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•Calculi from population in downtown Madrid (Spain) were characterised by spectral techniques.•Raman and CL techniques provide precise information about chemical and structural ...composition of the bladder or kidney stones.•An attempt was made to establish a correlation between the calculi type of surgically obtained samples and dietary habits.
This paper reports on a comprehensive approach to characterize a set of kidney stones through various analytical techniques including ESEM-EDS, XRD, Raman, and CL spectroscopy, linked to an assessment of the patient's lifestyle and dietary habits. The use of these techniques can provide valuable insights into the underlying causes of stone formation and guide strategies for prevention and treatment. ESEM-EDS and XRD are commonly used techniques for kidney stone characterization due to their complementary nature, enabling the identification of a wide range of renal calculi. However, these techniques may not be sensitive enough to determine the detailed composition of the samples. In such cases, Raman and CL techniques can be used to provide more precise information about the chemical and structural composition of the stones. Raman spectroscopy, for example, can identify molecular phases observed under an optical microscope characterizing chemical compositions through vibrational modes associated with specific bonds. The CL spectral emission within the 250–850 nm range can also yield valuable information about the mineral phases, including the identification of structural crystallinity, hydrated molecules, Ca-OH bonds, and oxygen defects. By correlating spectral analyses with patient habits, this study identifies potential exogenous factors contributing to stone formation, including excess protein consumption, urinary bacterial infections, and oxalate-rich diets. This comprehensive approach provides a more complete understanding of the composition of kidney stones helping to personalized prevention and treatment strategies.
Fifty ways to improve presentations in urology Monzó Gardiner, J I; Secin, F P; González Enguita, C
Actas urológicas españolas (English ed.),
01/2020, Letnik:
44, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
BACKGROUNDOur profession permanently demands intercommunication of medical knowledge among colleagues; either in small environments such as hospitals or at larger ones such as congresses or academic ...courses. New technologies such as PowerPoint® are not developed enough to provide good presentations, and its employment does not always grant effective results. OBJECTIVEIn order to improve our academic presentations, we present several tools that may help us avoid the most common mistakes. EVIDENCE ACQUISITIONLiterature search in PubMed and Google Scholar. We have divided the analysis into 3 sections: structure of the presentation, slide design, presentation to the audience. Each section includes a list of 50 short tips. RESULTSFifty tips following the study objectives. CONCLUSIONSThe scientific evidence that supports the information on how to improve presentations is mostly based on expert opinions. However, almost every work agrees that presentations must use simple structures which does not make them less scientific; their content must be developed for a specific audience, and it must be the speaker, not the slides, who captures the audience attention. Making a simple and didactic presentation of complex content supported by multimedia tools is one of the speaker's highest intellectual challenges of these days.
OBJECTIVETo recall the history of the discovery of non-nephron cystic disease, detected simultaneously in 2 hospitals in Madrid, and the vicissitudes that the authors endured during the process of ...recognising this disease, while being ignored by the international scientific literature. MATERIAL AND METHODWe analysed the authors' first publications and presentations, their correspondence relaying the difficulties in reporting the confusion with adult polycystic kidney disease (APKD) and the subsequent nosological identification of the process. We consulted with individuals who worked with the 2 authors to increase the accuracy and objectivity of the history report. RESULTSWe confirmed the authors' remarkable efforts in getting the process definitively recognised despite the notable difficulties. CONCLUSIONSRigorous clinical observation recognises processes ignored by the medical literature, and the correct application of the scientific method helps identify and reveal new nosological entities, confirming with this story's example that, in medicine, there are no exhausted issues.
Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) includes a large number of pathologies subjected to a significantly varied management, depending on the hospitals’ resources and educational levels of their ...professionals. The aim of this study is to determine and describe the clinical variability in the management of PFD in the urology departments of the public health centers of the Community of Madrid, as well as the resources currently available in these centers.
The survey was carried out in September 2021 and was addressed to physicians specialized in functional urology in the public hospitals of the Community of Madrid. This survey is based on the one performed in 2011 by Díez et al. for the same purpose. The characteristics of the healthcare services provided in the different centers and the management of the main functional pathologies of the pelvic floor were analyzed. The results were compared with those of the 2011 survey for equivalent questions.
The number of Pelvic Floor Units (PFUs) has remarkably increased in the last 10 years. The use of adjustable devices in the treatment of male SUI has become widespread in the centers included in the survey. Laparoscopic/robotic sacrocolpopexy has become the gold standard treatment for pelvic organ prolapse (POP).
Multidisciplinary PFUs represent the reference framework for the management of PFD. Variability in the management of urinary incontinence, POP, bladder pain syndrome and pudendal nerve neuropathy is recognized.
Las disfunciones del suelo pélvico (DSP) incluyen un amplio número de patologías sujetas a una alta variabilidad en su manejo según los medios y capacitación de los centros y sus profesionales. El objetivo del estudio es constatar y describir la variabilidad clínica en el manejo de las DSP en los servicios de Urología de los centros sanitarios públicos de la Comunidad de Madrid, así como la dotación de medios disponibles en la actualidad en dichos centros.
Encuesta realizada en septiembre de 2021 dirigida a facultativos especialistas en Urología Funcional de los hospitales públicos de la Comunidad de Madrid. Esta se basa en una encuesta realizada en 2011 por Díez et al. con la misma finalidad. Se analizaron las características asistenciales de los distintos centros y el manejo de las principales patologías funcionales del suelo pélvico. Se compararon los resultados con los de la encuesta de 2011 para las preguntas equiparables.
El número de Unidades de Suelo Pélvico (USP) ha aumentado notablemente en los últimos 10 años. El uso de dispositivos ajustables en el tratamiento de la IUE masculina se ha extendido en los centros encuestados. La colposacropexia laparoscópica/robótica se ha convertido en el tratamiento de referencia del prolapso de órganos pélvicos (POP).
Las USP multidisciplinares son el modelo a seguir para el manejo de las DSP. Se constata la variabilidad en el manejo de la incontinencia urinaria, POP, el síndrome de dolor vesical y la neuropatía del nervio pudendo.
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