Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of the most common opportunistic infections in AIDS patients. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of CMV infection in the first year of life and its the ...impact on survival and progression of the disease.
This prospective cohort study included all children with a diagnosis of HIV infection in the first year of life followed at the University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid. Urine culture was performed at birth or as soon as the diagnosis of HIV was given.
Among the 81 patients studied, 16 presented a positive culture for CMV in urine during the first year of life. At 2 and 5 years of age, 23.6% and 39.6% of the children, respectively, died among those children without CMV infection, whereas 20% and 40% of children with acquired CMV died at this time point. Neither a greater progression of the disease nor any differences in the degree of immunosupression were observed among the children infected with CMV compared with those not infected.
In this study no relationships between CMV infection during the first year of life and faster progression of HIV infection or lower survival or a greater degree of immunosuppression in HIV-infected children was observed.
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are one of the most common and universal problems of public health. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and STD infections are clearly interrelated, and share ...risks, incidence and transmission mechanisms.
The aim of this document is to inform health professionals about the current situation and management of STDs, which, because of their relevance, need greater care, both in the general population and in the population with HIV.
These guidelines for STD treatment, although clinically oriented and focused especially on treatment, contain other aspects related to assessing and evaluating patients, as well as recommendations for diagnosis.
Las infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) son uno de los problemas más frecuentes y universales de Salud Pública. La infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana y las ITS están claramente interrelacionadas, compartiendo riesgos, incidencia y mecanismos de transmisión.
El objetivo de este documento es dar a conocer a los profesionales sanitarios la situación actual y el manejo de aquellas ITS, que por su relevancia necesitan una mayor atención, tanto en población general como en población infectada por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana.
Estas directrices para el tratamiento de las ITS, aunque orientadas desde el punto de vista clínico y centrado especialmente en el tratamiento, también recogen otros aspectos relacionados con la evaluación y valoración del paciente así como recomendaciones de diagnóstico.
Despite considerable progress in paediatric HIV treatment and timely revision of global policies recommending the use of more effective and tolerable antiretroviral regimens, optimal antiretroviral ...formulations for infants, children, and adolescents remain limited. The Paediatric Antiretroviral Drug Optimization group reviews medium-term and long-term priorities for antiretroviral drug development to guide industry and other stakeholders on formulations most needed for low-income and middle-income countries. The group convened in December, 2018, to assess progress since the previous meeting and update the list of priority formulations. Issues relating to drug optimisation for neonatal prophylaxis and paediatric treatment, and those relating to the investigation of novel antiretrovirals in adolescents and pregnant and lactating women were also discussed. Continued focus on identifying, prioritising, and providing access to optimal antiretroviral formulations suitable for infants, children, and adolescents is key to ensuring that global HIV treatment targets can be met.
Abstract HIV Patient care should include psychological and psychiatric care, which is necessary for early detection thereof. Should suicidal ideation occur, refer the patient to a psychiatric unit. ...Pharmacological treatment is recommended when there is comorbidity with moderate or severe depression. You should look for the aetiology of neuropsychiatric disorder before using psychoactive drugs in HIV patients. The overall management of the health of HIV adolescents should include an assessment of mental health, environmental stressors and support systems. Training in the management of the patient both own emotions is critical to getting to provide optimal care. These new guidelines updated previous recommendations regarding psychiatric and psychological disorders, including the most common pathologies in adults and children.
New diagnosis of HIV infection in children Guillén, Sara; Prieto, Luis; Jiménez de Ory, Santiago ...
Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica
30, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The number of children of immigrant origin in the last few years has increased the cohort of HIV-infected children in the Community of Madrid. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the ...epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the new diagnosed children and describe the different subtypes of HIV-1.
The new diagnosed children were analysed from the year 1997, divided into 3 periods: P1 (1997-2000), P2 (2001-2004), P3 (2005-2009). The regions and countries of origin, the clinical, immune and viral characteristics, as well as the response to treatment were analysed. The subtypes of HIV-1 were evaluated by phylogenetic analysis of protease genes and reverse transcriptase.
We identified 141 new diagnoses of HIV infection, the percentage of immigrant origin in P1 was (22.5%), P2 (50%) and P3 (68%). The origin had changed from Latin America in P1 to sub-Saharan Africa in P3. There were no differences between Spanish and immigrant children in the age at diagnosis, the CDC clinical stage A/B/C, viral load, percentage of CD4 at diagnosis and actual. Better viral response was more likely in immigrants after the first regimen of HAART (Highly active antiretroviral treatment) independently of the treatment received. A total of 66 subtypes were obtained, 24% were subtypes non-B (56% recombinants forms). All subtypes of Spanish children (43) and Latin American (5) were subtypes B, and all the children from sub-Saharan Africa (14) were subtypes non-B.
There were no differences between immigrants and Spanish children infected by HIV, except the different subtypes of HIV-1.
Nuevos diagnósticos de infección VIH en niños Guillén, Sara; Prieto, Luis; Jiménez de Ory, Santiago ...
Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiología clínica,
March 2012, Letnik:
30, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Resumen Introducción En la cohorte de niños infectados de la Comunidad de Madrid ha aumentado el número de niños de procedencia extranjera en los últimos años. Los objetivos fueron evaluar las ...características epidemiológicas y clínicas en los nuevos diagnósticos y describir los diferentes subtipos del VIH-1. Pacientes y métodos Se analizaron los nuevos diagnósticos desde el año 1997, dividiéndolos en 3 periodos: P1 (1997-2000), P2 (2001-2004), P3 (2005-2009). Se analizó la procedencia según regiones geográficas y país de procedencia, las diferencias clínicas e inmunovirológicas así como respuesta al tratamiento. Se evaluó el subtipo genético del VIH-1 mediante análisis filogenético de los genes de proteasa y de la retrotranscriptasa. Resultados Se identificaron 141 nuevos diagnósticos de infección VIH, siendo el porcentaje de procedencia extranjera en P1 (22,5 %), P2 (50 %) y P3 (68 %). La procedencia ha cambiado de Latinoamérica en P1 a África subsahariana en P3. No hubo diferencias de la media de edad al diagnóstico entre autóctonos y extranjeros, el estadio clínico CDC A/B/C, carga viral, porcentaje de CD4 al diagnóstico y actuales. Había una tendencia de mejor respuesta virológica en extranjeros tras el primer ciclo de TARGA (terapia antirretroviral de gran actividad) independiente del tratamiento recibido. Se obtuvieron 66 subtipos, el 24 % eran subtipos no-B (56 % formas recombinantes). Todos los subtipos de los autóctonos (43) y latinoamericanos (5) eran subtipos B, sin embargo, todos los niños procedentes de África Subsahariana (14) eran subtipos no-B. Conclusión No se encontraron diferencias entre niños infectados por VIH extranjeros o autóctonos, salvo los diferentes subtipos de VIH-1.
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