Background
Falls among older adults can lead to negative consequences with physical, functional, social, and psychological functioning, and a high prevalence of mortality. However, it is still ...unclear whether case management can reduce the number of falls in this population.
Aims
The aims of this review were to analyze the effects of case management on preventing falls and reducing risk factors for falls in older people.
Methods
A systematic review was conducted, searching for and synthesizing clinical trials involving case management in older people who had falls or risk for fall outcomes. Two authors extracted data using predefined data fields, and risk of bias was assessed by the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale.
Results
Twelve studies were included in the final review. Case management in older people did not significantly reduce the number of falls, falls per person, or severity of falls compared to control groups. Adherence to recommendations in case management ranged from 25% to 88%.
Linking Evidence to Action
There is limited evidence of reduced rates of falls and specific risk factors for falls among people who received case management interventions. Randomized trials with good quality are needed.
Chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) is a global health condition that affects thousands of people. CMP can substantially affect the functional capacity and quality of life of the people impacted, ...resulting in high costs for health care and social security systems. Sociodemographic factors may play a significant role in pain chronification prevention and control programs. Thus, current risk factors for CMP must be seriously considered as part of an interdisciplinary management strategy. The purpose of the study was to identify the primary sociodemographic characteristics of CMP patients at a multidisciplinary and specialized center for chronic pain. This is a retrospective investigation based on a review of medical records. Age, gender, income, and the time of onset of pain symptoms were among the variables included in the analyzed data. To analyze variables related to the duration of discomfort, a multiple regression model was utilized. Sociodemographic factors explained 37.94% of experiencing prolonged pain, according to the study’s findings. Being female and having a family income above the minimum wage were variables that were directly proportional to discomfort duration. Age was not associated with a prolonged duration of pain perception.
Abstract Background Falls are directly related to morbidity and mortality of older people. Multifactorial approaches that are individualised and based on fall risk factors are necessary. This study ...aims to verify the effects of a case management‐based intervention on non‐motor risk factors for falls in community‐dwelling older people with a history of falls. Methods The intervention applied a multidimensional assessment of risk factors for falls, a discussion about the identified risk factors, the preparation of an individualised plan with the participant, and the application, monitoring and review of the plan. Results There was a significant interaction between groups and assessments only in the visuospatial domain ( P = 0.031). After simple main effects analysis, differences between groups and assessments were not significant, although there was a tendency of worse visuospatial performance in the control group in the follow‐up assessment ( P = 0.099). There were no significant differences between groups or between assessments in other variables. Conclusion The intervention has the potential to maintain non‐motor risk factors for falls in community‐dwelling older people with a history of falls. However, more clinical trials are needed to prove its effects.
Estimate the prevalence of chronic pain and its association with symptoms of anxiety, sleep disorders, and aspects of remote work in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
A cross-sectional and ...descriptive study conducted with 328 adults engaged in remote work. Data was collected online from February 2021 to January 2022. For pain investigation and evaluations of sleep and anxiety, a structured questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 were used, respectively.
The prevalence of chronic pain was 47.9% (CI 95% = 42.5-53.3). Associations were identified between pain and anxiety, sleep disorders, and sitting time (p<0.01).
The prevalence of chronic pain in remote work was found to be high, with pain being of moderate intensity and associated with anxiety, sleep disorders, and prolonged sitting time.
Cognitive functioning is an important dimension among the elderly. Cognitive maintenance is vital for aging due to its association with autonomy and independence. Considering the importance of ...preventive programs in older adults' health, this study aims to share an intervention protocol of a falls prevention program for community-dwelling faller older adults with cognitive impairment.
This is the protocol of an experimental and longitudinal study, consisting of cognitive stimulation associated with physical exercise in a 16-week fall prevention program. For cognitive intervention, the APG Cognitive Training Protocol will be used. Participants will be assessed pre-and post-intervention and will be randomly allocated to experimental or control groups. The screening protocol is composed of the TUG, FES-I, LAWTON & BRODY, ACE-R, GAI and fall survey instruments, focusing on the assessment of balance and mobility, fear of falling, performance on IADL, cognitive and anxiety tracking, respectively.
This study can determine the long-term effects of multimodal cognitive training, providing evidence for its replication in the provision of care for the elderly. The objective is to promote improvements in the cognitive performance, mobility and balance of the elderly, with a focus on reducing the number of falls, fractures, hospitalizations and institutionalization, serving as an alternative to interrupt the cycle of falls.
The research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee with Human Beings at the Federal University of São Carlos, CAAE: 3654240.9.0000.5504 and Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (REBEC) RBR-3t85fd, registered on the 25th of September, 2020.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
This study investigated the relationship between metabolic parameters and low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels in older adults (n = 265). They were assessed for anthropometrics and ...metabolic measurements, including 25(OH)D, insulin, glucose, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG) and other inflammatory markers. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as a 25(OH)D level below 50 nmol/L. Comparisons between groups were performed using Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney or Pearson's Chi-squared test. A multivariate adjusted Poisson regression was used to model the number of metabolic parameters as a function of a set of explanatory variables. Subjects with 25(OH)D deficiency were predominantly females and presented higher body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, triglycerides and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), and higher insulin resistance. Metabolic syndrome was also more prevalent among 25(OH)D-deficient subjects. In those without metabolic syndrome, 25(OH)D deficiency was related only to obesity and higher insulin resistance. Female sex, hypertension, higher waist circumference and higher levels of hemoglobin A1C (%), HDL-C, and TG were significantly associated with an increased number of metabolic syndrome parameters after adjusting for covariates, but 25(OH)D was not. The fact that serum 25(OH)D concentration was inversely associated with metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance not only reaffirms the relevance to consider serum 25(OH)D concentration as an influencing factor for insulin resistance, but also the need to actively screen for hypovitaminosis D in all patients with this condition.
Resumo Objetivo Avaliar o efeito da Educação em Neurociência da Dor aliada ao Pilates na catastrofização da dor em idosos com lombalgia crônica inespecífica. Métodos Ensaio clínico controlado ...randomizado com 80 participantes divididos em dois grupos: Grupo Pilates combinado com Educação em Neurociência da Dor – GPE, e Grupo Pilates– GP. As medidas foram feitas no início, pós-intervenção e após seis meses (seguimento). O protocolo incluiu três sessões individuais de Educação em Neurociência da Dor (END) de 30 min (somente para o GPE) e, posteriormente, oito semanas de Pilates (duas vezes por semana, 50 min/sessão, para ambos os grupos). Resultados Comparações das diferenças pré-pós e de seguimento em catastrofização, cinesiofobia, incapacidade e intensidade da dor não mostraram evidências de que a END teve efeitos adicionais em comparação com os exercícios isoladamente. Uma vantagem provável do presente protocolo de END foi que as taxas de abandono para o GPE foram menores do que para o GP, mostrando que a END aumentou a adesão ao exercício. Conclusão A relevância clínica do estudo é que o Pilates é uma intervenção segura para idosos com dor lombar crônica inespecífica e a END pode aumentar a adesão ao exercício nessa população.
Falls are among the top 10 causes of years lived with disability in people aged 75 and over. Preventive programs like case management (CM) are crucial. Objectives: To evaluate the effects of a ...multifactorial fall prevention program based on CM on physical performance, the presence of pain, and the risk of falls and fractures in older people who have suffered falls. Methods: This randomized, single-blind clinical trial with parallel groups, Intervention Group (IG) and Control Group (CG), was composed of 55 older people with a history of falling, living in the community. All participants underwent an initial assessment via video call (containing anamnesis, timed up-and-go test, falls risk score, short physical performance battery, and clinical frax). The IG underwent CM, the physical exercise protocol, and the cognitive stimulation protocol. The CG was monitored through telephone calls and received general health and fall guidance. Results: No significant results were found in the physical capacity, the presence of pain, the risk of falls, or the fractures between the Intervention and Control Groups and between assessments. Conclusion: This program was not effective in improving functional performance, but it was important for characterizing pain and the probability of fracture in the next 10 years in this population.
to identify factors associated with depressive symptoms in elderly caregivers with chronic pain.
the study included people 60 years of age or older who reported chronic pain and cared for another ...elderly person living in the same household (n=186). Statistical analyzes were performed using the Mann-Whitney test, univariate and multiple logistic regression.
most participants had no depressive symptoms (70.4%), 24.2% had mild depressive symptoms and 5.4% had severe symptoms. Univariate analysis showed that the variables family income, number of diseases, number of medications in use, pain intensity, overload and perceived stress were associated with depressive symptoms. Multivariate analysis found an association with perceived stress (95% CI 1.101-1207) and number of medications (95% CI 1.139-1.540) in use.
factors associated with depressive symptoms in elderly caregivers with chronic pain were stress and the number of medications in use.
ABSTRACT To analyze the relationship between anxiety and depression and quality of life in chronic renal failure patients on hemodialysis. This is a correlational study with a cross-sectional, ...quantitative approach, conducted with 100 kidney patients under treatment at a Renal Replacement Therapy Unit in the state of São Paulo. Data were collected using a sociodemographic questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Kidney Disease and Quality of Life Short-Form. A negative correlation was found between anxiety and depression and the quality of life domains. In addition, the average scores on the Kidney Disease and Quality of Life Short-Form were significantly lower in patients with anxiety and depressive symptoms. In conclusion, there is a negative correlation between depression and anxiety and the health-related quality of life of chronic renal failure patients on hemodialysis.
RESUMO: O objetivo foi analisar a relação entre a ansiedade e depressão e qualidade de vida de pacientes renais crônicos em tratamento hemodialítico. Estudo correlacional, de corte transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado com 100 pacientes renais em tratamento em uma Unidade de Terapia Renal Substitutiva do interior do Estado de São Paulo. Os dados foram coletados a partir do questionário para caracterização sociodemográfica, Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão e Kidney Disease and Quality of Life Short-Form. Verificou-se a existência de correlação negativa entre a ansiedade e depressão com os domínios de qualidade de vida. Ademais, a média dos domínios do Kidney Disease and Quality of Life Short-Form foram significativamente menores nos pacientes com sintomas ansiosos e depressivos. Conclui-se que existe correlação negativa entre a depressão e ansiedade com a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde de pacientes com doença renal crônica em tratamento hemodialítico.
RESUMEN Analizar la relación entre ansiedad y depresión con la calidad de vida de los pacientes renales crónicos en hemodiálisis. Estudio correlacional, transversal, con un enfoque cuantitativo, realizado con 100 pacientes renales en tratamiento en una Unidad de Terapia de Reemplazo Renal en el estado de São Paulo. Los datos fueron obtenidos a partir del cuestionario de variables sociodemográficas, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale y Kidney Disease and Quality of Life Short Form. Se encontró una correlación negativa entre la ansiedad y depresión con los dominios de calidad de vida. Además, las puntuaciones medias de los dominios Kidney Disease and Quality of Life Short Form fueron significativamente inferiores en los pacientes con ansiedad y los síntomas depresivos. Concluimos que existe una correlación negativa entre la depresión y la ansiedad con la calidad de vida de los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en hemodiálisis.
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