This article discusses the Personality and Personality Disorder Work Group's proposed changes for Personality Disorders in the DSM-5: (a) adoption of a hybrid dimensional-categorical model; (b) ...utilization of 6 personality disorder types instead of the previous 10 personality disorders; (c) addition of personality traits and facets to define personality disorders; (d) addition of a rating scale for levels of personality functioning; (e) revised diagnostic criteria; and (f) the collapsing of Axes I, II, and III. Also discussed are ways in which the DSM-5 proposals are reactions to criticisms of the DSM-IV-TR (APA, 2000) and criticisms of the proposed changes.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The purpose of this study was to examine how the Five-Factor personality traits moderated the effects of exposure to idealized images on body dissatisfaction in women.
Sixty-four college women ...completed the NEO-PI and the Eating Disorder Inventory and were then randomly exposed to images of either thin fashion models or heavier, (“plus-sized”) models. Following presentation of the stimuli, participants completed a second body esteem measure, which was the dependent variable.
Women high in neuroticism showed significantly greater shifts in body esteem following exposure to media images than did less neurotic women, feeling more dissatisfied with their bodies after viewing idealized images and more satisfied with their bodies after viewing heavier women. Each of the other traits was associated with more favorable self-appraisals following exposure to the idealizing images.
Of the Five-Factor traits, the harmful effects of idealized images seem to be limited to women with relatively higher levels of neuroticism. These results suggest that the harmful effects of media images may not be as pervasive as is widely believed.
Abstract
Date Presented 4/21/2018
This pilot study tested the effectiveness of an occupation-based, over-the-phone coaching program for commercial truck drivers to improve overall health and life on ...the road. This is a new area of practice for occupational therapy with an underserved population.
Primary Author and Speaker: Ann Marie Potter
Additional Authors and Speakers: Jaime Deisher, Emily Good, Rachel Sassaman
The purpose of this study was to explore with five Arab young adults their perceptions of Western and Arabic musical cultures as well as their perceptions of the Western classical vocal teaching they ...experienced at an American-modeled university in the United Arab Emirates. Of interest were issues of cultural relevance and the role of music and music education in Arab society. Data collection methods for this study included individual, semi-structured interviews with each participant and three focus group discussions. This paper will explore the following four themes from the interviews: Theme 1: Western classical university music teaching was incongruent with Arabic classical music teaching. Theme 2: Despite the incongruencies, participants found the university music experience to be transformative. Theme 3: Participants have a strong personal connection to Arabic music. Theme 4: Lack of music education has cultural ramifications; however, it is a complex issue. Using Paris’ conception of culturally sustaining pedagogy as a theoretical lens through which to view participants’ perceptions of music and music education in the United Arab Emirates as well as the juxtaposition of heritage and emergent musical traditions within a globalized traditional society, issues of cultural relevance, personal transformation, and musical identity will be further discussed.
The examination of racist, normalized ideology within American education is not new. Theoretical and practical conceptions of social justice in education have attempted to attend to educational ...inequality. Oftentimes, these attempts have reinstated the status quo because they were framed within the same Eurocentric paradigm. To address this, Django Paris proposed culturally sustaining pedagogy as a means of empowering minoritized students by sustaining the cultural competence of their communities and dismantling coloniality within educational practices. He, Michael Domínguez, and others argue that epistemic expansion is imperative for equitizing educational spaces and closing the ontological distance between teachers and students. Drawing from their work as well as scholarship from the fields of educational policy, urban education, Afrocentrism, and Indigenous studies, this paper seeks to expand the discussion about culturally relevant and responsive music education to account for students' musical epistemologies and the ways in which "epistemic travel" might inform normalized musical practices.
The diversity present within K-12 classrooms in the United States presents teachers with students from many backgrounds and musical traditions. Traditional undergraduate music education programs ...which prioritize the Western canon provide little opportunity for students to address diversity, both in pedagogy and in content. Prospective music teachers in the choral or general music areas experience vocal education that focuses primarily on the classical bel canto vocal technique. This education fails to prepare teachers to teach students from diverse backgrounds and musical traditions. Because music plays an important role in adolescents’ identity formation, teachers who are unprepared to recognize and teach diverse vocal styles may unknowingly alienate or silence their students. The purpose of this study was to develop an understanding of how two groups of music students, in early adolescence, and from a diverse urban public school, perceive the singing and the music teaching in their general music classrooms. By discovering their perspectives, I hoped to shed light on the ways in which music teaching influenced their musical, vocal, and cultural identities, particularly during the malleable time of adolescence. Over the course of three months, I conducted semi-structured interviews with 14 students and two teachers as well as twice-weekly classroom observations. Three research questions informed the data collection process: (1) How do students in a diverse urban public school describe their own singing and musical background? (2) How do they describe the vocal (and music) teaching in their general music class? (3) How do they describe an effective or ideal music teacher? The interview data and field notes from the observations were coded, organized, and analyzed into the following categories: (1) Music and Self Expression; (2) Music and Family; (3) Culturally Congruent and Incongruent Teaching; (4) Student Vocal Profiles; (5) If They Could Teach the Music Class, How Would They Teach? The overarching conclusion from this study is that the congruence or incongruence of a teacher’s musical epistemology — “the norms, logic, values, and way of knowing” music (Domínguez, 2017, p. 233) — along with the musical epistemologies of her students was the primary factor for student exclusion or empowerment in the classroom.
Organization whose members are national music organizations. Founded in 1940 by Julia Ober, Harold Spivacke, Franklin Dunham, and Edwin Hughes, the Council has provided a forum for the discussion of ...issues and problems concerning music in the United States and has acted as a liaison among member organizations. It has advised Congress on proposed legislation pertaining to music and in 1956 was granted a congressional charter. The Council has encouraged the formation of the American String Teachers Association, and both the National Association for Music Therapy and the National Opera Association were founded under its auspices. In 1959, with funds from the Ford Foundation, it established one of the first programs placing composers in public schools. It has cosponsored an annual Arts Advocacy Day and has worked closely with federal legislators “to promote and support music and music education as an integral part” of the public school curricula. It has also sponsored the concert series “Bicentennial Parade of American Music” (...
New educational trends have been in progress amongst the field of nurse anesthesia. Certified registered nurse anesthetists (CRNAs) will eventually be required to take recertification exams, which is ...a development being created by the National Board of Certification and Recertification for Nurse Anesthetists (NBCRNA). The advancement for entry into the field as a doctorate in nursing practice is also a progression that the profession is trending towards. Currently practicing CRNAs with active memberships with the American Association of Nurse Anesthetists (AANA) were surveyed to determine if CRNAs are in favor or opposed to the upcoming educational and recertification mandates presented by the NBCRNA. The study also solicited opinions towards seeking educational advancement by obtaining their Doctorate of Nursing Practice (DNP) in postgraduate programs. The statistical analysis was obtained through results provided by the AANA. Percentages were evaluated for each survey question and results were displayed in a bar graph format implemented through Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet Software Program. Results demonstrated that 14.1% strongly agreed, 27.7% somewhat agreed, 18.3% were neutral, 19.1% somewhat disagreed, and 20.8% strongly disagreed that continuing education credits and core competency modules, along with the recertification exam would benefit current CRNA practice. It was found that preferred learning techniques for recertification exam preparation included; a review course (52.6%), practice questions/exams (35.7%), simulation lab (2.7%), review of textbooks (2.7%), and other (6.3%). Future plans for obtaining a DNP 70.3% were not interested, 19.6% were unsure, 7.6% had future plans, and 2.5% were currently in school. Keywords: recertification, CPC program, NBCRNA, DNP, CRNA, AANA.
New educational trends have been in progress amongst the field of nurse anesthesia. Certified registered nurse anesthetists (CRNAs) will eventually be required to take recertification exams, which is ...a development being created by the National Board of Certification and Recertification for Nurse Anesthetists (NBCRNA). The advancement for entry into the field as a doctorate in nursing practice is also a progression that the profession is trending towards. Currently practicing CRNAs with active memberships with the American Association of Nurse Anesthetists (AANA) were surveyed to determine if CRNAs are in favor or opposed to the upcoming educational and recertification mandates presented by the NBCRNA. The study also solicited opinions towards seeking educational advancement by obtaining their Doctorate of Nursing Practice (DNP) in postgraduate programs. The statistical analysis was obtained through results provided by the AANA. Percentages were evaluated for each survey question and results were displayed in a bar graph format implemented through Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet Software Program. Results demonstrated that 14.1% strongly agreed, 27.7% somewhat agreed, 18.3% were neutral, 19.1% somewhat disagreed, and 20.8% strongly disagreed that continuing education credits and core competency modules, along with the recertification exam would benefit current CRNA practice. It was found that preferred learning techniques for recertification exam preparation included; a review course (52.6%), practice questions/exams (35.7%), simulation lab (2.7%), review of textbooks (2.7%), and other (6.3%). Future plans for obtaining a DNP 70.3% were not interested, 19.6% were unsure, 7.6% had future plans, and 2.5% were currently in school. Keywords: recertification, CPC program, NBCRNA, DNP, CRNA, AANA.
