Ξ^{-}π^{+}, ΛK^{-}π^{+}, and pK^{-}K^{-}π^{+} final states. The measurements are made using a dataset ...comprising (772±11)×10^{6} BBover ¯ pairs collected at the ϒ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB e^{+}e^{-} collider. We first measure the absolute branching fraction for B^{-}→Λover ¯_{c}^{-}Ξ_{c}^{0} using a missing-mass technique; the result is B(B^{-}→Λover ¯_{c}^{-}Ξ_{c}^{0})=(9.51±2.10±0.88)×10^{-4}. We subsequently measure the product branching fractions B(B^{-}→Λover ¯_{c}^{-}Ξ_{c}^{0})B(Ξ_{c}^{0}→Ξ^{-}π^{+}), B(B^{-}→Λover ¯_{c}^{-}Ξ_{c}^{0})B(Ξ_{c}^{0}→ΛK^{-}π^{+}), and B(B^{-}→Λover ¯_{c}^{-}Ξ_{c}^{0})B(Ξ_{c}^{0}→pK^{-}K^{-}π^{+}) with improved precision. Dividing these product branching fractions by the result for B^{-}→Λover ¯_{c}^{-}Ξ_{c}^{0} yields the following branching fractions: B(Ξ_{c}^{0}→Ξ^{-}π^{+})=(1.80±0.50±0.14)%, B(Ξ_{c}^{0}→ΛK^{-}π^{+})=(1.17±0.37±0.09)%, and B(Ξ_{c}^{0}→pK^{-}K^{-}π^{+})=(0.58±0.23±0.05)%. For the above branching fractions, the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. Our result for B(Ξ_{c}^{0}→Ξ^{-}π^{+}) can be combined with Ξ_{c}^{0} branching fractions measured relative to Ξ_{c}^{0}→Ξ^{-}π^{+} to yield other absolute Ξ_{c}^{0} branching fractions.
Using 980 fb−1 of data collected with the Belle detector operating at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e− collider, we report a study of the electromagnetic decays of excited charmed baryons Ξc(2790) and ...Ξc(2815). A clear signal (8.6 standard deviations) is observed for ... and we measure: ... We also present evidence (3.8 standard deviations) for the similar decay of the Ξc(2790)0 and measure: ... The first quoted uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. We find no hint of the analogous decays of the Ξc(2815)+ and Ξc(2790)+ baryons and set upper limits at the 90% confidence level of: ..., and ... Approximate values of the partial widths of the decays are extracted, which can be used to discriminate between models of the underlying quark structure of these excited states. (ProQuest: ... denotes formula omitted.)
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