Oral outpatient treatment for Covid-19 is needed. In this phase 3, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial, molnupiravir, a small-molecule antiviral, was studied in unvaccinated patients with less ...than 5 days of Covid-19 illness. By day 29, hospitalization for progression of Covid-19 was lower with molnupiravir (6.8%) than with placebo (9.7%).
► Results for wave propagation in lightweight concrete (LWC) are presented. ► The compressive strength of LWC is assessed by the ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV). ► The influence of different mix ...design parameters is analyzed. ► A simplified expression to estimate the compressive strength from UPV is suggested. ► High correlation coefficients are obtained, regardless the concrete composition.
In this paper the compressive strength of a wide range of structural lightweight aggregate concrete mixes is evaluated by the non-destructive ultrasonic pulse velocity method. This study involves about 84 different compositions tested between 3 and 180days for compressive strengths ranging from about 30 to 80MPa. The influence of several factors on the relation between the ultrasonic pulse velocity and compressive strength is examined. These factors include the cement type and content, amount of water, type of admixture, initial wetting conditions, type and volume of aggregate and the partial replacement of normal weight coarse and fine aggregates by lightweight aggregates. It is found that lightweight and normal weight concretes are affected differently by mix design parameters. In addition, the prediction of the concrete’s compressive strength by means of the non-destructive ultrasonic pulse velocity test is studied. Based on the dependence of the ultrasonic pulse velocity on the density and elasticity of concrete, a simplified expression is proposed to estimate the compressive strength, regardless the type of concrete and its composition. More than 200 results for different types of aggregates and concrete compositions were analyzed and high correlation coefficients were obtained.
Background
Apical periodontitis (AP) frequently presents as a chronic asymptomatic disease. To arrive at a true diagnosis, in addition to the clinical examination, it is mandatory to undertake ...radiographic examinations such as periapical or panoramic radiographs, or cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT). Thus, the worldwide burden of AP is probably underestimated or unknown. Previous systematic reviews attempted to estimate the prevalence of AP, but none have investigated which factors may influence its prevalence worldwide.
Objectives
To assess: (i) the prevalence of AP in the population worldwide, as well as the frequency of AP in all teeth, nontreated teeth and root filled teeth; (ii) which factors can modify the prevalence of AP.
Methods
A search was conducted in the PubMed‐MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane‐CENTRAL, LILACS, Google scholar and OpenGrey databases, followed by hand searches, until September 2019. Cross‐sectional, case–control and cohort studies reporting the prevalence of AP in humans, using panoramic or periapical radiograph or CBCT as image methods were included. No language restriction was applied. An adaptation of the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the quality of the studies. A meta‐analysis was performed to determine the pooled prevalence of AP at the individual level. Secondary outcomes were the frequency of AP in all teeth, nontreated teeth and rootfilled teeth. Subgroup analyses using random‐effect models were carried out to analyse the influence of explanatory covariables on the outcome.
Results
The search strategy identified 6670 articles, and 114 studies were included in the meta‐analysis, providing data from 34 668 individuals and 639 357 teeth. The prevalence of AP was 52% at the individual level (95% CI 42%–56%, I2 = 97.8%) and 5% at the tooth level (95% CI 4%–6%; I2 = 99.5%). The frequency of AP in root‐filled teeth and nontreated teeth was 39% (95% CI 36%–43%; I2 = 98.5%) and 3% (95% CI 2%–3%; I2 = 99.3%), respectively. The prevalence of AP was greater in samples from dental care services (DCS; 57%; 95% CI 52%–62%; I2 = 97.8%) and hospitals (51%; 95% CI 40%–63%; I2 = 95.9%) than in those from the general population (GP; 40%; 95% CI 33%–46%; I2 = 96.5%); it was also greater in people with a systemic condition (63%; 95% CI 56%–69%, I2 = 89.7%) compared to healthy individuals (48%; 95% CI 43%–53%; I2 = 98.3%).
Discussion
The subgroup analyses identified explanatory factors related to the variability in the prevalence of AP. However, the high clinical heterogeneity and high risk of bias across the primary studies indicate that the findings must be interpreted with caution.
Conclusions
Half of the adult population worldwide have at least one tooth with apical periodontitis. The prevalence of AP is greater in samples from the dental care services, but it is also high amongst community representative samples from the general population. The present findings should bring the attention of health policymakers, medical and dental communities to the hidden burden of endodontic disease in the population worldwide.
Additive manufacturing (AM) is a technology which has the potential not only to change the way of conventional industrial manufacturing processes, adding material instead of subtracting, but also to ...create entirely new production and business strategies. Since about three decades, AM technologies have been used to fabricate prototypes or models mostly from polymeric or metallic materials. Recently, products have been introduced into the market that cannot be produced in another way than additively. Ceramic materials are, however, not easy to process by AM technologies, as their processing requirements (in terms of feedstock and/or sintering) are very challenging. On the other hand, it can be expected that AM technologies, once successful, will have an extraordinary impact on the industrial production of ceramic components and, moreover, will open for ceramics new uses and new markets.
S100 proteins are calcium-binding proteins that regulate several processes associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) but whose contribution and direct involvement in disease pathophysiology remains to ...be fully established. Due to neuroinflammation in AD patients, the levels of several S100 proteins are increased in the brain and some S100s play roles related to the processing of the amyloid precursor protein, regulation of amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) levels and Tau phosphorylation. S100 proteins are found associated with protein inclusions, either within plaques or as isolated S100-positive puncta, which suggests an active role in the formation of amyloid aggregates. Indeed, interactions between S100 proteins and aggregating Aβ indicate regulatory roles over the aggregation process, which may either delay or aggravate aggregation, depending on disease stage and relative S100 and Aβ levels. Additionally, S100s are also known to influence AD-related signaling pathways and levels of other cytokines. Recent evidence also suggests that metal-ligation by S100 proteins influences trace metal homeostasis in the brain, particularly of zinc, which is also a major deregulated process in AD. Altogether, this evidence strongly suggests a role of S100 proteins as key players in several AD-linked physiopathological processes, which we discuss in this review.
Wave Equation With Cone-Bounded Control Laws Prieur, Christophe; Tarbouriech, Sophie; Gomes da Silva, João M.
IEEE transactions on automatic control,
11/2016, Letnik:
61, Številka:
11
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
This paper deals with a wave equation with a one-dimensional space variable, which describes the dynamics of string deflection. Two kinds of control are considered: a distributed action and a ...boundary control. It is supposed that the control signal is subject to a cone-bounded nonlinearity. This kind of feedback laws includes (but is not restricted to) saturating inputs. By closing the loop with such a nonlinear control, it is thus obtained a nonlinear partial differential equation, which is the generalization of the classical 1D wave equation. The well-posedness is proven by using nonlinear semigroups techniques. Considering a sector condition to tackle the control nonlinearity and assuming that a tuning parameter has a suitable sign, the asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system is proven by Lyapunov techniques. Some numerical simulations illustrate the asymptotic stability of the closed-loop nonlinear partial differential equations.
Objectif
: Décrire l’expérience des soins socioesthétiques (SE) des patients hospitalisés à domicile dans le cadre d’une pathologie cancéreuse.
Matériel et méthodes
: Sept participantes décrivent ...leurs expériences grâce à un entretien semi-directif, enregistré par un dictaphone.
Résultats
: Les participantes expriment que les soins SE ont un effet sur « la dimension sociale et relationnelle », « la restauration de l’image de soi », « le remaniement du mode de vie » et « la transformation du vécu de la maladie ».
Conclusion
: Ce soin de support est perçu par les participantes comme un privilège utile et bénéfique pour elles.
Aim
: To describe the experience of patients about socio-aesthetic care at home in oncology.
Material and methods
: Seven patients were asked to describe their experience, thanks to semi-structured consultation recorded with a dictaphone.
Results
: Results show that socio-aesthetic cares may have an impact on “Social and relational dimension”, “The restoration of self-image”, “The way of life changing”, and “The transformation perceived experience of illness”.
Conclusion
: This supportive care is perceived by patients as privilege, useful and beneficial for them.
•The energy performance of SLWAC in residential buildings was studied.•SLWAC proved to be able to significantly improve the thermal bridging effect.•SLWAC can contribute to the reduction of heating ...energy needs anywhere in Europe.•In the summer season, SLWAC and NWC presented similar cooling energy needs.
In recent years, Energy Performance Building Directives have been published and adopted by all EU member states in order to promote the improvement of the energy performance of buildings within the EU, and thus coping with the growing comfort needs and consequent increase in energy consumption for space heating and cooling.
Structural lightweight aggregate concrete (SLWAC), due to its thermal properties, presents itself as an alternative to normal weight concrete (NWC) to reduce the thermal bridging effects as well as the building energy needs to maintain thermal comfort levels in buildings.
In this paper, the potential of SLWAC to improve the energy performance of buildings was assessed. An experimental study was carried out in order to determine the thermal properties of five different concrete mixtures, four SLWAC and a reference NWC for comparison purposes.
These thermal properties were then used in the two-dimensional heat transfer program Therm and in the whole-building energy simulation program EnergyPlus to assess the impact of SLWAC on the thermal bridge heat losses and building energy needs of a case study. Results showed that SLWAC can improve the energy efficiency of buildings and thus be an attractive alternative to the use of the traditional NWC.
While the deployment of insecticide-based strategies dramatically reduced the toll of insect-borne diseases in several regions, it resulted in widespread insecticide resistance in natural populations ...4. ...the development of new strategies to reduce disease transmission is greatly needed. Insect immunity is regulated by several different signaling pathways such as the JNK, JAK-STAT, Toll, IMD, and RNAi, which activate final effectors that limit pathogen development and replication 5,6. ...immune priming and other mechanisms of immune memory that result in long-term enhancement of mosquito immunity have gained attention as important mechanisms to reduce disease transmission 7. Oral infection of fly larvae with Drosophila C virus (DCV) enhanced survival to a lethal challenge with the same virus as adults, although there was no difference in viral load, suggesting that previous exposure to the virus enhanced tolerance to infection in adult flies 35. Granulocyte release microvesicles (HdMv) at the site of recruitment, which mediates complement-like activation and Plasmodium elimination. ...the intensity of the mosquito immune response to Plasmodium can be enhanced by a previous infection.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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