Examination of central hemodynamics in patients in the preperfusion period of radical correction of Fallot's tetrad has demonstrated that after pericardiotomy and the onset of surgical manipulation ...on the heart there was a depression of circulation both during the use of intravenous total anesthesia on the basis of ketamine and ataralgesia. The depression was more manifest under ataralgesia. The depression of circulation was paralleled by the deepening of initial hypoxemia. Analysis of the efficacy of medicamentous agents with regard to the specific features of intracardiac anatomy of the outlet of the right ventricle, estimated intraoperatively, has established that administration of phenylephrine at a rate of 3 micrograms/kg favoured an increase of partial oxygen pressure and arterial blood saturation with hemoglobin whatever the anatomo-morphological type of stenosis of the outlet of the right ventricle. Propranolol promoted the improvement of arterial blood oxygenation but in the muscular type stenosis of the outlet of the right ventricle. Meanwhile the use of the drugs possessing a beta-adreno-stimulating effect brought about the deepening of hypoxemia.
Purpose
Dietary behaviours may be influenced by perceptions of barriers to healthy eating. Using data from a large cross-European study (
N
= 5900), we explored associations between various ...perceived barriers to healthy eating and dietary behaviours among adults from urban regions in five European countries and examined whether associations differed across regions and socio-demographic backgrounds.
Methods
Frequency of consumption of fruit, vegetables, fish, fast food, sugar-sweetened beverages, sweets, breakfast and home-cooked meals were split by the median into higher and lower consumption. We tested associations between barriers (irregular working hours; giving up preferred foods; busy lifestyle; lack of willpower; price of healthy food; taste preferences of family and friends; lack of healthy options and unappealing foods) and dietary variables using multilevel logistic regression models. We explored whether associations differed by age, sex, education, urban region, weight status, household composition or employment.
Results
Respondents who perceived any barrier were less likely to report higher consumption of healthier foods and more likely to report higher consumption of fast food. ‘Lack of willpower’, ‘time constraints’ and ‘taste preferences’ were most consistently associated with consumption. For example, those perceiving lack of willpower ate less fruit odds ratio (OR) 0.57; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.50–0.64, and those with a busy lifestyle ate less vegetables (OR 0.54; 95% CI 0.47–0.62). Many associations differed in size, but not in direction, by region, sex, age and household composition.
Conclusion
Perceived ‘lack of willpower’, ‘time constraints’ and ‘taste preferences’ were barriers most strongly related to dietary behaviours, but the association between various barriers and lower intake of fruit and vegetables was somewhat more pronounced among younger participants and women.
NA62 is a fixed-target experiment at the CERN SPS dedicated to measurements of rare kaon decays. Such measurements, like the branching fraction of the K+→π+ν decay, have the potential to bring ...significant insights into new physics processes when comparison is made with precise theoretical predictions. For this purpose, innovative techniques have been developed, in particular, in the domain of low-mass tracking devices. Detector construction spanned several years from 2009 to 2014. The collaboration started detector commissioning in 2014 and will collect data until the end of 2018. The beam line and detector components are described together with their early performance obtained from 2014 and 2015 data.
Summary
We compared ecometric neighbourhood scores of social capital (contextual variation) to mean neighbourhood scores (individual and contextual variation), using several health‐related outcomes ...(i.e. self‐rated health, weight status and obesity‐related behaviours).
Data were analysed from 5,900 participants in the European SPOTLIGHT survey. Factor analysis of the 13‐item social capital scale revealed two social capital constructs: social networks and social cohesion. The associations of ecometric and mean neighbourhood‐level scores of these constructs with self‐rated health, weight status and obesity‐related behaviours were analysed using multilevel regression analyses, adjusted for key covariates.
Analyses using ecometric and mean neighbourhood scores, but not mean neighbourhood scores adjusted for individual scores, yielded similar regression coefficients. Higher levels of social network and social cohesion were not only associated with better self‐rated health, lower odds of obesity and higher fruit consumption, but also with prolonged sitting and less transport‐related physical activity. Only associations with transport‐related physical activity and sedentary behaviours were associated with mean neighbourhood scores adjusted for individual scores.
As analyses using ecometric scores generated the same results as using mean neighbourhood scores, but different results when using mean neighbourhood scores adjusted for individual scores, this suggests that the theoretical advantage of the ecometric approach (i.e. teasing out individual and contextual variation) may not be achieved in practice. The different operationalisations of social network and social cohesion were associated with several health outcomes, but the constructs that appeared to represent the contextual variation best were only associated with two of the outcomes.
We consider one kind of European option for the Black–Scholes model of financial market whose payment function is a certain combination of binary and Asian options. The corresponding hedging scheme ...is analyzed. We deduce a formula for the Clark stochastic integral representation of the corresponding Wiener functional whose integrand is presented in the explicit form.
Summary
Residents of socioeconomically deprived areas perceive their neighbourhood as less conducive to healthy behaviours than residents of more affluent areas. Whether these unfavourable ...perceptions are based on objective neighbourhood features or other factors is poorly understood. We examined individual and contextual correlates of socioeconomic inequalities in neighbourhood perceptions across five urban regions in Europe.
Data were analysed from 5205 participants of the SPOTLIGHT survey. Participants reported perceptions of their neighbourhood environment with regard to aesthetics, safety, the presence of destinations and functionality of the neighbourhood, which were summed into an overall neighbourhood perceptions score. Multivariable multilevel regression analyses were conducted to investigate whether the following factors were associated with socioeconomic inequalities in neighbourhood perceptions: objectively observed neighbourhood features, neighbourhood social capital, exposure to the neighbourhood, self‐rated health and lifestyle behaviours.
Objectively observed traffic safety, aesthetics and the presence of destinations in the neighbourhood explained around 15% of differences in neighbourhood perceptions between residents of high and low neighbourhoods; levels of neighbourhood social cohesion explained around 52%. Exposure to the neighbourhood, self‐rated health and lifestyle behaviours were significant correlates of neighbourhood perceptions but did not contribute to socioeconomic differences.
This cross‐European study provided evidence that socioeconomic differences in neighbourhood perceptions are not only associated with objective neighbourhood features but also with social cohesion. Levels of physical activity, sleep duration, self‐rated health, happiness and neighbourhood preference were also associated with neighbourhood perceptions.
Introduction
. Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) is the most prevalent among the autoimmune pathologies and multifactorial thyroid diseases; accordingly, remaining a pressing issue for investigation.
Aim
...: to study AIT profile in different age groups of the female population in the western region of Georgia – Adzhariya.
Materials and Methods
. A prospective comparative study in parallel groups was carried out. There were examined 405 samples of venous blood obtained at «Health» Clinic from women of two groups: group 1 – 159 patients with AIT, group 2 (control) – 246 women without AIT. Blood samples were collected between the years 2017 and 2020. There were analyzed serum antibodies against thyroperoxidase (TPOAb), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) as well as level of free thyroxine (FT4) by using enzyme immunoassay.
Results
. Patients with AIT from different age groups vs. control group were found to have decreased level of FT4, but increased amount of TSH and TPOAb. At the reproductive age (18–45 years), a significant increase in the level of TSH was found (6.12 times) compared with the control group (p < 0.0001). The level of FT4 and TSH in AIT women aged 51 to 60 years was 0.7880 ± 0.3584 ng/ml and 4.754 ± 2.433 U/ml that significantly differed from those in the control group – 1.314 ± 0.4044 ng/ml (p < 0.0001) and 2.276 ± 1.409 U/ml (p < 0.0001), respectively.
Conclusion
. AIT occurs in women of all age groups, but is more common in women aged 51 to 60 years. In a number of cases, TPOAb was detected in the control group, which, apparently, is associated with increased intake of dietary iodized salt since 2005 in Georgia (the adoption of the law on universal salt iodization). A significant increase in the level of TSH, in AIT women aged 18–45 years, strongly suggests to perform diagnostics of and screening for AIT not only in females of menopausal period, but also in reproductive age.
PDF
