A
bstract
The necessary and sufficient conditions for warped product dS
4
solutions in
D
= 11 supergravity to be supersymmetric are determined. The Killing spinor is associated with two possible ...stabilizer groups, SU(3) and G
2
. We show that there are no solutions to the Killing Spinor equations in the G
2
stabilizer case. For the SU(3) stablilzer case, all of the conditions imposed from supersymmetry on the 4-form flux, and the geometry of the internal manifold, are determined in terms of SU(3) invariant spinor bilinears.
BACKGROUND: The Anti-Inflammatory Diet (IBD-AID) is a nutritional regimen for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that restricts the intake of certain carbohydrates, includes the ingestion of pre- and ...probiotic foods, and modifies dietary fatty acids to demonstrate the potential of an adjunct dietary therapy for the treatment of IBD. METHODS: Forty patients with IBD were consecutively offered the IBD-AID to help treat their disease, and were retrospectively reviewed. Medical records of 11 of those patients underwent further review to determine changes in the Harvey Bradshaw Index (HBI) or Modified Truelove and Witts Severity Index (MTLWSI), before and after the diet. RESULTS: Of the 40 patients with IBD, 13 patients chose not to attempt the diet (33%). Twenty-four patients had either a good or very good response after reaching compliance (60%), and 3 patients’ results were mixed (7%). Of those 11 adult patients who underwent further medical record review, 8 with CD, and 3 with UC, the age range was 19–70 years, and they followed the diet for 4 or more weeks. After following the IBD-AID, all (100%) patients were able to discontinue at least one of their prior IBD medications, and all patients had symptom reduction including bowel frequency. The mean baseline HBI was 11 (range 1–20), and the mean follow-up score was 1.5 (range 0–3). The mean baseline MTLWSI was 7 (range 6–8), and the mean follow-up score was 0. The average decrease in the HBI was 9.5 and the average decrease in the MTLWSI was 7. CONCLUSION: This case series indicates potential for the IBD-AID as an adjunct dietary therapy for the treatment of IBD. A randomized clinical trial is warranted.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
IMPORTANCE: Perimenopause is accompanied by an increased risk of new and recurrent depression. The coincidence of declining ovarian function with the onset of depression led to the inference that ...“withdrawal” from physiologic estradiol levels underpinned depression in perimenopause. To our knowledge, this is the first controlled systematic study to directly test the estrogen withdrawal theory of perimenopausal depression (PMD). OBJECTIVE: To examine the role of estradiol withdrawal in PMD. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Initial open-label treatment with estradiol followed by randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-design evaluation of continued estradiol treatment was evaluated at an outpatient research facility at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center. An intent-to-treat analysis was performed between October 2003 and July 2012. Participants included asymptomatic postmenopausal women with past PMD responsive to hormone therapy (n = 26) and asymptomatic postmenopausal women with no history of depression (n = 30) matched for age, body mass index, and reproductive status who served as controls. Data were analyzed between November 2012 and October 2013 by repeated-measures analysis of variance. INTERVENTIONS: After 3 weeks of open-label administration of transdermal estradiol (100 µg/d), participants were randomized to a parallel design to receive either estradiol (100 µg/d; 27 participants) or matched placebo skin patches (29 participants) for 3 additional weeks under double-blind conditions. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Center for Epidemiologic Studies–Depression Scale and 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (completed by raters blind to diagnosis and randomization status), self-administered visual analog symptom ratings, and blood hormone levels obtained at weekly clinic visits. RESULTS: None of the women reported depressive symptoms during open-label use of estradiol. Women with past PMD who were crossed over from estradiol to placebo experienced a significant increase in depression symptom severity demonstrated using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies–Depression Scale and 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, with mean (SD) scores increasing from estradiol (ie, 2.4 2.0 and 3.0 2.5) to placebo (8.8 4.9 and 6.6 4.5, respectively P = .0004 for both). Women with past PMD who continued estradiol therapy and all women in the control group remained asymptomatic. Women in both groups had similar hot-flush severity and plasma estradiol levels during use of placebo. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In women with past PMD that was previously responsive to hormone therapy, the recurrence of depressive symptoms during blinded hormone withdrawal suggests that normal changes in ovarian estradiol secretion can trigger an abnormal behavioral state in these susceptible women. Women with a history of PMD should be alert to the risk of recurrent depression when discontinuing hormone therapy. TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00060736
The aims of this study were to assess cognitive function in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients and to evaluate the effect of short- and long-term treatment with continuous positive airway ...pressure treatment (CPAP). A battery of neuropsychological tests, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and the Beck Inventory Scale were administered to 23 patients with severe OSA (age: 56.5±6.13; AHI: 54.9±13.37) and to 23 age- and education-matched controls. The OSA patients were evaluated in a baseline condition and in two follow-up treatment sessions (after 15 days and 4 months of CPAP, respectively). At baseline, OSA patients had a significant impairment, compared to controls, in tests of sustained attention, visuospatial learning, executive function, motor performance, and constructional abilities. The longitudinal evaluation showed that after a 15-days CPAP treatment attentive, visuospatial learning, and motor performances returned to normal levels. A 4-months CPAP treatment did not result in any further improvement in cognitive tests. Performance on tests evaluating executive functions and constructional abilities was not affected by short- and long-term treatment with CPAP. The findings of this study confirm the hypothesis of partial reversibility of cognitive dysfunction in OSA patients after CPAP.
To evaluate the cognitive performance of patients with idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD).
The authors studied 17 consecutive patients with idiopathic RBD vs 17 age- and education-matched ...control subjects. Tests given to each patient and control included Mini-Mental State Examination, verbal and spatial short-term memory, visual selective attention, verbal fluency, prose memory, visuoconstructional abilities, spatial learning, and executive function tests. A self-administered depression rating scale was also used.
RBD patients had significantly lower scores than control subjects in two tests: copy of Rey-Osterrieth Figure and Corsi Supraspan Learning. No correlation was found between the results of neuropsychological tests and RBD duration or with polysomnographic findings.
Visuospatial constructional dysfunction and altered visuospatial learning may be present in idiopathic RBD. A neuropsychological assessment may be indicated in RBD patients.
A reversed-phase ion pair liquid chromatographic method (RP-LC) for the determination of dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) and ascorbic acid (AA) and also acetaminophen, which is combined in ...pharmaceuticals, is proposed and validated. AA and acetaminophen were analyzed directly, while DHA was determined after pre-column derivatization with 4,5-dimethyl-1,2-phenylenediamine (DMPD). The derivatization reaction was carried out under mild conditions (10
min at ambient temperature) in the dark in sodium acetate buffer (80
mM; pH 3.7) solution containing EDTA as metal scavenger. The chromatographic separations were performed on a Phenomenex Synergi 4u hydro-RP (150
mm
×
4.6
mm) under isocratic elution conditions, using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as ion-pairing reagent in the mobile phase. Linear responses were observed for each compound. The intra-day precision (R.S.D.) was ≤1.40% and there was no significant difference between intra- and inter-day data. Recovery studies showed good results for all compounds (99.7–101.8%) with R.S.D. ranging from 0.56 to 1.82%. The limits of quantitation were about 40, 50 and 140
pmol for acetaminophen, AA and DHA, respectively. The DHA impurity values found in dosage forms were ≤0.2% of AA.
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are serious health challenges. Point prevalence surveys (PPSs) are valuable tools for monitoring HAIs and AMR.
To describe ...results of the ECDC PPS 2022 dealing with the prevalence of HAIs, antimicrobial consumption, and associated factors, in acute care hospitals.
The survey was performed in November 2022 in 14 hospitals according to the protocol proposed by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Multilevel logistic regression was performed using geographical area/hospital type as cluster variable to evaluate the factors independently associated with HAIs and antibiotics.
The point prevalence of HAIs was 7.43%. Patients hospitalized for longer periods were more likely to have an HAI as well as those aged 15–44 years, with a rapidly fatal disease, intubated, and with one or two devices. Antibiotics prevalence was 47.30%. Males, unknown McCabe scores, minimally invasive/non-National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) surgery, patients with HAIs, hospitals with a higher alcohol hand-rub consumption, hospitals with a greater number of IPC personnel, geriatric wards, and hospitals with 300–600 beds were more likely to be under antimicrobial therapy.
This PPS provided valuable information on the prevalence of HAIs and antimicrobial consumption and variables associated. The high prevalence of HAIs highlights the need for improved infection control measures.
Thioacetates as precursors of thiols are interesting starting points for synthesizing other organosulfur compounds. Herein, we propose a simple, efficient and fast method to obtain organic ...thioacetates using water as a solvent. Taking into account the great attention that has been paid toward environmentally friendly synthetic procedures in the past decades, we prove the role and the strength of the thioacetate anion as a nucleophile for nucleophilic displacement reactions in an aqueous medium. The reactions were carried out under pH control, to prevent the decomposition of the mesylate starting materials, using potassium carbonate as a safe and mild base. A simple work up allows products to be obtained with excellent yield and acceptable purity.
A mild method for an efficient removal of the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc) group in ionic liquid was developed. The combination of a weak base such as triethylamine and BmimBF 4 makes the entire ...system more efficient for the cleavage at room temperature of various amines and amino acid methyl esters in short reaction times. The procedure works well even in the case of N -Fmoc amino acids bearing acid-sensitive protecting groups and of N -alkylated amino acid methyl esters. The solvent-free condition provides a complementary method for Fmoc deprotection in solution phase peptide synthesis and modern organic synthesis.
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