This study aimed to comprehend the diversity of the fungal community on Chokanan mango, a premium mango variety from Thailand which is widely cultivated in Indonesia, associated with stem end rot and ...anthracnose disease using high-throughput amplicon targeted metagenomics analysis by next-generation sequencing (NGS). Samples used in this study were freshly harvested healthy fruits at the age of 15-weeks (H15.ITS), healthy fruits after 2 weeks incubation (H17.ITS), 17-week old fruits (S17.ITS) with stem end rot symptoms, and 17-week old fruits (A17.ITS) with anthracnose symptoms. Results showed that the Basidiomycota phylum was dominant in the healthy fruits, while the Ascomycota phylum was found dominantly in sick fruits. Based on OTUs alignment of sequenced data, some species found to be dominantly associated with stem end rot disease in this study were Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Neofusicoccum cordaticola and N. mangiferae. Dominant species which were associated with mango anthracnose disease were Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Botryosphaeria corticis, Volutella sp., and Pseudofusicoccum violacearum. These fungal genera were not found to be dominant in healthy fruits at the same age indicating that specific genera contributed to developing postharvest diseases on mango differently. The findings confirmed that the fungal community associated with stem end rot and anthracnose disease on mango was unique, and specific species contributed in particular disease development. Since mango is an important global commodity, these research findings will contribute significantly to global biosecurity.
Leatherleaf fern (Rumohra adiantiformis) is an important ornamental plant in Indonesia and global. Green fern leaves with bold dark green color with long shelf-life, attract florists as decoration. ...Indonesia is one important leatherleaf fern exporters, however currently an outbreak of leaf blight decreased production significantly. Initial symptom was reddish brown spots from edge of leaf, which was gradually followed by dark-brown necrotic lesions causing leaf blight and dried. This is a study to do Koch-Postulate approach and molecular identification, to identify the pathogen of the “new emerging disease” reported. Based on multigene analysis using primers from ITS, β-tub and tef1-α gene markers, the pathogen was identified as Neopestalotiopsis sp. All sequences have been deposited in GenBank with accession number of OR905551 (ITS), OR899817 (ß-tubulin) and OR899816 (TEF). This Neopestalotiopsis leaf blight causes an emerging concern in leatherleaf fern in Indonesia and global biosecurity because it infected an export commodity.
Begomovirus was reported as one of the most aggressive and destructive viruses on several commercial crops, including cucurbits in Indonesia. Plants that infected with Begomovirus show the mosaic ...symptom on the leaves, change in leaf shape, stunts, change in color and shape of fruit. It was recently observed in cultivated angled luffa Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb around Yogyakarta and Central Java. The aim of this research was to identify the virus by using Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The result of Begomovirus amplification from the total DNA samples amplification using primer Krusty-Homer showed that DNA of Begomovirus from angled luffa was amplified at ~580bp. The DNA sequencing of angled luffa’s leaf isolate GD1 had 97.8% homology with SCLV-China isolate MC1. However, amplification of DNA seed samples using the same primer showed negative result. It was concluded that Begomovirus was not a seed borne virus. This is the first molecular report on the occurence of Begomovirus in angled luffa in Yogyakarta.
Leatherleaf fern (Rumohra adiantiformis) is an important ornamental plant in Indonesia and global. Green fern leaves with bold dark green color with long shelf-life, attract florists as decoration. ...Indonesia is one important leatherleaf fern exporters, however currently an outbreak of leaf blight decreased production significantly. Initial symptom was reddish brown spots from edge of leaf, which was gradually followed by dark-brown necrotic lesions causing leaf blight and dried. This is a study to do Koch-Postulate approach and molecular identification, to identify the pathogen of the "new emerging disease" reported. Based on multigene analysis using primers from ITS, β-tub and tef1-α gene markers, the pathogen was identified as Neopestalotiopsis sp. All sequences have been deposited in GenBank with accession number of OR905551 (ITS), OR899817 (ßtubulin) and OR899816 (TEF). This Neopestalotiopsis leaf blight causes an emerging concern in leatherleaf fern in Indonesia and global biosecurity because it infected an export commodity.
Widiastuti A, Suryanti, Giovanni AC, Santika IA, Paramita NR. 2023. Fungal community associated with mixed infection of anthracnose and stem end rot diseases in Chokanan Mango. Biodiversitas 24: ...2163-2170. Anthracnose and stem end rot are the top two prevalent diseases causing losses in mango fruit worldwide. Both diseases often appear together in ripened fruits. The aim of this research was to evaluate the fungal community associated with mixed infection of anthracnose and stem end rot diseases in Chokanan mango based on metagenomics analysis through amplicon targeted next generation sequencing. The results showed that approximately 152,000 sequences were observed. The average total tags from the observed OTUs number were 146,485, of which 126,230 were taxon tags. The ten most common occurring fungal genera were Colletotrichum, Penicillium, Diaporhte, Purpureocillium, Aspergillus, Cunninghamella, Neofusicoccum, Mortierella, Rhizopus, and Kazachstania. Of these, genus Colletotrichum showed 77% dominance of based on Krona display value. Based on the number of OTUs, seven species, such as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc., Penicillium simplicissimum (Oudem.) Thom, Neofusicoccum cordaticola Pavlic, Slippers & M.J.Wingf., Diaporthe arengae R.R.Gomes, Glienke & Crous, Purpureocillium lilacinum (Thom) Luangsa-ard, Houbraken, Hywel-Jones & Samson, Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl., and Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl., showed dominance in mixed infection. These findings reveal the major status of post-harvest pathogens in mango fruits that should be controlled. This is the first report on N. cordaticola and D. arengae associated with mixed infection of anthracnose and stem and rot disease on post-harvest mango in Indonesia.
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