Focalizzandosi sull’opera dello scultore croato Dušan Džamonja, il saggio proposto indaga l’architettura dell’Ossario dei Caduti Slavi di Barletta (1968-70), inquadrandola nella tradizione degli ...spomenik jugoslavi. Strutturata secondo principi perentori e conformata in masse dinamiche e ritmicamente articolate, quest’architettura commemorativa è in grado di offrire la quiete necessaria alla contemplazione senza rinunciare al pathos che è proprio della commemorazione. Descrivendo, da un lato, il valore fondativo assunto dal rapporto con il paesaggio e, dall’altro, l’intenso dialogo tra architettura e scultura che anima la composizione plastica dell’opera, l’obiettivo è quello di avvicinarsi a comprendere il senso di un monumento pensato nelle forme di un enigma.
The proposed essay investigates the architecture of the Ossuary of the Slavs in Barletta (1968-70), focusing on the work of the Croatian sculptor Dušan Džamonja and setting it in the Yugoslavian spomenik tradition. Structured according to peremptory principles and shaped into dynamic and rhythmically articulated masses, this commemorative architecture is able to offer the necessary quiet for contemplation without renouncing the pathos that is typical of commemoration. The essay describes, on the one hand, the founding value assumed by the relationship with the landscape, and on the other, the intense dialogue between architecture and sculpture that animates the plastic composition of this work. The aim is to get closer to understanding the sense of a monument conceived in the form of an enigma.
The proposed essay investigates the architecture of the Ossuary of the Slavs in Barletta (1968-70), focusing on the work of the Croatian sculptor Dušan Džamonja and setting it in the Yugoslavian ...spomenik tradition. Structured according to peremptory principles and shaped into dynamic and rhythmically articulated masses, this commemorative architecture is able to offer the necessary quiet for contemplation without renouncing the pathos that is typical of commemoration. The essay describes, on the one hand, the founding value assumed by the relationship with the landscape, and on the other, the intense dialogue between architecture and sculpture that animates the plastic composition of this work. The aim is to get closer to understanding the sense of a monument conceived in the form of an enigma.
Recensione del testo Autore: Carlo Gandolfi Titolo: Matter of space. Sottotitolo: Città e architettura in Paulo Mendes da Rocha Collana: AAC - Architettura Arti Città Lingua del testo: ...italiano/inglese Editore: Accademia University Press Caratteristiche: formato 21 x 21cm, 408 pagine, brossura, a colori ISBN: 978-88-99982-27-0 Anno: prima edizione febbraio 2018, seconda edizione luglio 2018
Review of the text Author: Carlo Gandolfi Title: Matter of space. Città e architettura in Paulo Mendes da Rocha Subtitle: AAC – Arti | Architettura | Città – studi, temi, ricerche Language: italiano/inglese Publisher: Accademia University Press Features: format 21 x 21cm, 408 pages, paperback, color ISBN: 978-88-99982-27-0 Year: 2018
Review of the text Author: Carlo Gandolfi Title: Matter of space. Città e architettura in Paulo Mendes da Rocha Subtitle: AAC – Arti | Architettura | Città – studi, temi, ricerche Language: ...italiano/inglese Publisher: Accademia University Press Features: format 21 x 21cm, 408 pages, paperback, color ISBN: 978-88-99982-27-0 Year: 2018
The relationship between the forms of Earth and the forms of the cities has ancient origins. Over the centuries, many settlements were born following the recognition of spatial vocations based inside ...the geographical forms, thus exalting the natural features of a specific territory. During the last century in Italy the Urban Design Theory dealt with these themes by trying to define the syntax of urban construction in relation to the forms of physical geography. In this sense, the projects for the Magliana quarters in Rome, by Saverio Muratori, and the project for Monteruscello, by Agostino Renna, can be considered as paradigmatic examples, because they represent an attempt to define settlements principles that correspond to the geomorphologic characters of the territory. The proposed paper intends to analyse these projects, in particular through the method of the critical drawing, identifying different scales of representation, each of which offers the possibility of investigating some specific structuring processes of urban form.
The Lower Valley of Ofanto River Tupputi, Giuseppe; La Notte, Alberto; Paparusso, Olga Giovanna ...
Joelho Revista de Cultura Arquitectonica,
09/2021
11-12
Journal Article
The Ofanto river is the most important waterway in the karstic Apulia region and both nature and man have constantly written on its landscape palimpsest over centuries. The lower valley and the mouth ...are highly representative of the river landscape, currently threatened by abandonment and degradation. It could be considered an interesting case study of an area outside the major touristic flows but with great potential in terms of cultural values and local development. Following the approach of the landscape archaeology and crossing multi‑disciplinary analyses, the area is interpreted as a complex palimpsest. The paper points out a strategy of valorization of the river valley within the frame of the wider regional programmes by proposing an ecomuseum of the territory. The insights and the suggested guidelines allow the area to be “re‑signified,” to preserve the heritage and highlight the variety of features that make it unique in the local context.
Objective To analyze the risk reduction of cardiopulmonary bypass complications between on-pump and off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting in high-risk patients. Methods This multicenter, ...prospective, randomized, parallel trial enrolled patients for elective or urgent isolated coronary artery bypass grafting with an additive European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation of 6 or more. The patients in cardiogenic shock were excluded. The composite primary end point included operative mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, renal failure, reoperation for bleeding and adult respiratory distress syndrome within 30 days after surgery. The total sample size was 693 patients, according to a scheduled interim analysis at 400 patients enrolled (α-spending = 0.029, Pocock method). Results A total of 411 patients were included in the interim analysis. Randomization assigned 203 patients to on-pump and 208 patients to off-pump treatment. Of the 411 patients, 24 crossed over; thus, 195 patients were actually treated on-pump and 216 off-pump. According to the intention to treat analysis, the rate of the composite primary end point was significantly lower (unadjusted P = .009, adjusted P = .010) in the off-pump group (5.8% vs 13.3%). The risk of experiencing the primary end point was significantly greater for the on-pump group (unadjusted odds ratio, 2.51; 95% confidence interval, 1.23–5.10; P = .011; adjusted odds ratio, 3.07; 95% confidence interval, 1.32–7.14; P = .009). Conclusions Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting reduces early mortality and morbidity in high-risk patients.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiac operations is a serious complication associated with postoperative mortality. Multiple factors contribute to AKI development, principally ischemia‐reperfusion ...injury and inflammatory response. It is well proven that glucocorticoid administration, leukocyte filter application, and miniaturized extracorporeal circuits (MECC) modulate inflammatory response. We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in which one of these inflammatory system modulation strategies was used, with the aim to evaluate the effects on postoperative AKI. MEDLINE and Cochrane Library were screened through November 2011 for RCTs in which an inflammatory system modulation strategy was adopted. Included were trials that reported data about postoperative renal outcomes. Because AKI was defined by different criteria, including biochemical determinations, urine output, or dialysis requirement, we unified renal outcome as worsening renal function (WRF). We identified 14 trials for steroids administration (931 patients, WRF incidence treatment vs. placebo: 2.7% vs. 2.4%; OR: 1.13; 95% CI: 0.53–2.43; P = 0.79), 9 trials for MECC (947 patients, WRF incidence: 2.4% vs. 0.9%; OR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.18–1.25; P = 0.13), 6 trials for leukocyte filters (374 patients, WRF incidence: 1.1% vs. 7.5%; OR: 0.18; 95% CI: 0.05–0.64; P = 0.008). Only leukocyte filters effectively reduced WRF incidence. Not all cardiopulmonary bypass‐related anti‐inflammatory strategies analyzed reduced renal damage after cardiac operations. In adult patients, probably other factors are predominant on inflammation in determining AKI, and only leukocyte filters were effective. Large multicenter RCTs are needed in order to better evaluate the role of inflammation in AKI development after cardiac operations.
Background Surgery for acute aortic dissection (AAD) is frequently complicated by excessive postoperative bleeding and blood product transfusion. Blood flow through the nonendothelialized false lumen ...is a potential trigger for the activation of the hemostatic system; however, the physiopathology of the aortic dissection induced coagulopathy has never been precisely studied. The aim of the present study is the evaluation of the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems and platelet activation in patients undergoing surgery for AAD. Methods Eighteen patients undergoing emergent surgery for Stanford type A AAD were enrolled in the study. The activation of the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems and platelet activation were evaluated at 6 different time points before, during, and after the operation, measuring prothrombin fragment 1.2 (F1.2), plasmin-antiplasmin complex, and platelet factor 4, respectively. Results All measured biomarkers were increased before, during, and after the operations indicating a systemic activation of coagulation, fibrinolysis, and platelets. These changes were pronounced even preoperatively (T0), and soon after the beginning of cardiopulmonary bypass (T1) when the influence of hypothermia and prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass time were not yet involved. Time from symptom onset to intervention inversely correlated with preoperative F1.2 (r = −0.75; p = 0.002) and plasmin-antiplasmin levels (r = −0.57; p = 0.034). Conclusions Blood flow through the false lumen is a powerful activator of the hemostatic system even before the operation. This remarkable activation may influence postoperative outcome of AAD patients.
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate performance of the European System for Cardiac Operation Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE II), to assess the influence of model updating and to derive a hierarchical tree for ...modelling the relationship between EuroSCORE II risk factors and hospital mortality after cardiac surgery in a large prospective contemporary cohort of consecutive adult patients.
METHODS
Data on consecutive patients, who underwent on-pump cardiac surgery or off-pump coronary artery bypass graft intervention, were retrieved from Puglia Adult Cardiac Surgery Registry. Discrimination, calibration, re-estimation of EuroSCORE II coefficients and hierarchical tree analysis of risk factors were assessed.
RESULTS
Out 6293 procedures, 6191 (98.4%) had complete data for EuroSCORE II assessment with a hospital mortality rate of 4.85% and EuroSCORE II of 4.40 ± 7.04%. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (0.830) showed good discriminative ability of EuroSCORE II in distinguishing patients who died and those who survived. Calibration of EuroSCORE II was preserved with lower predicted than observed risk in the highest EuroSCORE II deciles. At logistic regression analysis, the complete revision of the model had most of re-estimated regression coefficients not statistically different from those in the original EuroSCORE II model. When missing values were replaced with the mean EuroSCORE II value according to urgency and weight of intervention, the risk score confirmed discrimination and calibration obtained over the entire sample. A recursive tree-building algorithm of EuroSCORE II variables identified three large groups (55.1, 17.1 and 18.1% of procedures) with low-to-moderate risk (observed mortality of 1.5, 3.2 and 6.4%) and two groups (3.8 and 5.9% of procedures) at high risk (mortality of 14.6 and 32.2%). Patients with low-to-moderate risk had good agreement between observed events and predicted frequencies by EuroSCORE II, whereas those at greater risk showed an underestimation of expected mortality.
CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrates that EuroSCORE II is a good predictor of hospital mortality after cardiac surgery in an external validation cohort of contemporary patients from a multicentre prospective regional registry. The EuroSCORE II predicts hospital mortality with a slight underestimation in high-risk patients that should be further and better evaluated. The EuroSCORE II variables as a risk tree provides clinicians and surgeons a practical bedside tool for mortality risk stratification of patients at low, intermediate and high risk for hospital mortality after cardiac surgery.
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